An Introduction to C++ [PDF]

Dedication. These notes are dedicated to the people who have implemented the gcc suite of software, to. Dinkumware and t

76 downloads 16 Views 1MB Size

Recommend Stories


An Introduction to C++
It always seems impossible until it is done. Nelson Mandela

An introduction to PDF
Those who bring sunshine to the lives of others cannot keep it from themselves. J. M. Barrie

PDF An Introduction to Banking
Ask yourself: What kind of person do you enjoy spending time with? Next

AN INTRODUCTION TO CROSSED PRODUCT C
At the end of your life, you will never regret not having passed one more test, not winning one more

PDF [(Beyond the C++ Standard Library: An Introduction to Boost )]
Ask yourself: When was the last time I did something nice for others? Next

Introduction to C Language
You're not going to master the rest of your life in one day. Just relax. Master the day. Than just keep

Introduction to CUDA C
In the end only three things matter: how much you loved, how gently you lived, and how gracefully you

[PDF] Introduction to Programming with C++
Never let your sense of morals prevent you from doing what is right. Isaac Asimov

Read PDF Introduction to Programming with C++
Learning never exhausts the mind. Leonardo da Vinci

Introduction to C++
Ask yourself: What is something you regret doing? Next

Idea Transcript


An Introduction

to C++

Abstract The aim of the notes is to provide an introduction to the C++ programming language. Author: Ian D Chivers Email: [email protected], [email protected] Version: 9.00 Date: November 2006 © Ian D Chivers. Permission to copy all or part of this work is granted, provided that the copies are not made or distributed for resale (except a nominal copy fee may be charged), and provided that the Author, Copyright, & No Warranty sections are retained verbatim and are displayed conspicuously. If anyone needs other permissions that aren’t covered by the above, please contact the author. No Warranty: This work is provided on an as is basis. The author provides no warranty whatsoever, either express or implied, regarding the work, including warranties with respect to its merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. All comments welcome.

Dedication These notes are dedicated to the people who have implemented the gcc suite of software, to Dinkumware and to Microsoft. Gcc and g++ The gcc home page is · http://gcc.gnu.org/ The following comments are taken from their home page. GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection, includes front ends for C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Java, and Ada, as well as libraries for these languages (libstdc++, libgcj,...). We strive to provide regular, high quality releases, which we want to work well on a variety of native and cross targets (including GNU/Linux), and encourage everyone to contribute changes and help testing GCC. Our sources are readily and freely available via CVS and weekly snapshots. Major decisions about GCC are made by the steering committee, guided by the mission statement. GCC steering committee members The steering committee consists of the following members. The best place to reach them is the gcc mailinglist. Per Bothner, Joe Buck (Synopsys), David Edelsohn (IBM), Kaveh R. Ghazi, Jeffrey A. Law (Red Hat), Marc Lehmann (Technische Universität Karlsruhe), Jason Merrill (Red Hat), David Miller (Red Hat), Mark Mitchell (CodeSourcery), Toon Moene (Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut), Gerald Pfeifer (SUSE), Joel Sherrill (OAR Corporation), Jim Wilson (Specifix Inc) Membership in the steering committee is a personal membership. Affiliations are listed for identification purposes only; steering committee members do not represent their employers or academic institutions. Dinkumware The Dinkumware home page is ·

http://www.dinkumware.com/ They provide the only standard C++ library at this time. Microsoft

You've all done a great job!

Contents

3

Table of Contents

1 Overview...............................................................................................................16 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2

1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

Aims............................................................................................................................16 Assumptions ...............................................................................................................16 Web resources ............................................................................................................16 Additional material.....................................................................................................17 Compilers and Standards............................................................................................19 Free and low cost compilers ............................................................................................20 Contents of the standard...................................................................................................20

Old and New...............................................................................................................21 Coda............................................................................................................................21 Course Details ............................................................................................................22 Problems .....................................................................................................................22

2 An Introduction to Programming Languages and Object Oriented Programming ...................................................................................................................24 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.15.1 2.15.2 2.15.3 2.15.4 2.15.5 2.15.6 2.15.7 2.15.8 2.15.9 2.15.10 2.15.11 2.15.12 2.15.13 2.15.14

2.16 2.16.1 2.16.2 2.16.3 2.16.4

2.17 2.18 2.18.1 2.18.2

2.19 2.20 2.20.1 2.20.2 2.20.3 2.20.4 2.20.5 2.20.6

Fortran 66, 1966 .........................................................................................................24 Pascal, 1975, ANSI & BSI 1982, ISO 1983, Extended Pascal 1991?......................24 Fortran 77, 1978 .........................................................................................................25 C, K&R 1978, Standard 1989. ...................................................................................25 Modula 2, 1982, Standard 1996? ...............................................................................25 Ada, ISO 8652: 1987 .................................................................................................25 C++, 1986, Standard November 1997 .......................................................................25 Oberon 2, Late 1980’s, early 1990’s. ........................................................................25 Fortran 90, 1991. ........................................................................................................26 Eiffel, 1988 .................................................................................................................26 Ada, ISO 8652: 1995 .................................................................................................26 Java .............................................................................................................................26 Visual Basic................................................................................................................27 Language Comparison................................................................................................27 Language Features......................................................................................................29 Independent Compilation .................................................................................................29 Separate Compilation .......................................................................................................29 Concrete ; char lowercase[]="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; char ch; int i; int ic; int usize=sizeof(uppercase)/sizeof(char); int lsize=sizeof(lowercase)/sizeof(char); cout

Smile Life

When life gives you a hundred reasons to cry, show life that you have a thousand reasons to smile

Get in touch

© Copyright 2015 - 2024 PDFFOX.COM - All rights reserved.