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COMMUNICATION AND INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Department of Media, Culture, and Communication, NYU Communication and International Deveopment MCC-UE 1305

Course Description and Goals This course introduces students to theoretical foundations in historical and contemporary issues in communication, media, information and international development. Topics include state-building, modernization, dependency and globalization, as they concern the ‘Third World.’ Part One of the course focuses on mainstream development, its proponents (such as the UN, the World Bank and international non-profit organizations) and its application. Part Two will delve into the problems of development and expose some of its shortcomings. In Part Three, on Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, the Caribbean, and Asia, each class will be devoted to a particular topic or problem and relevant case studies. This is an upper-level inter-disciplinary course that draws on readings in political science, economics, history, sociology, communications and media research, and public policy. Topics of discussion are international in scope, and encourage cross-linkages between different theoretical concepts and geographical locations. Reading and writing requirements, group work, and independent research (keeping up with global affairs, gaining familiarity with economic terms, looking up historical events, etc.) for this course are required and demanding.

Required Texts All required readings will be available on Blackboard (with the exception of one book that you will have to purchase, see attached list).

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GRADING Grading Policies Students with special needs, either with physical and/or learning disabilities, or religious observances, must come talk to me at the beginning of the semester in order to assure any special needs: extra time for papers; access to materials, etc. Moreover, any student who needs an accommodation due to a chronic, psychological, visual, mobility and/or learning disability, or is Deaf or Hard of Hearing should register with the Moses Center for Students with Disabilities at 212 998-4980, 240 Greene Street, www.nyu.edu/csd You are expected to abide by NYU’s and Steinhardt’s standards of Academic Integrity. See http://steinhardt.nyu.edu/policies/academic_integrity. Cheating or plagiarizing the work of another will result in an automatic F (0%). Additionally, departmental and university policy permits harsher actions, if warranted. If you attend class, do the required work and have a reasonable grasp of the information, you should have no trouble earning at least a C, which indicates satisfactory work. Late papers and assignments will be graded down one decimal point for every day late (24 hours from 11am, including weekends and holidays, i.e. from 3.3 to 3.2). Papers and assignments will NOT be considered once they are more than 5 days late (24 hours from 11am, including weekends and holidays) and will automatically result in an F (0%). Timely and intelligent participation in class is required, and is predicated on completing readings / assignments before class. Your participation grade will decrease by a full decimal point for every class you miss (i.e. from 3.3 to 3.2). You MUST notify me IN ADVANCE if you are going to miss a class or a deadline, and you will need a legitimate excuse (doctor’s note, arrest warrant, etc.).

Grading Standards Grading is on a 4-point scale. A = Excellent. Outstanding work in all respects. Work demonstrates comprehensive understanding and presents thoughtful and creative interpretations, well-focused and original insights, well-reasoned commentary and analysis. B = Good. Work demonstrates complete and accurate understanding of course materials, presents a reasonable degree of insight and broad level of analysis. Work reflects competence but stays at a general or predictable level of understanding. C = Adequate. Work demonstrates adequate understanding but remains superficial, incomplete, vague or expresses some important errors or weaknesses. Work may lack concrete, specific examples and illustrations; writing may be vague or hard to follow. D = Unsatisfactory. Work demonstrates a lack of understanding and fails to express basic aspects of the course. Participation was inadequate or superficial.

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F = Failed. Work was not submitted or completed according to parameters (page length, topical focus, types of sources), or completely failed to express the most basic and elementary aspects of the course. EXPECTATIONS Class Participation 20% Your participation grade is based on presence, punctuality, quantity and, most of all, quality of in-class participation – not just being there, but being an active and intelligent voice. You are expected to come to class prepared to intelligently and critically discuss the readings, audio-visual and/or web assignments. You will sometimes be asked to bring in assignments to class and/or post them on Blackboard. There will be pop quizzes based on readings.

Details of the following will be discussed in class: Mid-Term Exam 20% There will be one take-home exam comprised of short questions, definitions, and essay questions.

Response Papers 20% You will have to write two response papers, one will be on a book (15%), one will be on a film (5%). See attached list for choices.

Country Expert 40% Continent Presentation 5% o Presentations will be done in groups during class o Hand-outs, PowerPoint or other AV materials are strongly encouraged o 30 minutes total o Due February 23 – February 28 (see schedule) Country Presentation 5% o Presentations will be done individually during class o PowerPoint or other AV materials are encouraged o Approximately 7 minutes total (depending on class size) o Due April 19 – May 1 (see schedule) Final paper - Country Profile 30% o 12-20 page report o Due April 17

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SCHEDULE The syllabus is a roadmap at best. While it is intended that the course will follow the schedule below, modifications along the way are inevitable. I will notify you of changes. Readings are also listed in the suggested reading order – this is only to simplify the accumulation of knowledge on your part, especially when it comes to historical events and theoretical vocabulary.

PART 1: DEVELOPMENT ON ITS OWN TERMS Jan. 24: Introductions

Jan. 26: Where/What is the Third World? Hadjor, Dictionary of Third World Terms, pp.1-11. Chandra Talpade-Mohanty “One-Third/Two-Thirds World” pp.41-43. David Turnbull “The Function of Maps” pp.7-15 Janice Monk “Are Things What They Seem to Be? Reading Maps and Statistics” pp.16-26.

Jan. 31: Origins of Development President Truman’s Point Four Message Thomas W. Dichter: “Romance” pp.11-18; “Illusion” pp.19-22 from Despite Good Intentions. W.W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto, pp.290-296.

Feb. 2: The United Nations (UN), the World Bank (WB), and the Millennium Goals Declaration of Human Rights UN report “Investing in Development” (read everything through Chapter 1, inclusive; browse through Chapters 2, 3, and 4) World Bank “Working for a World Free of Poverty” Jeffrey Sachs, The End of Poverty, excerpts Feb. 7: The Workings/Tensions of Developers. Thomas W. Dichter: Preface, pp.ix-xiii; Story 3 “A Straw in the Wind” pp.31-36, and Story 4 “Being Useful or Being Used” pp.37-47. Alexander Stille, ‘Saving Species in Madagascar’

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Feb. 9: Historical Background Gilbert Rist, The History of Development o Ch. 1 “Definitions of Development”, pp.8-24; o Ch. 2 “Metamorphoses of a Western Myth” pp.25-28 and pp.43-46; o Ch. 3 “The Making of a World System”, pp.47-48 and pp.66-68 o Ch. 4 “The Invention of Development” pp.69-79.

Feb. 14: Media, the Magic Multiplier Daniel Lerner. The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East, pp.19-75. Robert Stevenson, from Communication, Development and the Third World, 1988. Ch.2 “The Magic Multiplier” pp.17-33 and Ch. 3 ”Collision with a New Order” pp.35-54

Feb. 16: “IT4D” and “Knowledge Societies” Robert Stevenson, from Communication, Development and the Third World, 1988. Ch.4 “The Record of Communication Development”; Ch.5 “Communication Development for a New Order”; and Ch.6 “The State of Third World Media” Robin Mansell and Uta Wehn, Knowledge Societies: Information Technology for Sustainable Development, 1998, Ch. 1 “Building Innovative ‘Knowledge Societies’” Others TBD: Nokia, Microsoft

Feb. 21: NWICO, WSIS and a “free” Internet Feb. 23: Continent Presentations: Africa, Latin America, Caribbean

Feb. 28: Continent Presentations: Asia, Middle East, Others

PART 2: DOES DEVELOPMENT HELP OR HURT? Mar. 1: Aid, Debt and Poverty Damien Millet and Eric Toussaint, Who Owes Who? 50 Questions About World Debt, pp.1-30, and pp.36-53, and Glossary pp.171-181. Maggie Black “Aid: The International Contribution” pp.30-49 from The No-Nonsense Guide to International Development, 2002. Jan Knippers Black “Inequity in the Global Village” pp.323-329 Michael Yates “Poverty and Inequality in the Global Economy” pp.330-338. Maria Mies “The Myth of Catching-Up Development” pp.150-157.

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Mar. 6: no class. Mid-Term Due via e-mail Today

Mar. 8: Legacies of Colonialism William Appleman Williams “Empire as a Way of Life” pp.81-88 Felix Greene “How it Began” pp.88-97 Jerry Kloby “The Legacy of Colonialism” pp.99-106 Peter Worsley: The Three Worlds, pp.1-16, and pp. 306-344.

Mar. 20: Dependency and Global Capitalism Bb: “C is for Capitalism” Bb: Ankie Hoogvelt, Globalization and the Postcolonial World, Ch. 1 ”The History of Capitalist Expansion” pp.1-28, and Ch.2 “Neocolonialism, Modernization and Dependency” pp.29-42. Bb: Srinivas Melkote & Leslie Steeves, Communication for Development in the Third World, 2001: Ch. 6 “Critique of Communication Approaches in Third World Development”, pp.205-269. Others TBD

Mar. 22: Building an Empire of Dependence Readings TBD Response Paper 1 Due (on book)

PART 3: INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDIES This part of the class is organized by theme, with each class devoted to case studies, examples, and readings that cover an array of ‘Third World’ countries; sometimes the focus will be global, other times regional or national. The readings and discussion will problematize the process of development as they pertain to different aspects of social or political life. The themes may also change depending on global current events and class interests. There may be guest lectures, still to be scheduled. Mar. 27: TBD Mar. 29: Media Representations of Starving, Poor, and War-Torn Africa Apr. 3: Star Power and the Commercialization of Development Apr. 5: Role of NGOs and Humanitarian Organizations in Media/News Production Apr. 10: Oil, Corporate Social Responsibility, Media as a Form of Resistance

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Apr. 12: From Egypt to OWS Apr. 17: Are Alternatives Possible? Final Country Profiles Due in Class Apr. 19: Country Presentations – Africa Apr. 24: Country Presentations – Asia Apr. 26: Country Presentations – Latin America & Caribbean May 1: Country Presentations – Middle East & others May 3: Conclusions Response Paper 2 Due (on film)

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COUNTRY CHOICES Hand-in /email your TOP 3 choices in order of preference NO LATER than January 31 at 11am. Country assignments will be made in-class on January 31. Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Cote D’Ivoire, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Asia: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam

Caribbean / Latin America: Belize, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, French Guiana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay

Middle East: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestinian Territories, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen

Indigenous population in any country/region/continent. Subject to approval no later than January 31.

Other countries subject to approval no later than January 31.

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BOOK & FILM CHOICES ** You may select a book and/or film not on this list. You must provide a brief written explanation and obtain permission from me no later than March 2 for the book and no later than April 4 for the film. Books: A Brief History of Neoliberalism, David Harvey A History of the World in Six Glasses, Tom Standage African Women and ICTs: Creating New Spaces with Technology, Ineke Buskens AIDS and Accusation: Haiti and the Geography of Blame, Paul Farmer An Ordinary Person’s Guide to Empire, Arundhati Roy Banker to the Poor, Muhammad Yunus Blood Diamonds, Greg Campbell Caribbean Pleasure Industry: Tourism, Sexuality, and AIDS in the Dominican Republic, Mark Padilla Coffee: A Dark History, Antony Wild Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, John Perkins Dead Aid, Dambisa Moyo Development as Freedom, Amartya Sen Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America, Michael Taussig Dramas of Nationhood: The Politics of Television in Egypt, Lila Abu-Lughod Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World, Arturo Escobar Fiscal Disobedience: An Anthropology of Economic Regulation in Central Africa, Janet Roitman Forging Peace: Intervention, Human Rights and the Management of Media Space, Monroe Price & Mark Thompson Friction: An Ethnography of Global Connection, Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing Globalization and Its Discontents, Joseph Stiglitz Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond High Tech and High Heels in the Global Economy: Women, Work, and Pink-Collar Identities in the Caribbean, Carla Freeman How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, Walter Rodney Humanitarianism in Question, Michael Barnett & Thomas Weiss Making Aid Work, Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee Markets of Dispossession: NGOs, Economic Development, and the State in Cairo, Julia Elyachar Neoliberal Frontiers: An Ethnography of Sovereignty in West Africa, Brenda Chalfin No Enchanted Palace, Mark Mazower Omnivore’s Dilemma, Michael Pollan Open Veins of Latin America, Eduardo Galeano Planet of Slums, Mike Davis Redeveloping Communication for Social Change, Karin Gwinn Wilkins Shake Hands with the Devil, Romeo Dallaire Signal and Noise: Media, Infrastructure, and Urban Culture in Nigeria, Brian Larkin Sozaboy, Ken Saro-Wiwa Specters of the Atlantic: Finance Capital, Slavery, and the Philosophy of History, Ian Baucom Stolen Harvest: The Hijacking of the Global Food Supply, Vandana Shiva Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History, Sidney Mintz Tastes of Paradise: A Social History of Spices, Stimulants, and Intoxicants, Wolfgang Schivelbusch

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Thai Women in the Global Labor Force, Mary Beth Mills The Bottom Billion, Paul Collier The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger, Marc Levinson The Deportation Regime: Sovereignty, Space, and the Freedom of Movement, Nicholas De Genova & Nathalie Peutz The Elusive Quest for Growth, William Easterly The End of Development, Trevor Parfitt The Future of the Past, Alexander Stille The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History, Samuel Moyn The New Imperialism, David Harvey The Shock Doctrine, Naomi Klein The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy, Pietra Rivoli The White Man’s Burden, William Easterly Vita: Life in a Zone of Social Abandonment, Joao Biehl Films: Bamako, 2006 Black Gold, 2006 Blood, Sweat and Takeaways (TV series, watch at least 2 episodes) Crude Impact, 2006 Crude, 2009 Darwin’s Nightmare, 2004 Death Before Slavery, 2005 Iraq for Sale: The War Profiteers, 2006 Life and Debt, 2001 Peace One Day, 2004 Sweet Crude, 2007 The Devil’s Miner, 2005 The Devil Came on Horseback, 2007 The Empire in Africa, 2006 Wetback, 2005

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Name: Global Knowledge Answer as much as possible, as accurately as possible.

Part 1: Mapping Countries Place as many of the following as you can on the map below: Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Europe Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Cuba, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Korea (North/South/either), Libya, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco, Norway, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Turkey, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam

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Part 2: World Geography List at least five sub-Saharan countries:

Circle any country that you think is NOT part of the European Union (EU): Austria. Belgium. Cyprus. Estonia. France. Ireland. Latvia. Poland. Portugal. Malta. Romania. Slovenia. Spain. Switzerland. United Kingdom.

List at least three South American countries, three Central American countries, and three Caribbean countries:

What do the initials UN stand for, and in what city are the UN headquarters located?

Name at least two European colonial powers:

What is the name of the current ‘head’ of the UN (as of January 1, 2007), what is his/her proper title, and what country is s/he from?

In what country would I find the following? (or continent, if you can’t figure out the country) Manila Montevideo Peshawar Sana’a Tirana

What is ‘The World Bank’?

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Part 3: Mapping the Third World On the map below, color in or clearly mark what you think is the Third World.

Write what your definition of the Third World is:

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