BIM and GIS for the Built Environment Lifecycle standard as an integrating framework
Dr Väino Tarandi Professor, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm Stockholm 2016-05-19
Agenda • The Lab – goals • BIM and GIS – how they integrate • Integration of actors, processes and information o o o o
Standardization Collaboration Concepts, topology and life cycle Heterogeneous models
• Standards o IFC – buildings, alignment, roads, bridges, …. o PLCS – life cycle support
• Applying PLCS o Import of multiple heterogeneous models o Export of selected parts
• Case studies / experiments • Conclusions
The Lab
Sustainable Urban Collaboration Hub - SUCH
Source: Pouryia Parsanezhad, KTH
Purpose, goals and challenges (Lab) The main purpose with establishing the BIM Collaboration Lab is to perform advanced research and development on through life support • The vision of the unbroken informationflow when using BIM and GIS • open data – i.e. o o o o
Computable Object oriented, structured Understandable – common concepts! Standardized – international if possible
BIM, what is that? BIM (Building Information Model / Modeling) Building Information Modeling (BIM) is defined as a technology to create, communicate and analyse Building Information Models (BIM). • Building models contain digital objects representing buildings and infrastructural complexes with related spaces, building elements and components. • The objects can be associated with computable geometry, spatial information, data attributes and parametric rules. • The digital objects contain data that describe all relevant characteristics for analyses and work processes needed to perform controls and simulations of the functions and processes of the represented construction entities over their whole lifecycle. (Eastman, et al. 2011, p 16).
BIM Handbook, second edition, Chuck Eastman, et al., John Wiley (2011)
Information for a building element Locations
Identification (and Classification) IfcWall: Basiswand:MW 17.5:98046 GUID: 3G_7N62zbD$BUYR_Q8WHAt
Properties Documents(link) Relations Geometry
Why standards? - Rates of Change Life of Operating System: 18 months Life of Computer: 3 years Time between CAD Versions: 6 months Life of CAD System: 10 years Life of Product: 70 years + time
3. Our view on Req Mgmt, CM and PLM
Collaboration - Principles Single system environment + − − −
Configuration management, tracing, etc High initial cost No room for best of breed Impossible to impose in collaboration
Separate systems joined in point-to-point transfer + + − − −
Low initial cost for integration Best of breed system selection Impossible configuration management, tracing, etc No information control and assurance High cost of ownership
Stdformat
Separate systems joined in via information hub + Configuration management, tracing, etc + Low initial cost + Information control and assurance also across the EE + Best of breed system selection
Source: Tarandi, V., 2010, http://www.inpro-project.eu/publications.asp
Std-format
Building Information Modelling Data creation
Object-based
Data exchange
Data management
Model-based Network-based
0
1
2
3
Source: Bilal SUCCAR, Building Information Modelling Framework
Interoperability through standards
Building Information Model “open BIM”
Digital Storage - IFC (ISO 16739)
Source: buildingSMART, http://www.ifd-library.org
PLCS (ISO 10303-239) CityGML LandXML
Lifecycle + breakdown with topology
Objectified topological relation (with effectivity) Life cycle phases
Product breakdown [ISO 12006-2]
Through life support (incl. versioning) [PLCS ISO 10303:239]
Integration of standards for buildings and infrastructure Through Life Support - PLCS
InfraGML
Alignment
Ifc, simple ifcXML, LandXML LandXML
Net-work ISO 191xx based (NVDB, Inspire, etc.)
Common concepts Ifc, simple ifcXML
XML….
XML….
Alignment Road, Railway Bridge
InfraGML
Heterogeneous data models mapped to PLCS
Using PLCS and IFC (& more) PLCS
IFC
» ISO 10303-239
» ISO 16739:2013
− − − − − −
Change Management Versioning Consolidation Requirement Product as realized Maintenance
− − − − −
Building element Material Property Geometry Placement
Other domain specific stds - LandXML. CityGML, …
openBIM
» No single software can manage all the necessary information » For information sharing open standards and standardized interfaces are needed » IFC is today the only available open and international standard for BIM
IFC2x3 Geometry (explicit) B-rep CSG
Geometry (Sweep) volume - extrusion, rotation areas - extrusion, rotation
Topology element connectivity, schematic design
Building Elements Walls, Openings, Doors Roofs, Stairs, Ramps, etc.
Relations between Building Elements Wall Connections Holes Chases Zones
Spaces and Spatial Structure Space Building Storey Building Building Site
Site and Terrain Model Site Site attributes
Source: buildingSMART, http://buildingsmart.be.no:8080/buildingsmart.com/organization
Product Life Cycle Support (PLCS) Introduction »A joint industry and government initiative to accelerate development of new standards for product support information »An international project to produce an approved ISO standard within 4 years − Commenced November 1999 − PLCS, Inc closed down 2004 − Standard published in 2005
»PLCS will ensure support information is aligned to the evolving product definition over the entire life cycle »PLCS extends ISO 10303 STEP - the STandard for Exchange of Product model data
The PLCS way: PDM core (from STEP) »
Notions − Product: » A “thing”, something to manage » Product / version / definition
The Product i.e. the thing to manage
Wall 231
Its version(s)
The context/view (displipline + life cycle stage)
v1
“Architecture Design”
v2
“Architecture Design”
“Structural Design” Product Product_version Product_view_definition
Ex: The Wall with the identifier 231 has 2 versions v1 and v2. V1 exists in the architure design view, v2 exists in the architecture design and structural design views COPYRIGHT EUROSTEP GROUP
The PLCS way: PDM core (from STEP) Notions − Assembly / structure / breakdowns − Effectivity controlled
v1
Wall 231
“Architecture Design”
Assembly_usage can be classified as “IfcRelNests” for instance
Opening ABC
v2
“Architecture Design”
Effectivity Dated_effectivity
View_definition_relationship Product
Product_version
Product_view_definition
relating ”parent”
»
start_date (end_date)
• Assembly relationships in PLCS are subtypes of view_definition_ relationship. This enable to define assembly in the context of a view. • In this example, the version v1 of the Wall 231 is nested by the version v2 of the Opening ABC in the “Architecture Design” view • If we now assign an effectivity on the assembly relationship, we can control the validity of this structure. • It could be a proposed start date to indicate a proposal. COPYRIGHT EUROSTEP GROUP
The PLCS high level model
BRIEFS & SPECIFICATIONS
• R1: Productivity • R2: Low Energy Consumption • R3: Equipment Energy Consumption • R4: Heating Energy Consumption – 90 [kWh/m2]
Req R1 R2 R3 R4
Share-A-space (PLCS) DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
Function
System
Zone
Physical Element
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
Req
• R2: • F3: • Vent1:
Low Energy Consumption Ventilation Ventilation system
Sys
Func R1
F1
Vent1
R2
F2
Stru 1
R3
F3
Vert 1
R4
F4
Hor 1
Share-A-space (PLCS) DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
Function
System
Zone
Physical Element
• Building A: Import of Arch early design • Slabs: Import of Structural early design
2D DRAWINGS
CAD CAD NEUTRAL FORMAT (IFC)
Req
Proj 1
Sys
Func
Wall 1
Build A R1
F1
Vent1
R2
F2
Stru 1
R3
F3
Vert 1
R4
F4
Hor 1
Type
Walls
Floor A:1
Wall 2 Door 1
Floor A:2 Room 1
Slabs Slab 1
Share-A-space (PLCS)
DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
Function
System
Slab 2
Zone
Physical Element
Req
Proj 1
Sys
Func
Wall 1
Build A R1
F1
Vent1
R2
F2
Stru 1
R3
F3
Vert 1
R4
F4
Hor 1
Type
Walls
Floor A:1
Wall 2 Door 1
Floor A:2 Room 1
Slabs Slab 1
Share-A-space (PLCS)
Function
System
Slab 2
DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
DOCUMENTS
NEUTRAL FORMAT (IFC)
CONSTRUCTION & FM
IFC ++
2D DRAWINGS
CAD CAD
Zone
Physical Element
Individual
• Linking R4: Heating Energy Consumption – 90 [kWh/m2] to Room 1
LINKING REQUIREMENTS TO DESIGN
Req
Proj 1
Sys
Func
Wall 1
Build A R1
F1
Vent1
R2
F2
Stru 1
R3
F3
Vert 1
R4
F4
Hor 1
Type
Walls
Floor A:1
Wall 2 Door 1
Floor A:2 Room 1
Slabs Slab 1
Share-A-space (PLCS)
DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
Function
System
Slab 2
Zone
Physical Element
Individual
• Climate and Energy simulation
Req
SIMULATIONS
Proj 1
Sys
Func
Wall 1
Build A R1
F1
Vent1
R2
F2
Stru 1
R3
F3
Vert 1
R4
F4
Hor 1
Type
Walls
Wall 2
Floor A:1 Floor A:2
Energy= 87
Room 1
Door 1
Slabs Slab 1
Share-A-space (PLCS)
DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
Function
System
Slab 2
Zone
Physical Element
Individual
VALIDATION
Req
• R4: Heating Energy Consumption – 90 [kWh/m2]
Proj 1
Sys
Func
Wall 1
Build A R1
F1
Vent1
R2
F2
Stru 1
R3
F3
Vert 1
R4
F4
Hor 1
Type
Walls
Wall 2
Floor A:1 Floor A:2
Energy= 87
Room 1
Door 1
Slabs Slab 1
Share-A-space (PLCS)
DECISIONS LOGGING & TRACKING
VIEWER & CHECKER (Solibri Model Checker) Requirement
Function
System
Slab 2
Zone
Physical Element
Individual
Mapping of instances of data model X to PLCS and linking them to existing structure
BIM Collaboration Hub Business processes
Information systems Portal
System A
System B
Information modells
System C
System D
Train Train MateX System Mate
System E
Standardized interfaces
Information Document Mgmt System
BIM Coll Hub data
Reference database City Block Building Room Road .....
Case studies / experiments • The BIM Collaboration Hub is now built to support collaboration research based on both input from academia and industry. • Experiments will be used to simulate a situation where organizations collaborate with integrated lifecycle support. • First tests of experiments have been carried out
Solibri Model Checker
IFC
Swedish network std
Swedish Road and Railroad Network std
IFC LandXML
LandXML All geometry mapped to IFC/STEP-std
Detailed Designed Building Roof Version 1
Detailed Designed Building Roof Version 2
Planned construction
Klick on figure for video
Master Thesis 2015 - Eskilstuna
From the Municipality
Analyses Teknisk analys » Hur kommuner kan effektivisera detaljplaneprocessen med hjälp av Share-A-space och integrerad information » Fördelar med att kunna se hur området förändras över tid Social analys » Underlätta social analyser i kommunal planering genom att integrera information i Share-A-Space och göra kopplingar som i ett tidigare skede indikerar eventuella risker och kritiska aspekter.
The Munktell city
Links and nodes
Structures in the city
Extra material – a short animation
Klick on figure for video
Conclusion • These slides present the functionalities of the recently developed BIM Collaboration Lab at KTH • It proposes a collaboration model for sustainable information practices • The whole built environment will be in the scope of the lab research, and use cases / experiments supporting new processes will be identified.
Thank you! For more information:
[email protected]
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