2-2 Magnetic reed switches [PDF]

Magnetic reed switches

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Application Magnetic reed switches are often used to replace mechanically actuated limit switches with plungers, roller and turning levers and as important connecting element for non-contact limit switches. They can be regarded as a complement to the plunger, roller and turning head-operated limit switches and as an important addition to non-contact proximity switches. They are preferably used where mechanically actuated limit switches no longer function satisfactorily due to unfavourable operating conditions such as high or low startup speeds, high switching frequencies, strong dust or dirt influence, high humidity, chemical atmospheres or large fluctuations in operation intervals. The magnetic reed switches consist of two units, the switch and the actuating magnet. The contacts of the switch are protected from dust, humidity and corrosion through the enclosed glass tube. Magnetic reed switches thus have an extraordinarily high contact reliability. The enclosures are made of thermoplastic; the versions for the different applications are rectangular, cylindrical or flat. Magnetic reed switches are fitted with mounting holes, threaded bolts, screwed flanges or on C-rails. They are provided with a central fixing screw or slotted holes for the adjustment. BN 260 is highly insensitive to transverse misalignment.

Design and function There are normally open (NO), normally closed (NC) and bistable contacts; with some types, the switching conditions are indicated by LED. The switches are actuated with actuating ma-

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gnets with and without enclosure. The switching distances are different depending on the strength. In order to avoid malfunctions, the actuating planes are provided with symbols. Depending on the application, magnetic reed switches with pre-wired cable, cable entry or connectors are available. Protection class is up to IP 67.

Voltage and current diagrams Magnetic reed switches can switch different currents with different voltages. As the switching delay is not uniform for each switch, these values are represented in the U-I diagrams. The X-axis represents the voltage, the Y-axis the corresponding current.

A Technological background The switches of magnet reed switches tend to sticking, when the specified maximum current intensity is exceeded. Contact stikking can also occur when very long connecting cables are used. To avoid this phenomenon, compensation coils can be used. In the event of magnetic reed switches being fitted too close to one another, mutual interference can occur – this can be avoided by means of shielded plates. In the BN 85-5 and BN 325, these shielded plates are already integrated in the enclosure. If magnetic reed switches are appropriately fitted and maintained, they can feature very long lifetimes. The non-contact, low-force operated switches are not subject to wear on the actuating surface either and therefore have an almost unlimited life. Similar to mechanical snap action switches, magnet reed switches have a hysteresis, i.e. their switch-on and switch-off point do not coincide. This feature is a result of the difference in the start and stop excitation of the reed contacts.

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Magnetic reed switches Actuating direction and switching Depending on the version, magnetic reed switches can be actuated from different sides. For each type, the actuating direction between magnet and switch and the recommended distance between these components are indicated with arrows. Furthermore, the switching diagram is represented with the switching behaviour in the different directions. These switching points are not identical due to the hysteresis.

In other words: Bistable contacts usually are only actuated with one magnetic pole (north or south). All other magnetic reed switches are actuated with the north and the south pole.

1 NC contact with N-S actuating magnet

1 bistable contact with N actuating magnet

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1 NO contact with N-S actuating magnet

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1 bistable contact with S actuating magnet

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Legend BN BN: E: P: N: S: r: _2: s:

(non-contact) magnetic reed switch electromagnet magnet pole North (green) South (red) latching non-encapsulated magnet switching distance

S

Switching Contact open

Contact closed

If the magnet is installed onto a metal plate, the switching distance for the bistable contact increases.

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