Idea Transcript
100
DAFTAR PUSTAKA Afrida A. 2009. Pengaruh pemupukan fosfor terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) di dataran tinggi. Skripsi. Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Anand T, Kumar GP, Ilaiyaraja N, Khanum F, Bawa AS. 2012. Effect of asiaticosida rich extract from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. on physical fatigue induced by weight-loaded forced swim test. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 7(9):832-841. Anwar R. 1988. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun gamal Gliricidia sepium (Jacq) Steud. Terhadap beberapa nilai hematologis tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus strain albino. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Atukorala, TMS, Waidyanatha US de S. 1987. Zinc and copper content of some common foods. J. Natn. Sci. Coun. Sri Lanka, 15(1): 61-69. Aziz ZA et al. 2007. Production of asiaticoside and madecassoside in Centella asiatica in vitro and in vivo. Biologia Plantarum, 51 (1): 34-42. Babu TD, Kuttan G, Padikkala J. 1995. Cytotoxic and anti-tumour properties of certain taxa of umbelliferae with special reference to Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 48: 53-57. Baune BT, Wiede F, Braun A, Golledge J, Arolt V, Koerner H. 2008. Cognitive dysfunction in mice deficient for TNF- and its receptors. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 147B(7):10561064. Bermawie N, Purwiyanti S, Mardiana. 2008. Keragaan sifat morfologi, hasil dan mutu plasma nutfah pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban.). Bul. Littro, 19(1):1- 17. Borchers AT et al. 1997. Complementary Medicine: A review of immunomodulatory effects of Chinese herbal medicines. Am J Clin Nutr, 66: 1303-12. Buckle KA, Edward RA, Fleet GH, Wootton M. 2007. Ilmu Pangan. Purnomo H, Adiono, Penerjemah; Jakarta: UI-Press. Terjemahan dari: Food Science. Celio MR. 1990. Calbindin D-28k and parvalbumin in the rat nervous system. Neuroscience, 35:375-47.
Chard PS, Bleakman D, Christakost S, Fullmer CS, Miller RJ. 1993. Calcium buffering properties of calbindin D28k and parvalbumin in rat sensory neurones. Journal of Physiology, 472:341-357. Cotter D, Mackay D, Landau S, Kerwin R, Everall I. 2001. Reduced glial cell density and neuronal size in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 58:545-553. Defagot MC, Malchiodi EL, Villar MJ, Antonelli MC. 1997. Distribution of D4 dopamine receptor in rat brain with sequence-specific antibodies. Molecular Brain Research, 45:1-12. devRies HA, Housh TJ. 1994. Physiology of exercise for physical education, athletics and exercise science. 5th ed. Brown & Benchmark Publishers, Medison, Wisconsin Dubuque, Iowa. Driscoll et al. 2003. The Aging Hippocampus: Cognitive, biochemical and structural findings. Cerebral Cortex, 13:1344-1351. Farouq. 2003. Ekstrak sebagai salah satu pengembangan bentuk obat tradisional. Seminar POKJANAS TOI XXIII. Unversitas Pancasila, Jakarta. hal. 12. Gnanapragasam et al. 2007. Adriamycin induced myocardial failure in rats: Protective role of Centella asiatica. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 294: 55–63. Gupta S, Lakshmi AJ, Manjunath MN, Prakash J. 2005. Analysis of nutrient and antinutrient content of underutilized green leafy vegetables. LWT, 38: 339– 345. Hamid AA, Shah ZM, Muse R, Mohamed S. 2002. Characterisation of antioxidative activities of various extracts of Centella asiatica (L) Urban. Food Chemistry, 77: 465–469. Harborne JB. 1987. Metode fitokimia: Penuntun cara modern menganalisis tumbuhan. K Padmawinata, I Sudiro, penerjemah; Bandung: ITB. Terjemahan dari: Phytochemical Method. Harborne JB. 1996. Metode Fitokimia: Penuntun cara modern menganalisis tumbuhan. K Padmawinata, I Sudiro, Penerjemah; Bandung: ITB. Terjemahan dari: Phytochemical Method. Hartanto H. 1996. Penuaan dan Kapasitas Kerja. Doewes M, penerjemah; Jakarta: EGC Penerbit Buku Kedokteran. Terjemahan dari: Aging and working capacity. Hartog A, Smit HF, M van der KV, Hoijer MA, Garssen J. 2009. In vitro and in vivo modulation of cartilage degradation by a standardized Centella asiatica
fraction. Experimental Biology and Medicine, first published online March 23, as doi:10.3181/0810-RM-298. Hinwood M, Ross JT, Janine LC, Sarah BB, Trevor AD, Walker FR. 2012. Chronic Stress Induced Remodeling of the Prefrontal Cortex: Structural reorganization of microglia and the inhibitory effect of minocycline. Cereb. Cortex, June 17 Hong SS, Kim JH, Hong L, Shim CK. 2005. Advanced formulation and pharmacological activity of hydrogel of the titrated extract of C. asitica. Arch Pharm Res, 28 (4): 502-508. Hussin et al. 2007. Protective effect of Centella asiatica extract and powder on oxidative stress in rats. Food Chemistry, 100: 535–541. Indrayan AK, Sharma S, Durgapal D, Kumar N, Kumar M. 2005. Determination of nutritive value and analysis of mineral elements for some medicinally valued plants from Uttaranchal. Current Science, 89(7): 1252-1255. Jacobsen et al. 2004. Relationship of hemoglobin levels to fatigue and cognitive functioning among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 28(1):7–18. Jayathirtha MG, S H Mishra. 2004. Preliminary immunomodulatory activities of methanol extracts of Eclipta alba and Centella asiatica. Hytomedicine International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 11(4):361365. Jones PJ, Jew S. 2007. Functional food Development: Concept to reality. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 18(7): 387-390. Joshi, H, Parle M. 2006. Brahmi rasayana improves learning and memory in mice. eCAM, 3(1):79–85. Kettenmann H, Hanisch UK, Noda M, Verkhratsky A. 2011. Physiology of microglia. Physiol Rev, 91: 461-553. Khan ZU, Gutierrez A, Martin R, Penafiel A, Rivera A, Calle ADL. 1998. Differential Regional and Cellular Distribution of Dopamine D2-Like Receptors: An immunocytochemical study of subtype-specific antibodies in rat and human brain. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology, 402:353-371. Kim et al. 2007. Enhanced production of asiaticoside from hairy root cultures of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban elicited by methyl jasmonate. Plant Cell Rep, 26: 1941–1949.
Kim OT, Kim MY, Hong MH, Ahn JC, Hwang B. 2004. Stimulation of asiaticoside accumulation in the whole plant cultures of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban by elicitors. Plant Cell Rep, 23:339–344. Kiuru P, Kirigua VO, Mukiama TK, Mathini K, Cheluget W, Manyeki L. 2010. Effect of media substrates on growth and yield of pennywort (Centella asiatica (L.). 12th KARI Scientific Conference Proceeding. 593-596. Komarawinata HD. 2007. Budidaya dan pascapanen tanaman obat untuk meningkatkan kadar bahan aktif. Unit Riset Pengembangan PT. Kimia Farma. Kormin S. 2005. The effect of heat processing on triterpene glycosides and Antioxidant activity of herbal pegaga (Centella asiatica L. Urban) drink. Thesis. Engineering (Bioprocess) Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Kristina NN, Kusumah ED, Lailani PK. 2009. Analisis fitokimia dan penampilan polapita protein tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica) hasil konservasi in vitro. Bul. Littro, 20(1):11 – 20. Kurniasari D. 1999. Identifikasi dan uji senyawa alkaloid daun tembakau terinfeksi Virus Mozaik. Skripsi. Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Kurniawati A, Darusman LK, Rachmawati RY. 2005. Pertumbuhan, produksi dan kandungan triterpenoid dua jenis pegagan (Centella asiatica L. (Urban) sebagai bahan obat pada berbagai tingkat naungan. Bul. Agron, 33(3): 62 – 67. Lailani PK. 2008. Analisis keragaman protein dan fitokimia tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica) hasil perbanyakan in vitro. Skripsi. Program Studi Biokimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Lee, HB, Blaufox MD. 1985. Blood volume in the rat. J Nucl Med, 25:72-76. Lee et al. 2000. Asiatic acid derivatives protect cultured cortical neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol. 108: 75–86. Lehninger AL. 1982. Dasar-dasar biokimia. Thenawidjaya M, Penerjemah; Jakarta: Erlangga. Terjemahan dari: Principles of Biochemistry. Leranth C, Ribak CE. 1991. Calcium-Binding Proteins are Concentrated in the CA2 Field of the Monkey Hippocampus: A possible key to this region's resistance to epileptic damage. Exp Brain Res, 85(1):129-36.
Linder MC. 2006. Biokimia nutrisi dan metabolism dengan pemakaian secara klinis. Ed. M.C. Linder. (Penerjemah Aminuddin Parakkasi). UI-PRESS. Lusiana H. 2009. Isolasi dan uji anti plasmodium secara in vitro senyawa alkaloid dari Albertisia papuana Becc. Tesis. Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Mangas et al. 2008. Triterpenoid saponin content and the expression level of some related genes in calli of Centella asiatica. Biotechnol Lett. 30:1853– 1859. Mato L et al. 2001. Centella asiatica improves physical performance and healthrelated quality of life in healthy elderly volunteer. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 1-7 Maquart et al. 1999. Triterpenes from Centella asiatica stimulate extracellular matrix accumulation in rat experimental wounds. European Journal of Dermatology. 9 (4): 289-96. McAfoose J, Koerner H, Baune BT. 2009. The effects of TNF deficiency on agerelated cognitive performance. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(4): 615-619. Mckittrick et al. 2000. Chronic social stress reduces dendritic arbors in CA3 of hippocampus and decreases binding to serotonin transporter sites. Synapse, 36:85–94. Meutia N, Ibrahim N. 2008. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) peroral pada nafsu makan kadar glukosa dan kadar ghrelin dalam plasma darah tikus. http://repository.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/6172. Musyarofah N, Susanto S, Aziz SA, Kartosoewarno S. 2007. Respon tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica L. Urban) terhadap pemberian pupuk alami di bawah naungan. Bul. Agron. 35(3): 217-224 Newman EA. 2003. Glial cell inhibition of neurons by release of ATP. The Journal of Neuroscience, 23(5):1659-1666. Nugroho AA. 2009. Evaluasi potensi hasil dan mutu enam nomor harapan pegagan (centella asiatica L. (urban)) pada dua lokasi dataran rendah. Skripsi. Program Studi Pemuliaan Tanaman dan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor Nurjanah NN. 2008. Studi karakter agronomi pada 17 aksesi pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban). Skripsi. Program Studi Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Odhav B, Beekrum S, Akula U, Baijnath H. 2007. Preliminary assessment of nutritional value of traditional leafy vegetables in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20:430-435. Padmaja et al. 2002. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay of selected Indian medicinal plants. Fitoterapia, 73: 508–510. Pelvig DP, Pakkenberg H, Stark AK, Pakkenberg B. 2008. Neocortical glial cell numbers in human brains. Neurobiol Aging, 29(11):1754-62. Plaeger SF. 2003. Clinical immunology and traditional herbal medicines. Clin. and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. 10 (3): 337–338. Pramono S. 2005. Penanganan pasca panen dan pengaruhnya terhadap efek terapi obat alam. Seminar Pokjanas TOI XXVIII. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. Bogor. Hal.1-6. Punturee K, Christopher PW, Watchara K, Usanee V. 2005. Immunomodulatory activities of Centella asiatica and Rhinacanthus nasutus extracts. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 6: 396-400. Rajkumar S, Jebanesan A. 2005. Larvicidal and adult emergence inhibition effect of Centella asiatica Brahmi (Umbelliferae) against mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus say (Diptera: Culicidae). African Journal of Biomedical Research, 8: 31 – 33. Rao MKG, Rao MS, Rao GS. 2005. Centella asiatica (Linn) induced behavioural changes during growth spurt period in neonatal rats. Neuroanatomy, 4: 18–23. ______, et al. 2006. Centella asiatica (L.) leaf extract treatment during the growth spurt period enhances hippocampal CA3 neuronal dendritic arborization in rats. eCAM, 3 (3): 349–357. ______, et al. 2007. Enhancement of amygdaloid neuronal dendritic arborization by fresh leaf juice of Centella asiatica (Linn) during growth spurt period in rats. eCAM Advance Access published August 13. Rao VG, Shivakumar HG, Parthasarathi G. 1996. Influence of aqueous extract of Centella as/at/ca (Brahmi) on experimental wounds in albino rats. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 28 : 249-253. Rasyid R, Mahyuddin, Agustin M. 2011. Pemeriksaan kadar kalium dan natrium pada herba Centella asiatica (L) Urban dengan metoda fotometri nyala. Scientia, 1(2): 12-16. Riyadi H, Marliyati SA, Yuliani S, Mulyawanti I, Mirza I. 2011. Pengembangan produk pangan fungsional berbasis pegagan (Centella asiatica) sebagai
peningkat daya ingat. Laporan KKP3T, Institut Pertanian Bogor Bekerjasama dengan Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Sagrawat H, Yaseen KM. 2007. Immunomodulatory Plants: phytopharmacological review. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 1: 248-260.
A
Samy RP, Ignacimuthu, Vincent TKC. 2011. Antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis of Centella asiatica (L.). Nature Precedings: hdl:10101/npre. 2011.6033.1. Satake T, Kamiya K, Yin A, Oishi T, Yamamoto J. 2007. The anti-thrombotic active constituents from Centella asiatica. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30(5): 935— 940. Sharma R, Jaimala. 2003. Alteration of acid phosphatase activity in the liver of gamma irradiated mouse by Centella asiatica. Asian J. Exp. Sci, 17 (1&2): 1-9. Shetty BS, Udupa SL, Udupa AL. 2008. Biochemical analysis of granulation tissue in steroid and Centella asiatica (Linn) treated rats. Pharmacologyonline, 2: 624-632. Shukla et al. 1999. In vitro and in vivo wound healing activity of asiaticoside isolated from Centella asiatica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 65: 1–11. Sidiarto LD, Kusumoputro S. 2003. Memori anda setelah usia 50. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press). Sidik, Mudahar H. 2000. Ekstraksi tumbuhan obat, metode dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi mutunya. Makalah pada seminar sehari Perhipba Komasariat jakarta. Universitas 17 Agustus 1945. Jakarta 8 hal. Sihombing M, Tuminah S. 2011. Perubahan nilai hematologi, biokimia darah, bobot organ dan bobot badan tikus putih pada umur berbeda. Jurnal Veteriner, 12(1): 58-64 Sinambela JS. 2003. Standarrisasi sediaan obat herba. Seminar Nasional Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia XXIII. Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta. Hal.10. Siró I, Kápolna E, Kápolna B, Lugasi A. 2008. Functional food product development, marketing and consumer acceptance: A review. Appetite, 51(3): 456-467. Somchit et al. 2004. Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects of Centella asiatica. Indian J Pharmacol, 36: 377-380.
Sripanidkulchai K, Techataweewan N, Tumsan Y, Pannangrong W, Sripanidkulchai B. 2007. Prevention of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats by extract from leaves of Centella asiatica. Siriraj Med J, 59: 122-124. Sturrock RR. 1976. Changes in the total number of neuroglia, mitotic cells and necrotic cells in the anterior limb of the mouse anterior commnissure following hypoxic stress. J. Anat. 122( 2):447-453. Suaskara IBM, Kusumorini N, Nurhidayat. 2007. Pertumbuhan dan aktivitas anak tikus pada pemaparan Cahaya yang berbeda. http://ejournal.unud.ac.id/ abstrak/naskah%20i%20b%20suaskara%20tikus%20_3_%20rtf.pdf. Subban R, Veerakumar A, Manimaran R, Hashim KM, Balachandran I. 2008. Two new flavonoids from Centella asiatica (Linn.). J Nat Med. 62: 369– 373. Sunarni T, Pramono S, Asmah R. 2007. Flavonoid antioksidan penangkap radikal dari daun kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook f. & Th.). Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 18(3):111-116. Suwantong O, Ruktanonchai U, Supaphol P. 2008. Electrospun cellulose acetate fiber mats containing asiaticoside or Centella asiatica crude extract and the release characteristics of asiaticoside. Polymer, 49: 4239–4247. Taemchuay D, Rukkwamsuk T, Sukpuaram T, Ruangwises N. 2008. A study on antibacterial activity of crude extracts of Asiatic Pennywort and Water Pennywort against Staphylococcus aureus. 34th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand. Temjenmongla, Arun KY. 2005. Anticestodal efficacy of folklore medicinal plants of Naga tribes in North-East India. Afr. J. Trad. CAM, 2 (2): 129 – 133. Teratanavat R, Hooker NH. 2006. Consumer valuations and preference heterogeneity for a novel functional food. Journal of Food Science, 71(7): S533–S541. Thongnopnua P. 2008. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of asiatic acid in human plasma. Thai J. Pharm. Sci. 32: 10-16. Tulving E, Markowitsch HJ. 1998. Episodic and Declarative Memory: Role of the hippocampus. Hippocampus, 8:198–204. Veerendra KMH, Gupta YK. 2002. Effect of different extracts of Centella asiatica on cognition and markers of oxidative stress in rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 79: 253–260.
Wang XS, Duan JY, Fang JN. 2004. Structural features of a polysaccharide from Centella asiatica. Chinese Chemical Letters, 15 (2): 187 – 190. Wang XS, Liu L, Fang JN. 2005. Immunological activities and structure of pectin from Centella asiatica. Carbohydrate Polymers, 60 : 95–101. Wattanathorn et al. 2008. Positive modulation of cognition and mood in the healthy elderly volunteer following the administration of Centella asiatica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 116: 325–332. Widowati L, Pudjiastuti D, Idrari, Sundari D. 1992. Beberapa informasi khasiat keamanan dan fitokimia tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica L. Urban). Warta Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia. 1 (2): 39-42. Wildman REC, Kelley M. 2007. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods. Handbook of nutraceuticals and functional foods. 2nd ed. Edited by Robert E.C. Wildman. CRC Press-Boca Raton London New York. 1-21. Winarno FG. 1997. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. Jakarta: Gramedia. Witter MP. 2007. CA3 and Memory/Review: Intrinsic and extrinsic wiring of CA3: Indications for connectional heterogeneity. Learn. Mem. 14: 705-713. Yoshida et al. 2005. Antiproliferative constituents from umbelliferae plants VII. Active triterpenes and rosmarinic acid from Centella asiatica. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28(1) 173—175. Zaidel DW. 1999. Quantitative morphology of human hippocampus early neuron development. The Anatomical Record, 254:87–91. Zainol MK, Abd-Hamid A, Yusof S, Muse R. 2003. Antioxidative activity and total phenolic compounds of leaf, root and petiole of four accessions of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Food Chemistry, 81: 575–581. Zainol NA, Voo SC, Sarmidi MR, Aziz RA. 2008. Profiling of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban Extract. The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 12 (2): 322 -327. Zhang et al. 2009. Chemical fingerprinting and hierarchical clustering analysis of Centella asiatica from different locations in China. Chromatographia, 69 (1/2): 51–57.