Idea Transcript
Update 1/11/14 Non-Combatants LBH Name Arapaho Chief, Laura Arapaho Chief, Lenora Arapaho Chief, Maud Bad Heart Bull, Amos
Also Known As
Tribe & Band Northern Cheyenne Northern Cheyenne Northern Cheyenne
Eagle Lance Oglala Lakota
Bad White Man
Cheyenne
Bear Stop
Minnikojou Lakota Arapahoe
Big Belly Woman Black Bird
Northern Cheyenne
Black Bull
Lakota
Black Shawl Black Swallow Woman Bridge Woman
Lakota Lakota
Brings News
Lakota
Brown Wolf, Joseph Brule Woman
Minnikojou Lakota Lakota
Northern Cheyenne
Remarks
Reference
When Custer attacked, she was so Liberty, A Northern Cheyenne frightened she fainted Album, 7 & 226 A young girl at the time of the Battle Liberty, A Northern Cheyenne Album, 7 & 226-227 Camped on the north side of the Liberty, A Northern Cheyenne river with her family when Custer Album, 7 & 226-227 attacked Son of Bad Heart Bull – 7 years at Blish, A Pictographic History of time of Battle – Born 1869, died the Oglala Sioux, vii-530; Hook, Aug 3, 1913 – Drew a pictographic Warriors LBH, 8 record of over 400 drawings, many of the Battle Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 156 12 years old at time of Battle Miller, Custer’s Fall, 265; Miller, Indians Who Fought Custer * Wife of Black Wolf Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota, Lead SD 11 years old at time of Battle – Marquis, Cheyennes of Montana, Watched Battle from nearby ridge 145; Liberty, A Northern Cheyenne Album, 7 Young boy at the Battle – Living at Craige, letter to Shoemaker Cheyenne River Agency 1926 Wife of Crazy Horse Sandoz, Crazy Horse, 328 & 332 Daughter of Crazy Woman and Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, White Rabbit Lakota, Lead SD In the village during the Battle Personal ref: Sharon Small, Museum Curator, Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 158
6 years old at time of Battle – Born Personal ref: Bruce Brownwolf, 1870, died 1902 Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Mary Fine Wife of Fine Weather Personal ref: Bruce Brownwolf, Weather Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Bull Proof Lakota Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the Battle Ledger, 161 Cannonball Hattie Hunkpapa Born 1866 - Was 10 years old at Hardorff, Camp, Custer and the Woman Lawrence Lakota time of Battle LBH, 85 Charging Hawk Brule Lakota 8 years old at time of Battle - Heard Hardorff, Camp, Custer and the about bulldog on battlefield LBH, 93 Cheyenne Lakota Wife #2 of White Swan, married Personal ref: Bruce Brownwolf, Woman 1863 – Mother of Walter Swan Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Circled Lodge Lakota Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the Battle Ledger, 160 Clown Amos Clown Sans Arc Youth - R. C. Craige, Agent, said Craige, letter to Shoemaker; or Old Eagle Lakota he was at LBH but did not fight, Miller, Custer’s Fall, 75-76, 228 & Miller said he fought Reno – At the 265; Miller, Indians Who Fought Lone tepee on Reno Creek with Custer*; Personal ref: Douglas Two Bears, prepared Old She Bear War Eagle, Lakota, Dupree SD for burial - Living at Cheyenne River Agency 1926 – Some
Non-Combatants LBH Name
Also Known As
Cockeyed Woman Comes Back Holy Couch
Crane Woman Crazy Woman
Tribe & Band
Lakota Minnikojou Lakota Lakota
Buffalo Cow Southern Cheyenne Lakota
Crooked Mouth
Lakota
Crooked Nose
Northern Cheyenne
Crossed Eagle Quills
Sans Arc Lakota
Crow Foot
Hunkpapa Lakota
Deeds
One Hawk
Duck Eagle Boy
Cheyenne Grover Eagle Hunkpapa Boy Lakota
Eagle Feather On The Forehead Eagle Ring
Elk Head
Elk Woman
Fingers Woman Fishing Woman
Hunkpapa Lakota
Northern Cheyenne Lakota
Young Elk Head & Elias Elk Head Wolf Traveling
Sans Arc Lakota Northern Cheyenne Northern Cheyenne Northern Cheyenne
Remarks
Reference
sources say Minnikojou - Died 1943 Surrendered with Crazy Horse – May have been at the LBH Wife of Joe Owl King – Mother of Phillip Brown Wolf Wife of Charging Thunder
Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger, 160 Personal ref: Bruce Brownwolf, Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Pengra, “Foray to Hollywood”, CBHMA Greasy Grass, (May 2013, 8 Daughter of Lame White Man and Powell, Sweet Medicine, 114; Twin Woman Michno, Lakota Noon, 198-199 Wife of White Rabbit Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota, Lead SD Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 162 Sister of Wooden Leg – Died 1877 Marquis, Wooden Leg, 210; Michno, Lakota Noon, 35; Greene, Yellowstone Command, 195 11 years old at Battle & fled to www.civilization.ca (See LBH Canada with her parents (Red Bear Bibliography) & Tasunke Topa Naunkewin) Son of Seen By Her Nation & Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Sitting Bull – Born 1873, died Dec Lakota, Lead SD; LaPointe, 15, 1890 – Given name of the Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy, Blackfeet Chief when Sitting Bull 2 & 43 went to Canada Killed prior to Battle at Reno Creek Miller, Custer's Fall, 3-5 & 88; – Died June 25, 1876 Little Bighorn Michno, Lakota Noon, 27 & 47; – Some sources say Sans Arc Hardorff, Indian Views of the Custer Fight, 138; Hardorff, Lakota Recollections, 58 & 93 Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 156 14 years old at time of Battle and Campbell, Grover Eagle Boy at rode a young horse up among the Custer, 45 women Mother of Wooden Leg Marquis, Wooden Leg, 1 & 210; Michno, Lakota Noon, 35 11 years old at time of Battle – Was on field with old women who stripped soldiers Young son of Elk Head - Born 1861, died June 2, 1941 - Living at Cheyenne River Agency 1926 Mutilated dead soldiers after the Battle - First husband died at LBH – Married Strong Left Hand after LBH Sister of Wooden Leg
Hardorff, Lakota Recollections, 28; Donahue, Drawing Battle Lines, 175 Miller, Custer's Fall, 57 & 222223; Craige, letter to Shoemaker
Saw soldiers at ford D
Trinque, “The Fight in Fishing Woman Ravine”, Custer and His Times Book Four, 219
Aadland, Woman and Warriors, 49 & 63; Schwartz, The Last Contrary, 11 Michno, Lakota Noon, 35
Non-Combatants LBH Name
Also Known As
Fool’s Crow
Four Robes Woman Four Times Woman Four Woman Fox Woman Good Feather Woman Ghost
Tribe & Band Oglala Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota Oglala Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota Cheyenne
Gray Eagle, Annie
Lakota
Gray Eagle, Samuel
Lakota
Greasy Dog Green Blanket
Northern Cheyenne Lakota
Grey Head
Lakota
Hail Stones In Her Stomach Hard To Kill, William Head Swift, Charles
Lakota
Her Holy Dog Face Woman Her Holy Door
Oglala Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota
High Hawk
Cheyenne
His White Horse, Mrs Hoksila (Lakota for unnamed boy) Hoksila (Lakota Phillipp for unnamed White Rabbit boy) Holy Horse Woman
Lakota
Minnikojou Lakota Northern Cheyenne
Hunkpapa Lakota Lakota
Oglala Lakota
Remarks 11 years old at time of Battle – Brother of Eagle Bear Wife of Sitting Bull – Born 1848, died 1929 Sister of White Bull
Reference Hunt, I Fought With Custer, 219; Miller, Indians Who Fought Custer* LaPointe, Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy, 2, 42 & 103 Michno, Lakota Noon, 25
Bathing in the river when she heard Hardorff, Camp, Custer and the reports of soldiers coming LBH, 47 Sister of Painted Horse Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota, Lead SD Mother of White Bull(Minnikojou) – Utley, Lance and Shield, 143In Sitting Bull’s lodge at LBH 144; Michno, Lakota Noon, 25 Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 156 In Gall’s camp at LBH Pengra, “Foray to Hollywood”, CBHMA Greasy Grass, (May 2013, 7 In Gall’s camp at LBH Pengra, “Foray to Hollywood”, CBHMA Greasy Grass, (May 2013, 7 A little girl at the time of the Battle Viola, Little Bighorn Remembered, 40 Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 161 Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 159 Wife of Long Feather Sprague, Pine Ridge Reservation, 35 11 years old at time of Battle – Born Personal ref: Bruce Brownwolf, 1865, died June 23, 1926 Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Going swimming with Wandering Stands In Timber & Liberty, Medicine & Yellow Robe when Cheyenne Memories, 195 soldiers attacked Mother of Painted Horse Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota, Lead SD Mother of Sitting Bull – Born 1808, Utley, Lance and Shield, 150 & died 1884 338; LaPointe, Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy, 2 Watched the Battle – Attended the Thompson, Custer’s Winners of th 60 anniversary of the Battle the West, p 148 Wife of His White Horse Burdick, Tragedy in the Great Sioux Camp, picture/caption Son of Red Woman and Sitting Bull Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, – Was kicked in the head by a Lakota, Lead SD; LaPointe, horse – Born 1870, died 1876 Sitting Bull: His life and Legacy, 2 Son of Crazy Woman and White Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Rabbit Lakota, Lead SD Daughter of the elder Black Elk – Surrendered with Crazy Horse – May have been present at the Battle
Powers, The Killing of Crazy Horse, 334
Non-Combatants LBH Name
Also Known As
Holy Lodge
Holy Rock
Tribe & Band Sans Arc Lakota Oglala Lakota Blackfeet Lakota Lakota
Holy Woman Horn Cloud, Joseph Julia Face
Oglala Lakota Lakota
Kills Twice Kingman, Harry
Sans Arc Lakota Lakota
Larrabee, Lucilee Laugher
Lakota
Limberhand
Little Chief
Northern Cheyenne Northern Cheyenne Lakota
Little Elk
Lakota
Little Face
Southern Cheyenne
Little Ghost
Santee Dakota
Limpy, Mrs
Little Soldier
Henry Sitting Hunkpapa Bull Lakota
Little Voice
Hona
Remarks Wife of White Bull - Died 1894
10 years old at the time of the Battle Daughter of Kill Eagle A young boy at the time of the Battle Wife of Thunder Hawk, Brule Too young to fight, 8 years old, but he held the Warriors’ horses Witnessed the Battle at age 10 – Born 1866, died 1956 In the village at the Battle – Age 90 in 1962 Surrendered with Crazy Horse – May have been at the LBH Infant cousin of Limber Bones Shot in the breast during the Battle Four years old at the time of the Battle Young girl at the Battle
Born 1864, died 1961 - 12 years old at the time of Battle - Son of Roman Nose Four year old son of Inkpaduta and fishing with Inkpaduta when Reno attacked Son of Four Robes Woman & stepson of Sitting Bull – Born 1867, died 1955 Brother of Deeds – With Deeds when he was killed
Reference Hardorff, Lakota Recollections, 108; Hardorff, Indian Views of the Custer Fight, 150 Viola, Little Bighorn Remembered, 66 Graham, Custer Myth, 53 Jensen, Voices of the American West Vol. 1, 241 Hardorff, Lakota Recollections, 187-192 www.civilization.ca (See LBH Bibliography) Paulson, Who’s Who Among the Sioux, 115-116 2 photos with caption, LBH Battlefield Photo Registry #09410942 Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger, 162 Viola, Little Bighorn Remembered, 33 Liberty, A Northern Cheyenne Album, 7, 50-51 & 81 Burbank, Burbank Among the Indians, 138 Kohler, “Telling the Greasy Grass Story”, CBHMA Greasy Grass, (May 2013), 23 Michno, Mystery of E Troop, 109110 Beck, Inkpaduta: Dakota Leader, 136 Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota, Lead SD; LaPointe, Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy, 42-43 & 103 Hardorff, Indian views of the Custer Fight, 138 & 182-183; Hardorff, Hokahey, 20 “Chief Who Saw Custer Battle Site Is Dead”, news clipping dateline Miles City, (Aug 17, 1946) Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota, Lead SD; LaPointe, Sitting Bull, His Life and Legacy, 2 Miller, Custer's Fall, 168-170
Littlebird, Peter
Cheyenne
Too young to be a Warrior, saw women round up the horses after the Battle – Died 1946
Lodge In Sight
Hunkpapa Lakota
Daughter of Four Robes Woman and Sitting Bull – Born 1875, died 1898
Mahwissa
Southern Cheyenne Hunkpapa
Visiting Northern Cheyenne relatives Daughter of Snow On Her & Sitting LaPointe, Sitting Bull: His Life
Many Horses
Non-Combatants LBH Name
Also Known As
Tribe & Band Lakota Northern Cheyenne
Remarks
Bull – Born 1865, died 1897 Medicine Top Son of Box Elder – Discussed battlefield maps in detail with Marquis Medicine Wolf, Cheyenne A little girl and her parents hid her Augusta in a bush during the Battle Meotzi Monahsetah Southern White Cow Bull saw her in the Cheyenne village – Died Jan 1921 Nation Lakota Wife #3 of White Swan, married 1868 – Mother of Edward Swan Noisy Paul Noisy Brule Lakota Said soldiers shot in nearly every direction Old Bull, Daniel Red Bird Northern A young boy, his father, Old Bull, Cheyenne was in the Battle – Born 1869, died 1955 One That Searches Pretty Feather Woman Quill Dress
Red Cane Red Eagle, Martha Red Fox, William Red Hat
Sadie Whiteman
Red Hood
Red Nose Red Top Knot Red Whirlwind Woman Ree
Scarlet Woman
Refuses Them
John Sitting Bull
Ridge Walker, Mrs. Meneha
Runs In Sight Seen By Her Nation
Reference and Legacy, p 2 & 43 Marquis, Cheyennes of Montana, 42; Powell, Sweet Medicine, 154 Chapman, Promise, 169
Michno, Lakota Noon, 31 & 389; Marquis, Custer on the LBH, 35 Personal ref: Bruce Brownwolf, Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Hardorff, Indian Views of the Custer Fight, 171-172 Stands In Timber & Liberty, Cheyenne Memories, 49 & 209; Stands In Timber & Liberty, A Cheyenne Voice, 47, 344 & 400 Lakota Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 161 Minnikojou Wife of Makes Room Hardorff, Indian Views of the Lakota Custer Fight, 152 Northern 13 years old at time of Battle – We Schwartz, The Last Contrary, 22; Cheyenne took watches, guns, spurs…hid Pearson, “Sadie & the Missing them where rattlesnakes live – Died Custer Battle Papers”, Montana, 1950, age 87 The Magazine of Western History, Helena MT, (Autumn 2004), 12-17 Brule Lakota Wife of Fool Bull Hook, Warriors LBH, 38 Sans Arc Born Jan 1 1854, died Oct 26, 1936 Personal ref: Dewey Bad Warrior, Lakota – Daughter of Elk Head Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Oglala Born 1870 - Was close enough to Paulson, Who’s Who Among The Lakota hear the firing at the Battle Sioux, 190 Southern Son of Lame White Man and Twin Powell, Sweet Medicine, 114; Cheyenne Woman Michno, Lakota Noon, 198-199 Northern 2 day old baby, son of Wolf Marquis, letter to Brininstool Cheyenne Medicine Cheyenne Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the Battle Ledger, 156 Hunkpapa Wife of One Bull Michno, Lakota Noon, 27 Lakota Lakota Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 161 Hunkpapa Deaf mute son of Seen By Her Personal ref: Ernie LaPointe, Lakota Nation and stepson of Sitting Bull – Lakota, Lead SD; LaPointe, Born 1865, died 1954 Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy, 42-43 & 103 Northern A little girl at the Battle who sat and Reno, Reno and Apsaalooka, Cheyenne waited for the fighting to end p 301; Wright, “Last Link With Last Stand”, Billings Gazette, (Sept 20, 1969) Lakota Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 162 Hunkpapa Wife of Sitting Bull – Born 1846, LaPointe, Sitting Bull: His Life Lakota died 1897 and Legacy, 2 & 113-114
Non-Combatants LBH
Shadow Comes In Sight
Tribe & Band Northern Cheyenne
Sharp Nose
Cheyenne
Shell Woman Short Woman
Minnikojou Lakota Cheyenne
Shout At
Lakota
Name
Also Known As
Sitting Man, Charles Spotted Hawk
Wolf Necklace
Spotted Horn Bull, Mrs.
Beautiful Hunkpapa White Cow Lakota or Pretty White Buffalo Woman Oglala Lakota
Standing Bear, Emily Standing Holy Steals Horses
Rattlesnake
Northern Cheyenne Northern Cheyenne
Hunkpapa Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota
Swan, Edward
Lakota
Swan, Walter
Lakota
Swift Dog
Lakota
Tall Whiteman
Northern Cheyenne
Tangled Yellow Hair, James Tiopa
Northern Cheyenne Lakota
Touch On Head Press On Head
Minnikojou Lakota
Twin
Northern Cheyenne
Remarks
Reference
Son of Left Hand Shooter - Left with White Bull (Ice) after the Battle & traveled with Crazy Horse Surrendered with Crazy Horse – May have been at the LBH Sister of Lazy White Bull
Powell, People of the Sacred Mountain, 1046
Surrendered with Crazy Horse – May have been at the LBH A young mother in the Indian village - Said” Lots of Indians got wounded and some of their horses got killed” Died 1961, last witness of the Custer fight 7 years old – Told of Indians parading in soldier uniforms the night of the Battle
Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger, 165 Bear Nose, “Shout At”, Westerners Brand Book, Chicago, (March 1962), 7 Stands In Timber & Liberty, Cheyenne Memories, 72 Stands In Timber & Liberty, Cheyenne Memories, 209; Grinnell, Fighting Cheyennes, 354 McLaughlin, My Friend the Indian, 43-47; Michno, Lakota Noon, 23
Watched Battle from west bank of Little Bighorn River
8 years old & swimming in LBH River when Reno appeared
Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger 165 Michno, Lakota Noon, 25
Fox, “West River History”, Legacy: New Perspectives on the Battle of the LBH, 150 Daughter of Sitting Bull & Seen By Hardorff, Indian Views of the Her Nation – Born 1875, died 1926 Custer Fight, 150 12 years old at time of Battle – Hardorff, Lakota Recollections, Witnessed the shooting of his 48 & 210; Hardorff, Hokahey, 39 father, Knife Chief, in the valley & 172; Miller, Indians Who fight - Died 1941- Some sources Fought Custer * say Hunkpapa 2 years old at time of Battle - Born Personal ref: Bruce Brown Wolf, 1874 - Son of White Swan & Nation Lakota, Eagle Butte SD 8 years old at time of Battle - Born Personal ref: Bruce Brown Wolf, 1868 – Son of White Swan & Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Cheyenne Woman Known Lakota Artist – Living at Swanson, Custer: His Life and Cheyenne River Agency 1926 Times, 212; Craige, letter to Shoemaker 5 years old at LBH, watched horses Cain, “Remembering My gallop back and forth where he was Mother…”, Soaring Eagle, hiding in the bushes (Winter 2005) 10 years old at time of Battle – Died Marquis, Cheyennes of Montana, 1935 96 & 100 Fled to Canada with the Lakota – www.civilization.ca (See LBH Cousin of Sitting Bull Bibliography) Wife of Joe Owl King – Mother of Personal ref: Bruce Brown Wolf, William Hard To Kill and Joseph Lakota, Eagle Butte SD Brown Wolf Brother of Wooden Leg Michno, Lakota Noon, 35
Non-Combatants LBH Name
Also Known As
Twin Woman Twin, Fred Two Runs
Constance Two Runs
Uses Her Own Words Walks At Night
Walks Looking Wandering Medicine White Cow Robe White Cow Sees White Necklace Widow
Tribe & Band Southern Cheyenne Lakota Sans Arc Lakota Minnikojou Lakota Cheyenne
Hunkpapa Lakota Northern Cheyenne Oglala Lakota Oglala Lakota Northern Cheyenne Lakota
Wind
Minnikojou Lakota
Without Weapon
Northern Cheyenne
Wool Woman
Northern Cheyenne Southern Cheyenne Hunkpapa Lakota
Yellow Bird Yellow Eyes
Yellow Flower
Cheyenne
Yellow Hair Woman
Northern Cheyenne
Yellow Robe, William
Northern Cheyenne
Young Spotted Elk
Northern Cheyenne
* Pages not numbered
Remarks Wife of Lame White Man Born 1869 – Helped children to safety when soldiers appeared Young son of Elk Head - Born 1860, died Jan 8, 1942 Sister of White Bull
Reference Powell, Sweet Medicine, 114; Michno, Lakota Noon, 199 Madsen, Forgotten Man, 25-26 Miller, Custer's Fall, 57 & 222223 Michno, Lakota Noon, 25
12 years old & swimming in LBH River when the Battle started
Fox, “West River History”, Legacy: New Perspectives on the Battle of the LBH, 151 Daughter of Snow On Her & Sitting LaPointe, Sitting Bull: His Life Bull – Born 1868, died 1887 and Legacy, 2 & 43 Going swimming with Yellow Robe Stands In Timber & Liberty, & Head Swift when soldiers Cheyenne Memories, 195 attacked Wife of Respects Nothing (Fears Michno, Lakota Noon, 26 Nothing) Mother of Black Elk DeMallie, Sixth Grandfather, 102 & 197 Wife of Wolf Chief – Cut off dead Powell, Sweet Medicine, 117 soldier’s head for revenge Surrendered with Crazy Horse – Buecker, Crazy Horse Surrender May have been at the LBH Ledger, 158 Wife of Joe Owl King – Died at Personal ref: Bruce Brown Wolf, Wounded Knee 1890 Lakota, Eagle Butte SD; Dickson, Sitting Bull Surrender Census, 92 Loaned White Elk a horse to ride in Stands In Timber & Liberty, the Battle – Stands In Timber’s Cheyenne Memories, 208 & 302; Grandmother Powell, Sweet Medicine, 125 Mother of Noisy Walking Michno, Lakota Noon, 145 7 year old son of Meotzi
Michno, Lakota Noon, 31
In Sitting Bull’s camp at the Battle, fled to Canada in 1877 – Born 1828, died 1908 at Standing Rock 7 years old at Battle, years later said Custer arrived east of the Cheyenne camp Walked on the battlefield and saw women dancing and singing victory songs Going swimming with Wandering Medicine & Head Swift when soldiers attacked – Died March 1957
Personal ref: Dorothy Eiken, Great Great Granddaughter, California MO Smalley, LBH Mysteries, Chapter 5-3 & 12
Saw a group of Lakota and Cheyenne take the suicide vows
Powell, Sweet Medicine, 118
Stands In Timber & Liberty, Cheyenne Memories, 195; Viola, Little Bighorn Remembered, 3436; Hoffman, “Cheyenne Heroes I Have Known….”,Soaring Eagle, (July 28, 2003) Powell, People of the Sacred Mountain, 1007