AI lecture [PDF]

A student volunteers to answer a tough question in class, and the teacher comments favorably on the quality of the stude

6 downloads 28 Views 292KB Size

Recommend Stories


AI Regulations 2003_0.pdf
At the end of your life, you will never regret not having passed one more test, not winning one more

lecture radiology [pdf]
The beauty of a living thing is not the atoms that go into it, but the way those atoms are put together.

Lecture 2 PDF File
Your big opportunity may be right where you are now. Napoleon Hill

Lecture Pre-Assigment (pdf)
Suffering is a gift. In it is hidden mercy. Rumi

AI
How wonderful it is that nobody need wait a single moment before starting to improve the world. Anne

AI
Be who you needed when you were younger. Anonymous

AI
If you want to become full, let yourself be empty. Lao Tzu

Lecture is here in PDF
You can never cross the ocean unless you have the courage to lose sight of the shore. Andrè Gide

Lecture photoreceptor function for PDF
I cannot do all the good that the world needs, but the world needs all the good that I can do. Jana

[PdF] Ebook Download AI for Game Developers
Ask yourself: Am I holding onto something I need to let go of? Next

Idea Transcript


Human Learning I. Classical Conditioning Event-Event Learning--organism learns that Event #1 is a reliable predictor of Event #2 How? Contiguity and contingency



Example of Classical Conditioning



II. Operant Conditioning Response-Consequence Learning--an organism’s behavior changes because of the consequences that follow the behavior. Why? Law of Effect (E. L. Thorndike) “Of several responses made to the same situation, those which are accompanied or closely followed by satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected to the situation, so that, when it (the situation) recurs, they will be more likely to recur.” Further, the consequence is contingent on the response being made reinforcement—the contingency that results when the consequence of a behavior causes the future probability of that behavior to INCREASE punishment—the contingency that results when the consequence of a behavior causes the future rate of the behavior to DECREASE… Examples of Operant Conditioning A student volunteers to answer a tough question in class, and the teacher comments favorably on the quality of the student’s contribution. A child presents a bad report card to his parents and is sent to his room with no supper. III. Observational/Social Learning Occurs by watching and imitating actions of another person or by noting consequences of a person’s actions...occurs before direct practice is allowed For observational learning to be effective: Pay attention to model. Remember what was done. Be able to reproduce modeled behavior. If a model is successful or his/her behavior is rewarded, behavior more likely to be imitated. Examples of Observational Learning Bandura's BoBo doll experiment IV. Cognitive Learning Attkinson & Shiffrin (1968) model is representative of the cognitive perspective Distinguished between structural and processing components of memory The structure is thought to be those parts of the memory system that do not change

Three structures: (1) sensory registers, (2) STS, (3) LTS Information transfer from STS to LTS under person's control (control processes) Repetition of an item (even if unaware) leads to better performance Two main control processes in STS—rehearsal and retrieval Recent theory and research has focused on three learning/memory processes

Encoding Levels of Processing—Craik & Lockhart (1972) suggested that processing was more important than the underlying structure of memory A. Four assumptions: (1) Memory is result of a series of analyses performed on the to-be-processed information. Shallow level vs. deep level (2) The deeper the level, the more durable the resulting memory. Focusing on the meaning of the to-be-remembered item should lead to a stronger memory, rather than focusing on how the item sounds. (3) Rehearsal will be beneficial only to the extent that it induces a deeper level processing. Elaborative vs. maintenance rehearsal **Deep levels of processing encourage recall because of two factors: Elaboration--processing focuses on how the items fit together Distinctiveness--processing focuses on how a stimulus is different from other items

Storage How is information organized in memory?







Retrieval Major factor--degree of overall match between conditions at encoding and conditions at retrieval

Smile Life

When life gives you a hundred reasons to cry, show life that you have a thousand reasons to smile

Get in touch

© Copyright 2015 - 2024 PDFFOX.COM - All rights reserved.