Scott Hanselman [PDF]

Why should I care about Kubernetes, Docker, and Container Orchestration? February 8, '18 Posted in Docker | Kubernetes Sponsored By

A person at work chatted me, commenting on my recent blog posts on the Raspberry Pi Kubernetes Clusters that are being built, and wondered "why should I care about Kubernetes or Docker or any of that stuff?"

Great question, and I'm figuring it out myself. There's lots of resources out there but none that spoke my language, so here's my thoughts and how I explain it. "Hey, I have this great new blog app!" "Fab, gimme!" "Sure, first make sure you have this version of Windows/Linux, this version of .NET/Python/Node, and these prerequisites." "Hang on, lemme call you next week when that's handled." This is how software was built for years. Now let's deploy it. "Here's the code/dlls/application zipped up." "Lemme FTP/SFTP/Drag this from one Explorer Window to another." "Is this version of that file set to this?" "Wait, what?" "Make sure that system/boss/dll/nounjs is version 4.5.4.1, they patched it." "Ok, Imma shush* into production." Again, we've all been there. It's 2018 and there's more folks doing this than you care to admit. Enter Virtual Machines! Way better, right? Here's a USB key with a file that is EVERYTHING you need. Handled. "Forget that, use this. It's better than a computer, it's a Virtual Machine. But be aware, It doesn't know it's Virtual, so respect the lie." "OK, email it to me." "Well, it's 32 gigs. Lemme UPS it." Your app is only 100 megs, and this VM is tens of gigs. Why does a 150 pound person need a 6000lb Hummer? Isolation, I guess. "The app is getting more complex, but it's cool. There's four VMs now. One for the DB, one for Redis, and a front end one, and the shopping cart gets one. It's microservices!" "I'm loving it." "Here's a 2 TB drive." Nice that we're breaking it up, but not so nice that we're getting bloated. Now we have to run apt upgrade/windows update on all these things and maintain them. Why drive a Hummer when I can get a Lyft? "Ok I got them all running on this beefy machine under my desk." "Cool, we're moving to the cloud." "Sigh. I need to update all these connection strings and start uploading VMs." "It'll be great. It's like a machine under your desk, except your desk is in the cloud." "What's the cloud?" "It's a server room you can't see. Basically it's the computers under your desk. But invisible." Most VM infrastructure is pretty sloppy. It's hard coded IP addresses, it's poorly named VMs living in the same subnets, then we'll move them to the cloud (lift and shift!) but then they are still messy, but they're in the Cloud™, right? "You know, all these VMs are heavy. I have to maintain and move a bunch of stuff that ISN'T the app. Containers are the way. Just define the app's base requirement and share everything else." "I've been hearing about this. I can type "docker run hello-world" and on any machine it'll load the hello world image (based on Ubuntu) from a central hub and run it in a mostly isolated way. Guaranteed to work and run, even as time passes." "Nice, because more and more parts of our app are in .NET Core on Linux, but there's also some Python and node." "Yep and it'll all just run as the prerequisites are clearly listened in the container...and the prereqs are in fact references to other container images." "It's containers all the way down." Now the DB, Redis, the front end, and the shopping cart can call be defined in some simple text files. Rather than your Host OS (the main computer...the metal) loading up a bunch of Guest OS's (literally copies!) and then loading all the apps and prerequisites, you'll share OSes, and when appropriate, the binaries and libraries. "OK, now we have a bunch of containers running in Docker, but sometimes they go down or stop." "Run them again?" "It's more that that, we need to sometimes have 3 shopping cart containers, and other times we need 2 or more DB containers. Plus their IPs sometimes change" "So we need something to keep them running, scale or auto-scale them, as well manage networking and naming/dns." Enter a container orchestrator. There's Docker Swarm, Mesos/Marathon, Azure Service Fabric, and others, but for this post we'll use Kubernetes. "So Kubernetes runs my containers, keeps them running, and helps manage the network?" "Yes, and no. Parts of Kubernetes - or k8s, as cool people like me who have been using it for nearly 3 hours say - are part of the master components, like etcd for key value storage, and the kube-scheduler for selecting what node to run a "pod" on (a pod is cooler to say than container, but sometimes a pod is more than one container. Still, very cool.) "I'll need to make a glossary." "Darn tootin' you will." Kubernetes has basically pluggable everything. Don't like their networking setup? There's literally over a dozen options. Want better charts and graphs? Whole world of options. Just as one Dockerfile can explain declare what's needed to run an app, a Kubernetes YAML file describes not only the containers, but the ports need, the number of replicas of each (think web farm), names, environment variables, and more. Here's a file that shows a front end, back end, and load balancer. Everything is there, connection strings become internal DNS lookups, ever service has a load balancer (if you like), and you can scale manually or auto-scale. "Ok so why should I care?" "A few reasons. In the past, to install our app I'd need to give you a Word document and a weekend. Now you type kubectl apply theapp.yaml and it's running in less than a minute." "I'm still billing for the weekend." Simply stated, we are at the beginning of a new phase of DevOps. One that is programmatic, elastic, and declarative. It's consistent and clear and modular. I recommend you check out Julia Evans' "Reasons Kubernetes is cool" as well as reading up on how to make a Kubernetes cluster (and the management VMS are free) in Azure. * I'm trying to make shush a thing. We don't Es Es Eaytch into machines! We shush in! It's pronounced somewhere between shush and shoosh. Make sure you throw in a little petit jeté when you say it. * Pic used under CC Sponsor: Unleash a faster Python Supercharge your applications performance on future forward Intel® platforms with The Intel® Distribution for Python. Available for Windows, Linux, and macOS. Get the Intel® Distribution for Python* Now! About Scott Scott Hanselman is a former professor, former Chief Architect in finance, now speaker, consultant, father, diabetic, and Microsoft employee. He is a failed stand-up comic, a cornrower, and a book author. About Newsletter Sponsored By Hosting By

Everyone should get a Dashcam February 5, '18 Posted in Reviews Sponsored By I've put Dashcams in both my car and my wife's car. It's already captured two accidents: one where I was rear-ended and one where someone fell asleep as they were driving a few cars ahead of me on the freeway. After these two experiences, I will never drive a car without a dashcam again. Case in point - being rear-ended. I was at a red light, it turned green, and as I accelerated I got nailed from behind, pushing me into the intersection. The gent jumped out and started yelling and waving his arms, saying I backed up (!), and I said, "I'm sorry, but I've got a dashcam both front and back." He got really quiet, and then we exchanged information. When I called the insurance company on Monday and told them I had not only Dashcam footage but that the cam recorded date and time, gps coordinates, speed and 1080p video both front and back, including the face and license plate of the other driver...I had a check that Thursday afternoon. I was driving at night on I5 from Seattle to Portland and noticed a truck two or three (long) car lengths ahead of me start to drift, drift, drift off to the side...and then suddenly jerk hard to the left, cross all lanes of traffic and slam into the median in a shower of sparks and eventually balance on top of the center median. While I wasn't involved in the accident, I pulled over and dropbox'ed the video to the cops right there. The officer on duty said that dashcam footage made things 100% easier. A cropped and somewhat compressed version of this video is embedded below, and also linked here. Now, it was late at night and I've cropped it, but you can see the car get "sleepy" and slowly float across all lanes to the right, hit the right side, then overcompensate and hit the center. This contradicted the driver's statement that he was hit by another car. Disclaimer: This is older DR650 footage in the dead of night that's been cropped to remove identifying info. Check out this example Dashcam footage of a DR750 for a better sense of what to expect. Your browser does not support the video tag. I've put Blackvue Dashcams in both our cars. I put a Blackvue DR750S-2CH with Power Magic in car. A PowerMagic will power the dashcam while the car is parked, and catch anything that happens even if the car is off, and it will shut off if it detects that it's in any way discharging the 12V battery below a set voltage. I like the DR750 because it's 60fps 1080p on the front, and it can optionally buffer the video to memory so it's not beating on the SD card and shortening its life. It also has g-force and impact sensors, so as you get in the car it'll say (literally speak) "an impact was detected while in parking mode." My wife didn't care about these more advanced features so she got the Blackvue DR650S-2CH. It's last year's model but still does 1080p front and back. There's a main wire that handles power for the main unit (either from a 9V cigarette lighter or the PowerMagic), then there's a long, long wire that you'll fish though the plastic panels of your car that will power and run the back camera. It only took about two hours for me to install the camera, per car, and installation consisted mostly of hiding wires in the existing plastic panels and pushing the wires out of sight. The final look is very sanitary and requires zero maintenance. The camera has wifi built-in and there's a free app to download. You connect your phone (whenever necessary) to the camera's wifi and download videos as needed. That's why it was super easy for me to Dropbox the footage without connecting to a PC. That said, there are Blackvue desktop apps that will show you maps with your position and speed and allow you to stitch footage together. You can also stamp date, time, speed, and custom text to the footage so it's embedded in the resulting MP4s. I've had zero issues with my dashcams, and as I said, I'm sold. It's a no-brainer and frankly, it should be built into every car. I'll be installing a dashcam in whatever car my soon-to-be teenager drives, count on it. Maybe you won't get into an accident (hopefully!) but you could catch a meteor on your dashcam! * I use Amazon links to products. When you use them, you're supporting this blog! Thanks! Sponsor: Get the latest JetBrains Rider for debugging third-party .NET code, Smart Step Into, more debugger improvements, C# Interactive, new project wizard, and formatting code in columns. About Scott Scott Hanselman is a former professor, former Chief Architect in finance, now speaker, consultant, father, diabetic, and Microsoft employee. He is a failed stand-up comic, a cornrower, and a book author. About Newsletter Sponsored By Hosting By

How to set up Kubernetes on Windows 10 with Docker for Windows and run ASP.NET Core January 30, '18 Posted in DotNetCore | Kubernetes | Open Source Sponsored By Docker for Windows is really coming along nicely. They have both a Stable and Edge channel and the Edge (beta, experimental) one just included a lovely new feature - Kubernetes support. Per their docs, Kubernetes is only available in Docker for Windows 18.02 CE Edge. They set most everything up nicely and put Kubectl into your path and setup a context. If you use kubectl for other things - like your own Raspberry Pi Kubernetes Cluster, then you'll need to be aware of switching contexts. Same thing applies if you have one in the cloud, like the Kubernetes Cluster I made in Azure AKS. Got Docker for Windows? If you have not yet installed Docker for Windows, see Install Docker for Windows for an explanation of stable and edge channels, system requirements, and download/install information. It's easy to get started, just click "Enable Kubernetes" and Docker for Windows will download and start the images you need. I clicked "show system containers" because I like to see what's hidden from me, but you decide for yourself. Do be aware - there's a TON.

By default, you won't get the Kubernetes Dashboard - of which I'm a fan - so you may want to install that. If you follow the default instructions (and you're a noob like me) then you'll likely end up with a Dashboard that is pretty locked down. It can be somewhat frustrating to get access to your own development dashboard, so I use the alternative (read: totally insecure) dashboard, like this: C:\> kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/alternative/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

I also like charts and graphs so I added these as well: C:\> kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/heapster/master/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/influxdb.yaml C:\> kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/heapster/master/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/heapster.yaml C:\> kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/heapster/master/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/grafana.yaml

I can access the dashboard by default by running "kubectl proxy" then visiting this http://localhost:8001/ui and I'll get redirected to the dashboard:

Now I can run through all the cool Kubernetes tutorials like the Guestbook Kubernetes Sample Application from the convenience of my Windows 10 machine. (I'm running a SurfaceBook 2 on the current non-Beta Windows 10.) There are a lot of nice samples on running .NET Core and ASP.NET Core apps with Docker up at https://github.com/dotnet/dotnet-docker-samples/ I made a quick ASP.NET Core app called kubeaspnetapp: C:\Users\scott\Desktop>dotnet new razor -o kubeaspnetapp The template "ASP.NET Core Web App" was created successfully. ...snip... Restore succeeded.

Then added a two-stage build DockerFile that looks like this: FROM microsoft/aspnetcore-build:2.0 AS build-env WORKDIR /app # copy csproj and restore as distinct layers COPY *.csproj ./ RUN dotnet restore # copy everything else and build COPY . ./ RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out # build runtime image FROM microsoft/aspnetcore:2.0 WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build-env /app/out . ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "kubeaspnetapp.dll"]

And built and tagged the image with: C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp>docker build -t kubeaspnetapp:v1 .

Then I create a quick Deployment that manages a Pod that runs the Container: C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp>kubectl run kubeaspnetapp --image=kubeaspnetapp:v1 --port=80 deployment "kubeaspnetapp" created

Now I'll expose it to the "outside." Again, this is usually done with .yaml files but it's a good learning exercise and it's all local. C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp>kubectl get deployments NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kubeaspnetapp 1 1 1 1 1m C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp>kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kubeaspnetapp-778f6d49bd-rct59 1/1 Running 0 1m C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp> C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp> C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp>kubectl expose deployment kubeaspnetapp --type=NodePort service "kubeaspnetapp" exposed C:\Users\scott\Desktop\kubeaspnetapp>kubectl get services NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kubeaspnetapp LoadBalancer 10.98.234.67 80:31756/TCP 5s kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 443/TCP 1d

Then I'll hit http://127.0.0.1:31756 in my browser...note how that port is brokering to the internal port 80 where the app listens...and there's my ASP.NET Core app running locally on Kubernetes, set up with Docker for Windows. Nice.

Here's me getting the startup logs from that pod: C:\Users\scott\>kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kubeaspnetapp-7fd7f7ffb9-8gnzd 1/1 Running 0 6m C:\Users\scott\Dropbox\k8s for pi\aspnetcoreapp>kubectl logs kubeaspnetapp-7fd7f7ffb9-8gnzd Hosting environment: Production Content root path: /app Now listening on: http://[::]:80 Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.

Pretty cool. As all the tooling and things across Windows, Docker, Kubernetes, Visual Studio (all flavors) continues to get better and better, I can only imagine this experience will get better and better. I look forward to a time when I can freely mix containers from different OSs and easily push them all en masse to Azure. Sponsor: Get the latest JetBrains Rider for debugging third-party .NET code, Smart Step Into, more debugger improvements, C# Interactive, new project wizard, and formatting code in columns. About Scott Scott Hanselman is a former professor, former Chief Architect in finance, now speaker, consultant, father, diabetic, and Microsoft employee. He is a failed stand-up comic, a cornrower, and a book author. About Newsletter Sponsored By Hosting By

Building a Raspberry Pi Car Robot with WiFi and Video January 29, '18 Posted in Hardware | Open Source Sponsored By Last year I found a company called SunFounder that makes great Raspberry Pi-related kits and stuff. I got their Raspberry Pi 10" Touchscreen LCD and enjoyed it very much. This month I picked up the SunFounder PiCar 2.0 kit and built it with the kids. The kit includes everything you need except for the Raspberry Pi itself, a mini SD Card (the Pi uses that as hard drive), and two 18650 rechargeable lithium batteries. Those batteries are enough to power both the Pi itself (so the car isn't tethered) as well as provide enough voltage to run the 3 servos AND motors to drive and steer the car around. You can also expand the car with other attachments like light sensors, line followers, and more. The PiCar 2.0 includes the chassis, a nice USB WiFi adapter with antenna (one less thing to think about if you're using a Raspberry Pi like me), a USB webcam for computer vision scenarios. It includes a TB6612 Motor Driver, PCA9685 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Servo Driver with 16 channels for future expansion. The kit also helpfully includes all the tools, screwdriver, wrenches, and bolts.

All the code for the SunFounder PiCar-V is on GitHub and while there can be a few hiccups with some of the English instructions, there are a bunch of YouTube videos and folks online doing the same thing so we had no trouble making the robot in a weekend.

PRO TIP - Boot your new Raspberry Pi up with ssh enabled and already joined to your wifi You'll need to use a tool like Etcher.io to burn a copy of the Raspbian operating system on to a mini SD card. I prefer to save time and avoid having to connect a new Raspberry Pi to HDMI and a mouse and keyboard, so I get the Pi onto my wifi network and enable SSH by copying these two files to the root of the file system of the freshly burned mini SD card. This will cause the Pi to automatically join your network when it boots up for the first time. Then I used Ubuntu on Windows 10 to ssh into the Pi and follow the instructions. Make a 0 byte file called "ssh" and copy it to the root of the new PI disk Make a file called "wpa_supplicant.conf" with just linefeeds at the end and make it look like this. Copy it to the root of the new PI disk. country=US ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev update_config=1 network={ ssid="YOURWIFI" scan_ssid=1 psk="yourwifipassword" key_mgmt=WPA-PSK }

I like to use Notepad2 or Visual Studio Code to change the line endings of a file. You can see the CRLF or the LF in the status car and click it. Unix/Raspbian/Raspberry Pi likes just an LF (line feed) for the lineending, while Windows defaults to using CRLF (Carriage Return/Line Feed, or 0x13 0x10) for text files.

The default Raspberry username is pi and the default password is raspberry. You may want to change that. SunFounder has a decent "install_dependencies" script that you'll run on the Pi:

Once you've built the PiCar you can ssh in and run their development server that gives you a little WebAPI to control the car. The SunFounder folks are pretty good at web development (less so with mobile apps) and have a nice Django app to control the PiCar. Here's the view from the front camera of the PiCar as viewed through local website on port 8000. It's looking at my computer looking at itself. ;)

You're able to control the PiCar from this web interface with the keyboard. You can move the car and steer with WASD, as well as move the head/camera independently. You will need to enter the settings area (upper right corner) and calibrate the back wheels direction. By default, one wheel may go the opposite direction because they can't be sure how you mounted them, so you'll need to reverse one wheel to ensure they both go in the same direction. They also included a client application, also written in Python. On Windows you'll need to install Python, and when you run client.py you may get an error: ImportError: No module named requests

You'll need to run "pip3 install requests" as that module isn't installed by default. Additionally, Python apps aren't smart about High-DPI displays, so I went to C:\Users\scott\appdata\local\Programs\Python\Python36 and right click'ed the Python.exe and set the DPI setting to "System (Enhanced)" like this.

The client app is best for "Zeroing out" the camera and wheels, in case they are favoring one side or the other.

All in all, building the SunFounder "Raspberry Pi Video Car Kit 2.0" with the kids was a great experience. The next step is to see what else we can do with it! Add a speaker so it talks? Add Alexa support so you can talk to it? Make the car drive around and take pictures, then use Azure cognitive services to announce what it sees? Or, as my little boys say, "add weapons and make another bot for it to fight!" What do you think? * I use Amazon affiliate links and appreciate it when you use them! It supports this blog and sometimes gives me enough money to buy gadgets like this! Sponsor: Unleash a faster Python! Supercharge your applications performance on future forward Intel® platforms with The Intel® Distribution for Python. Available for Windows, Linux, and macOS. Get the Intel® Distribution for Python Now! About Scott Scott Hanselman is a former professor, former Chief Architect in finance, now speaker, consultant, father, diabetic, and Microsoft employee. He is a failed stand-up comic, a cornrower, and a book author. About Newsletter Sponsored By Hosting By

You got this! You know the fundamentals. You are a learner. Plus The Imposter's Handbook January 26, '18 Posted in Musings Sponsored By Sometimes we all get overwhelmed. There's a million (no irony there) reasons to be overwhelmed today, to be sure. I got an email from a community member who was feeling like they hadn't kept up on the latest tech. Of course, anything you learn today will be obsolete tomorrow, right? I'm overwhelmed thinking of it! I wrote a little thread about this on Twitter and I wanted to expand on it here. Scott Hanselman @shanselman

A brief thread for my developer friends who have 10-15-20 years in the game. Maybe you're a dev who's been keeping up and fresh on the latest since jump, or maybe you've been using the same reliable framework for your whole career. pic.twitter.com/H228QRmlTr 3:58 AM - Jan 27, 2018 393

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Maybe you're a dev who's been keeping up and fresh on the latest since jump, or maybe you've been using the same reliable framework for your whole career. It can be totally overwhelming when you "wake up" and look around and notice that you don't know NOUN.js or ASPNET 10 or the like. You feel like it's over, and you've missed the boat. I want to encourage you. You're a developer! You have a good base to build on! You may not know today's JavaScript/Java/C# but you DO know JavaScript/Java/C#. Yes, the Internet moved your cheese while you were sleeping, but you DID grow. When talking to employers, emphasize the base of knowledge you bring. Frameworks come and go. Fundamentals remain. I really recommend Rob Conery's "The Imposter's Handbook" as a great way to reinforce those fundamentals and core concepts.Rob has been programming for years but without a CS degree. This book is about all the things he learned and all the gaps that got filled in while he was overwhelmed.

Yes this is a squishy blog post, but sometimes that's what's needed. You are smart, you are capable. Look at the replies to the twitter thread and you'll see you are not alone. Your job as a programmer is to be the figure-outer. Sponsor: Unleash a faster Python! Supercharge your applications performance on future forward Intel® platforms with The Intel® Distribution for Python. Available for Windows, Linux, and macOS. Get the Intel® Distribution for Python Now! About Scott Scott Hanselman is a former professor, former Chief Architect in finance, now speaker, consultant, father, diabetic, and Microsoft employee. He is a failed stand-up comic, a cornrower, and a book author. About Newsletter Sponsored By Hosting By

Disclaimer: The opinions expressed herein are my own personal opinions and do not represent my employer's view in any way.