International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition and Health 8th ISANH Congress on
Polyphenols Applications
Abstracts Book
International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition and Health
8th World Congress on
Polyphenols Applications
June 4-6, 2014 – Lisbon, Portugal
Chairmen of the Scientific Committee Marvin Edeas & Andreas Schieber
Local Organising Committee Luisa Bivar Roseiro & Fernanda Borges
ISBN 978-2-35609-073-7
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Welcome to ISANH Polyphenols 2014 World Congress Dear Colleagues, On behalf of the Scientific Committee of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition and Health (ISANH), it is a great pleasure to welcome you to Lisbon Polyphenols 2014, the eighth world congress on polyphenols, which will be held in lovely Lisbon, Portugal, on June 4-6, 2014. The objective of Lisbon Polyphenols Applications World Congress 2014 is to provide a platform for all actors involved in the field of polyphenols, from all over the world to present their research results and development activities in all fields related to polyphenols. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and applications experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration. ISANH Polyphenols 2014 Hot Topics: Microbiota & Mechanistics One of the hot topics which will be highlighted is microbiota and how can we modulate the quality of microbiota by polyphenols. We believe that the beneficial effects of polyphenols coming via there effects on gut bacteria. The other hot topic will be how to target the mechanistic of “oxidative stress and signaliging pathway” by polyphenols. The effects of polyphenols are very subtile. Of course, the originality of ISANH polyphenols 2014 is that we will talk about all polyphenols fields; ingredients, extraction and valorization, innovations… On behalf of the Scientific Committee and ISANH, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to: Alfredo Aires, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Michael Aviram, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel Rafal Bogel-Lukasik, National Laboratory for Energy and Geology, Lisbon, Portugal Mirko Bunzel, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany Marta Correia da Silva, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Daniele Del Rio, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Joana Fangueiro, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Ana Faria, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Charis Galanakis, Galanakis Laboratories, Chania, Greece Jorge Garrido, School of Engineering (ISEP) Polytechnic, Porto, Portugal Diana Jurado Serra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal João Laranjinha, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Solange I. Mussatto, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Rita Negrão, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Amelia Pilar-Rauter, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Elke Richling, Kaiserslautern Technical University, Kaiserslautern, Germany Ana Sanches Silva, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
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I S AN H P O L Y P H E N O L S 2 0 1 3 - B O N N - G E R M A N Y Claudia Santos, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnologica, Oeiras, Portugal Fulgencio D. Saura-Calixto, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain Susana Soares, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Artur Manuel Soares da Silva, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal Fred Stevens, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA Patricia Valentão, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Fabian Weber, University of Bonn, Germany We wish to express our gratitude for the excellent coordination from Luisa Bivar Roseiro & Fernanda Borges. We would like to thank all speakers for their contribution. We would like to thank especially Lisboa Turism, Prof. Jorge Justino from Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Casa de Linhares – Bacalhau de Molho Restaurant and LaborSpirit for their support. We highlight also the support from Libragen, Fruut and Milen Fruits Products. ISANH Polyphenols 2014 is under the patronage of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition and Health (ISANH), the French Society of Antioxidants (SFA), the Japanese Society of Antioxidants (JSA), the University of Porto and the Portuguese Society of Chemistry. We wish you a nice and excellent conference in lovely Lisbon. Pr Marvin Edeas - Pr Andreas Schieber Chairmen of Scientific Committee
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International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition and Health
1998-2014 ISANH is a non-profit-making international organization. In no case, part of its assets or incomes shall benefit to any private or individual partnership or corporation. The aims of ISANH are to: 1. Advance the practical applications of Antioxidants, in all related fields, with particular reference to Health and Nutrition, 2. Analysis and provide recommendations to ISANH’s members, health decision makers and institutions about the last antioxidants trends, uses and problems. This analysis will be done by international qualified team members of ISANH, 3. Transfer the basic researches and data into a real clinical, pharmaceutical and cosmetics applications, 4. Transfer the basic researches and data into a real nutritional and nutraceutical applications in food technology, 5. Bridge antioxidants related users and manufactures of antioxidants measurement instruments, 6. Encourage communication and interaction among researchers, physicians, nutritionists, industrials, food technology and strategic marketing managers through a global antioxidants network, 7. Promote the nutritional and health benefits of antioxidants by exchange ideas, information, education and coordination of International Meetings on antioxidants, 8. Offer a forum for discussions on the late-breaking discoveries in all fields of antioxidants through international publications and internet diffusion, 9. Increase integration and interaction of the various disciplines involved in Antioxidants’ fields.
To access to all advantages of ISANH Membership, register on :
www.isanh.com
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Welcome to ISANH Polyphenols World Congress
On behalf of the Organizing Committee, welcome to the 8th edition of the International Conference on Polyphenols Applications, Lisbon Polyphenols 2014. We would like to take the opportunity to give you some additional information about the meeting arrangements. The Abstract book contains: Speakers’ abstracts (the abstracts of the oral presentations follow the order of the program) The abstract of posters on display Top 5 Ideas from the conference Top 5 Contacts from the conference Planning of 3-days conference ISANH Polyphenols 2014 is divided in two parts: -
Workshop on Polyphenols Valorisation on June 4
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Lisbon Polyphenols Conference on June 5 & June 6
Badges Upon registration you have received your own personal badge. Please wear this badge during the entire meeting including the coffee breaks and lunch. Meeting Rooms All the plenary sessions will be held in the Belem I-II-III. The poster sessions will take place outside the conference hall in the Belem IV. Different stations of coffee breaks will be available: between posters and at the restaurant. The lunches will be held in the Restaurant. The conference secretariat will be located in the area in front of conference hall. Instructions for participants Chairpersons The Chairmen will be seated at the president's table.
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Speakers Speakers are invited to give their Power Point presentations for downloading on the computer to the technical team OUTSIDE AND NOT INSIDE THE CONFERENCE HALL. As the schedule is rather tight and to allow sufficient time for discussions, we would be very much obliged if the timing requirements were respected. Poster Contributors Please ensure that your poster is displayed at the appropriate location, PLEASE RESPECT YOUR POSTER NUMBER. Poster contributors are invited to stand by their poster during the poster sessions. Group Photo A group photo will be realised at 12H30 on Thursday and at 12H30 on Friday with all participants and speakers. Speakers Dinner A dinner is organized on June 5, between speakers and attendees. The pickup from the hotel will be at 19h30 to visit Lisboa. After the visit, the dinner will be held at 20h30. If you are interested, please contact the staff on site. Mobile Phones As a courtesy to the speakers and other delegates, please turn off your mobile phones or to silent whilst in the conference room. Personal Belongings Please keep your valuables and working materials with you at all times. We would advise you to keep your name on the conference notes, as we may not be able to replace these if lost. Neither ISANH Polyphenols 2014 Conference nor the venue can be held responsible for any loss or damage to your property. Questions Please state your name and institution or company before asking your question. Conference Staff Staff at the conference registration desk will be happy to deal with any queries you may have. If we receive any messages for you, they will be announced at the break in the session and can be collected from the desk.
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Top 5 Contacts of ISANH Lisbon Polyphenols 2014 Name : Institution : Contact :
Name : Institution : Contact :
Name : Institution : Contact :
Name : Institution : Contact :
Name : Institution : Contact :
Strategic Contact :
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Top Ideas of ISANH Lisbon Polyphenols 2014
Strategic Remarks :
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8th World Congress on Polyphenols Applications June 4-6, 2014 – Lisbon, Portugal
Table of Contents
Abstracts for Oral Presentation – June 5, 2014 Pages 10 to 43
Abstracts for Oral Presentation – June 6, 2014 Pages 44 to 76
Abstracts for Poster Presentation – by alphabetical order – Pages 77 to 285
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8th International Conference on
Polyphenols Applications Abstracts for Oral Presentation Day 2 – June 5, 2014
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OXIDATIVE STRESS, MICROBIOTA & POLYPHENOLS: WHERE IS THE TARGET? MARVIN EDEAS, MD, PhD Chairman, President of ISANH
[email protected] The notion of oxidative stress, antioxidants and redox regulation is largely changed. New strategic players allowed us to better take en consideration the complexity and subtlety of the signaling pathway witch control many genes expression : The mitochondria and microbiota. Many data highlighted the intriguing relationship between mitochondria and microbiota. Based on the bacterial origin of mitochondria, microbiota and mitochondria shares common physical and functional features. As consequence it may not be a surprise that the eukaryotic host uses similar systems for destruction of bacterial and mitochondrial membrane (autophagy) or modulation of intestinal ROS and gut inflammatory mechanism. Moreover, mitochondria and microbiota directly interact for modulating energy metabolism and may be important for metabolic disorders. Several decades of research on mitochondria had emphases the wide spectrum of disease linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in brain, muscles, heart, kidneys, gut, eyes and at the origin of diabetes, cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, irritable bowel disease, Parkinson, Alzheimer… Interestingly, microbiota has been associated with metabolic diseases like obesity or diabetes, but also brain dysfunctions like autism or depression and is well known to be associated with irritable and inflammatory bowel diseases. The common spectrum of diseases between mitochondria and microbiota is another key point on the mitochondria-microbiota relationship. Consistent with these facts, it is tempting to think that targeting mitochondria can be useful to manage intestinal ROS stress, inflammation or metabolic anomalies due to the alteration of microbiota. On the other way, prebiotic from microbiota or increase knowledge of the microbiota metabolism may help to find target to cure specific disease due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Indeed, new technics for manipulating human microbiota are underway and provide interesting results. Targeting mitochondria: strategies, innovations and challenges: The future of medicine will come through mitochondria. Edeas M, Weissig V. Mitochondrion. 2013 Sep;13(5):389-90. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2013.03.009. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
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HUMAN/MICROBIAL METABOLITES OF DIETARY POLYPHENOLS: NEW ACTIONS IN THE CARDIOVASCULAR CONTEXT DANIELE DEL RIO The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology and LS9 - Bioactives & Health Interlab Group, Department of Food Science, University of Parma Polyphenols, especially high molecular weight polymers, are poorly absorbed in the small intestine, and substantial amounts reach the colon where they are subjected to the wide array of enzymes produced by the anaerobic microbiota. This can result in ring fission, accompanied by reduction, decarboxylation, demethylation, and dehydroxylation reactions. These modifications generate several low molecular weight metabolites that appear to be efficiently absorbed into the circulatory system potentially undergoing subsequent hepatic phase II conjugations prior to excretion. This talk will report about novel findings on the effects and putative mechanisms of various human and microbiota-derived phenolic metabolites, tested at physiological concentrations in in vitro simulations of cardiovascular impairment.
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POLYPHENOLS & CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MECHANISM OF CYANIDIN-3-GLUCOSIDE AND RESVERATROL IN THE CONTEXT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE DIANA JURADO SERRA University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds widely spread in human diet. Although the advantages of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases have been reported by several studies, the precise mechanisms and targets involved are still not fully understood. Having this in mind, it would be interesting to take advantage of the already described anti-inflammatory potential of some polyphenols in a disease which is mainly characterized by inflammation, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Knowing that current therapies for IBD patients are not curative, bringing limited results, it is imperative to find new strategies effective in limiting IBD progression. In this sense, Cyanidin-3-Glucoside (C3G) and Resveratrol, two structurally distinct polyphenols, proved to be effective in inhibiting cytokine-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in an in vitro cell model. Moreover, both present a stronger anti-inflammatory activity than 5-aminosalicilic acid (5-ASA), a well-established drug used in the treatment of IBD.
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BIOACTIVATION OF DIETARY PHYTOCHEMICALS BY PROBIOTICS AND BIFIDOBACTERA MADDALENA ROSSI, ANDREA QUARTIERI, STEFANO RAIMONDI, ALBERTO AMARETTI, ALAN LEONARDI Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
[email protected] The level of phytochemicals within the body is largely determined by diverse phenomena, such as the digestive transformations of native compounds, the absorption in the intestine, the hepatic activity, the biliary or urinary elimination, and the microbial biotransformation occurring within the hindgut. The phytochemicals which are not absorbed in the small intestine reach the colon, where they may undergo extensive biotransformation by the resident microbiota. In fact, the microbial enzymes of colonic bacteria can transform a wide spectrum of molecules into harmful compounds or into molecules which exert healthy benefits. Many healthy phytochemicals occur in food in the form of esters, glyco-conjugates, or polymers which are not directly bioavailable. Probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, which have evolved within the colonic ecosystem where indigestible oligo- and polysaccharides are their sole carbon sources, bear several of glycosyl-hydrolases and can contribute to release the aglycones from glyco-conjugated phytochemicals. Among the glycosyl-hydrolases, β-glucosidases are the most pertinent, because many phytochemicals are gluco-conjugates. An important target for the development of novel probiotics is the selection of strains that combine the intrinsic beneficial properties with specific healthy activities, such as the activation of phytochemicals. In this perspective, the identification of Bifidobacterium strains capable of activating phytochemicals is quite attracting. Bifidobacteria exert an important role in hydrolysing the glyco-conjugates of isoflavones and lignans, although their involvement in the reduction of daidzein toward S-equol and in reactions required for the transformation of the aglycone secoisolariciresinol into the powerful compounds enterolactone and enterodiol can be excluded (1, 2). Among the rutinosides, bifidobacteria can not hydrolyze rutin, whereas the hydrolysis of hesperidin with release of hesperetin is carried out only by strains belonging to the species B. catenulatum and B. pseudocatenulatum. Conversely, the hydrolysis of chlorogenic acid seems a special feature of the species B. animalis (3). A positive correlation between probiotic consumption and urinary and/or plasma levels of isoflavone or lignan metabolites has not been established yet (4). Attention should be pointed out on the evidence that, up to now, the proposed probiotic strains have not been validated for the major genetic and enzymatic features that can affect phytochemical metabolism. The utilization of probiotic strains, selected for the hydrolysis and activation of specific phytochemicals, needs substantial efforts to be validated. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Raimondi S, Roncaglia L, De Lucia M, Amaretti A, Leonardi A, Pagnoni UM, Rossi M. Bioconversion of soy isoflavones daidzin and daidzein by Bifidobacterium strains. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2009 81: 943-50 Roncaglia L, Amaretti A, Raimondi S, Leonardi A, Rossi M. Role of bifidobacteria in the activation of the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 92: 159-68. Rossi M, Amaretti A, Leonardi A, Raimondi S, Simone M, Quartieri A. Potential impact of probiotic consumption on the bioactivity of dietary phytochemicals. J Agric Food Chem. 40 :9551-8. Raimondi S, Anighoro A,Quartieri A, Amaretti A, Tomas-Barberan F, Rastelli G, Rossi M. Molecular insight into the hydrolysis of chlorogenic acid by bifidobateria submitted to: mBIO
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PROTECTION OF PHENOLICS OF THE MIXTURE OF CITRONELLOL AND CHINESE MEDICAL HERBS COMPLEX ON GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES CHIN-KUN WANG School Of Medicine & Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
[email protected] Objectives: mixture of citronellol and Chinese medical herbs complex (CI-CMH; extracts of Ganoderma leucidum, Codonopsis. pilosula and Angelicae sinensis) is found anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and immune promotion for cancer patients in previous studies, but its effect on H. pylori infection is still unknown. The protective effect of this mixture on gastrointestinal diseases is evaluated. Methodology: CI-CMH was used in this study. The inhibitory effect on cagA and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) induced IL-8, iNOS and COX-2 were determined. The co-culture medium was collected for measuring neutrophil chemotaxis. AGS cells treated with H. pylori-filtered medium was used to evaluate the wound healing of the CI-CMH. Results: CI-CMH provided anti-adhesion of H. pylori to AGS cells and down-regulation on the expression of cagA, IL8, COX-2 and iNOS. Results also indicated CI-CMH relieved neutrophil chemotaxis and showed wound healing of AGS cells from H. pylori- culture medium. CI-CMH down regulated inflammatory response via the anti-adhesion and wound healing of H. pylori to AGS cells. The phenolics of CI-CMH were found the main contributors to the protection of gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusion: CI-CMH showed protection on gastrointestinal diseases and the phenolics of this mixture were critically contributors to such health benefits.
Fig. 1 The effect of CI-CMH phenolics on the expression of CagA of
Fig. 2 Effects of CI-CMH phenolics on the neutrophil migration
H. pylori--induced AGS cells
References: Tsao LY., Xhuang SR, Chiu HF and Wang CK (2011) Intervention of extract of Ganoderma lucidum, Codonopsis pilosula and Angelicae sinensis on the nutritional status and life quality of cancer patients. Taiwan Journal of Dietetics 3(1):15-24. Zhuang SR, Chen SL, Tsai JH, Huang CC, Wu TC, Liu WS, Tseng HC, Lee HS, Huang MC, Shane GT, Yang, CH, Shen YC, Yan YY and Wang CK (2009) Effect of citronellol and the Chinese medical herb complex on cellular immunity of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy /radiotherapy. Phytotherapy Research 23: 785-790. Zhuang SR, Chiu HF, Chen SL, Tsai JH, Lee MY, Lee HS, Shen YC, Yan YY, Shane GT and Wang CK (2012) Effects of a Chinese medical herbs complex on cellular immunity and toxicity-related conditions of breast cancer patients. British Journal of Nutrition 107: 712-718.
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GRAPE-SEED PROCYANIDIN EXTRACT PROTECTS GASTROINTESTINAL MUCOSA FROM OXIDATIVE STRESS CASTELL-AUVÍ A, CASANOVA A, SERRANO J, TERRA X, BLAY MT, ARDÉVOL A, PINENT M. Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament Bioquímica I Biotecnologia
[email protected] The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is constantly exposed to reactive species released by the GI tract itself, and those present in food and beverages. Phenolic compounds, which have a high antioxidant activity
1
may help to protect the
GI tract against damage produced by the reactive species. In this study, we analyze the protective effects of the grape seed procyanidins (GSPE), on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in two different intestinal cell models, the epithelial cell line Caco-2, the enteroendocrine cell line STC-1, and after an acute dose, in the Wistar female rat. The cells were treated with different GSPE 2concentrations for 1 h and cellular ROS was then determined by the dichlorofluorescin assay (3). The cell treatments were also performed in the presence of the strong prooxidant, tertbutylhydroperoxide. In rat studies, animals were fasted for 3 hours; afterwards one dose of GSPE was intragastrically administrated. One hour later, in anesthesiated animals, food was intubated directly in the stomach. Two hours after GSPE administration, samples of stomach and duodenum mucosa were rapidly frozen. ROS was determined by the same methodology. GSPE acts as pro-oxidant in non-mature enterocytes, i.e., cancerous cells. By contrast, the same doses of GSPE, in mature, differentiated enterocytes, produces an antioxidant effect in absorptive cells as well as in enterohormone-secreting cells, although the effects depend on the dose of treatment. This antioxidant protective effect was also found in the mucosa of stomach and duodenum of the rat. This results support the protective role of grape seed procyanidins against oxidative damage in the absorptive and enteroendocrine cells that form this first layer in contact with food and beverages. 1.
Scalbert, A., Johnson, I. & Saltmarsh, M. Polyphenols: antioxidants and beyond. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81, 215S–217 (2005).
2.
Quiñones, M. et al. Low-molecular procyanidin rich grape seed extract exerts antihypertensive effect in males spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Res. Int. 51, 587–595 (2013).
3.
Wang, H. & Joseph, J. Quantifying cellular oxidative stress by dichlorofluorescein assay using microplate reader. Free Radic Biol Med 27, 612–6 (1999).
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DAILY POLYPHENOLS INTAKE FROM FRESH FRUITS IN PORTUGAL BERRIES: EFFECTS OF METABOLITES ON BRAIN CLAUDIA N. SANTOS a,b,*, ANDREIA GOMES a,b, CAROLINA JARDIMb, DIANA MACEDO b, INÊS FIGUEIRA b, LUCÉLIA TAVARES a, b, PAULA PINTO b, d, RUI C. PIMPÃOb, ALEXANDRA BRITOe,f, DORA BRITESe,f, RICARDO B. FERREIRAb, c aInstituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Portugal. bInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Portugal, cInstituto Superior de Agronomia, UTL, Portugal, dEscola Superior Agrária de Santarém, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Portugal; eResearch Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Faculty of Pharmacy, UL, Portugal; fDepartment of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, UL, Portugal.
[email protected] Despite the well know epidemiological associations between polyphenols and health, the effective polyphenol metabolites and their mechanism of action in human organism is still fairly unknown. Studying the biological mechanisms by which dietary poplyphenols exert an impact in human health requires the knowledge about polyphenols intake, tissue bioavailability, metabolism and bioactivities. Fresh fruits, particularly berries, are rich in polyphenols; berries contribution to the total dietary intake of polyphenols is not yet well known. Polyphenols intake from fresh fruit and the relative contribution of berries to the overall polyphenol intake in Portuguese population was assessed using an online semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The study showed that although berries were only 9% of total fresh fruit consumption, the polyphenol intake from berries was 14% of the total intake, due to its high content in polyphenols (1). Berries are the most important contributors to anthocyanin intake from fruits, as well as condensed (proanthocyanidins) and hydrolysable tannins (ellagitannins). These compounds have beeg described as health promoting and anthocyanins, in particular, are associated with neuroprotection. Berry fruits have been observed in animals to limit neurodegeneration and to prevent/reverse deteriorations in cognitive performance, though their precise mechanisms of action in the brain remain unanswered. Thereafter, one of the most promising research areas focuses on the potential of pholyphenol-rich berries to prevent age-related neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Blackberry polyphenolics efficacy in a human neurodegeneration cell model, obtained after a simulated gastrointestinal digestion, was assessed (2, 3). Digested blackberry metabolites, used at low levels, approaching physiologically-relevant serum concentrations, protect neuroblastoma cells and also human brain endothelial cells from H2O2-induced death. The molecular mechanism involved in this protection includes diminishment of intracellular ROS levels, modulation of glutathione levels and activation of caspases. The last effect suggests a preconditioning effect since caspase activation was not accompanied by diminution in cell death and loss of functionality suggesting an adaptative response (3). Gene expression profiling of neuroblastoma cells revealed that digested blackberry metabolites affect the one-carbon metabolism, important metabolic integrator of nutrient status by modulating epigenetics, genome maintenance, redox status and anabolic metabolism. Further mechanistic studies are ongoing to confirm a hormetic response using isolated human serum bioavailable polyphenols metabolites, in order to unravel the underlying cellular mechanisms. The main focus are on the mitochondrial quality control, the improvement of cell energy metabolism and redox cellular responses to hormesis stimuli. References:(1) Pinto P, Cardoso S, Pimpão R, Tavares L, Ferreira RB, Santos CN (2013) Int J Food Sci Nutr., 64, 1022 (2)Tavares L, Figueira I, Macedo D, McDougall GJ, Leitão, MC, Vieira HLA, Stewart D, Alves PM, Ferreira RB, Santos CN (2012) , Food Chem, 131, 1443; (3) Tavares L, Figueira I, McDougall GJ, Vieira HLA, Stewart D, Alves PM, Ferreira RB, Santos CN (2013), Eur J Nutr, 52, 225.
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ANTHOCYANINS CROSSING BIOLOGICAL BARRIERS: RECENT ADVANCES & PERSPECTIVES ANA FARIA1,2,3, IVA FERNANDES1, NUNO MATEUS1, CONCEIÇÃO CALHAU2,4 1Chemistry
Investigation Centre (CIQ), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of
Porto, 2Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 3Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4 CINTESIS - Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Anthocyanins are naturally occurring compounds widespread in plant-derived foodstuffs and therefore abundant in our diet. There are evidences regarding the positive association of their intake with healthy biological effects displayed in vivo. This talk aims to review some aspects regarding anthocyanins bioavailability. It summarizes the latest advances on the ingestion, absorption, bioavailability and biotransformation of these compounds through different approaches. Attention is given to the contribution of the gastric mucosa to anthocyanin absorption as the result of the high content of intact anthocyanins detected is plasma few minutes after intake. The contribution of intestinal tissue and the microbiota impact in anthocyanin absorption and bioactivity is also highlighted. Moreover, epidemiological and dietary intervention studies in humans and animals indicate that flavonoid consumption may be capable of promoting neuronal health. Data regarding anthocyanins and their metabolites transport on a human BBB cell model will also be presented. Knowledge regarding flavonoids transport, particularly anthocyanins, across blood-brain barrier (BBB) and how this is regulated seemed to be key targets in neuroprotection.
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MECHANISTIC INVESTIGATION OF POLYPHENOL BIOACTIVITIES IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE GIULIO MARIA PASINETTI Saunders Family Chair in Neurology, Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029; Director, Basic and Biomedical Research and Training, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disease of aging, affecting an estimated 5.3 million individuals in the U.S. (Alzheimer's Association 2012). Current FDA-approved treatments for AD have only modest symptomatic effects and are not disease-modifying. Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that dietary supplementation with a specific grape-derived polyphenolic preparation (GP) significantly improves cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). GP is comprised of the proanthocyanidin (PAC) catechin and epicatechin in monomeric (Mo), oligomeric, and polymeric forms. In this study, we report that following oral administration of the independent GP forms, only Mo is able to improve cognitive function and only Mo metabolites can selectively reach and accumulate in the brain at a concentration of ∼400 nM. Most importantly, we report for the first time that a biosynthetic structurally identified epicatechin metabolite, 3'-O-methyl-epicatechin-5-O-β-glucuronide (3'-O-Me-ECGluc), one of the PAC metabolites identified in the brain following Mo treatment, promotes basal synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP) at physiologically relevant concentrations in brain region associated with memory function through mechanisms associated with cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling. Our studies suggest, for the first time, that biosynthetic 3'-O-Me-EC-Gluc and other brain-targeting PAC metabolites may causally promote learning and memory. This novel evidence provides support for further characterization of synthesized, brain penetrating, grape derived polyphenol metabolites as a potential treatment strategy in AD and other forms of dementia.
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Lisbon Polyphenols 2014 - ISANH© Copyright 2014
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EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN ON MicroRNA SIGNALING ASSOCIATED WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS MAHDI GARELNABI PHD, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences; College of Health Sciences; University of Massachusetts; Lowell. MA 01854, USA Quercetin is shown to exhibits wide range of metabolic functions including its antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties. We therefore hypothesized that the quercetin would have favorable impact at the cellular level by augmenting antioxidant/anti-inflammatory pathways involved in cardiovascular protection through a set of microRNAs (MiRs) signaling. The discovery of miRs a little more than a decade ago has dramatically changed our perspective of gene expression regulation, and provided a unique opportunity for researchers to address some of the unexplained metabolic ambiguities. In the last few years a modest number of MiRs have been linked to cardiovascular diseases. Many of the known arteriosclerosis related MiRs have not been clearly characterized and their functions are far from clear. Approximately a thousand MiRs are now identified; however there is limited credible data inking MiRs to the action of quercetin and flavonoids. MiRs have been identified as powerful post-transcriptional gene regulators. The effect of quercetin intake on miRNA regulation in in-vivo and in-vitro setting is largely unknown although there are few reports on this regard. Aims and Objectives: We proposed that quercetin intake modulates set of miRs associated with atherosclerosis development; these microRNAs regulate genes associated with plaque regression through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress dependent pathways. Methods: In this study we investigated selected MiRs expression, specifically miRs 21, 125 b and 451. We analyzed the effect of quercetin intake on its modulation in C57BL6 LDL -/- mice fed atherogenic diet and oral quercetin. In addition, this presentation will also review and discuss the current data on the effect of intake of quercetin and some selected flavonoids in human and animal studies as well as in in-vitro studies. Results and Conclusion: Quercetin significantly (P