Current Prevalence of Hepatitis B Infection among [PDF]

Nov 19, 2012 - Tujuan: menentukan prevalensi infeksi hepatitis B pada ibu yang melahirkan di Jakarta, Indonesia. Metode:

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Current Prevalence of Hepatitis B Infection among Parturient Women in Jakarta, Indonesia Hartono Gunardi1, Liza F. Zaimi1, Soedjatmiko1, Turyadi2, Alida R. Harahap2,3, David H. Muljono2 Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 2 Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia. 3 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 1

Correspondence mail: Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Jl. Diponegoro no. 71, Jakarta, Indonesia. email: [email protected]. ABSTRAK Tujuan: menentukan prevalensi infeksi hepatitis B pada ibu yang melahirkan di Jakarta, Indonesia. Metode: studi potong lintang dilakukan pada ibu melahirkan antara Mei dan Juli 2009, yang dipilih secara konsekutif pada 2 rumah sakit dan 13 puskesmas di Jakarta. Ibu dengan riwayat penyakit hati menahun dieksklusi. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang meliputi riwayat obstetri, riwayat imunisasi hepatitis B, dan ikterus; sampel darah vena ibu diambil sebelum melahirkan untuk pemeriksaan hepatitis B yang diperiksa dengan metode ELISA. Hasil: terdapat 1.009 ibu melahirkan yang dilakukan pemeriksaan hepatitis B, 22 diantaranya positif, sehingga prevalensi hepatitis B adalah 2,2% yang jauh lebih rendah dibanding prevalensi tahun 1985 yaitu sebesar 5,2%. Tidak seorangpun yang memperlihatkan gejala infeksi virus hepatitis B. Prevalensi hepatitis B tertinggi ditemukan di daerah penelitian Jakarta Timur, pada usia ibu kurang dari 20 tahun dan ibu multipara. Kesimpulan: prevalensi hepatitis B pada ibu Indonesia yang melahirkan di Jakarta adalah 2,2% dan menurun dibandingkan dengan prevalensi pada tahun 1985. Kata kunci: hepatitis B, ibu hamil, imunisasi, prevalensi. ABSTRACT Aim: to determine the current prevalence of hepatitis B infection among parturient women in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in women giving birth between May and July 2009, recruited by consecutive sampling technique in 2 hospitals and 13 public health centers in Jakarta. Mothers with history of chronic liver disease were excluded. Data were collected by questionnaires including obstetric history, hepatitis B immunization history, and the presence of jaundice; maternal venous blood samples were taken before parturition for HBsAg determination that was performed by ELISA. Results: of 1,009 parturient women screened for hepatitis B infection, 22 were found positive, giving an overall hepatitis B prevalence of 2.2%, previous 5.2% in 1985. None of the subjects had any symptoms of HBV infection. The highest HBsAg prevalence was found in the East Jakarta study site, with predominance in mothers aged

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