definitions, how to prevent, symptoms, causes and how to treat malaria [PDF]

May 10, 2012 - The usual symptoms of the Malaria disease are fever, sweating and high body temperature. The disease is t

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What is Malaria Malaria is acute parasitic disease, which is caused by single-cell parasitic micro-organisms. The usual symptoms of the Malaria disease are fever, sweating and high body temperature. The disease is transmitted in subtropical and tropical regions by biting of female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. The disease is usually dangerous in the Africa and South America continents and usually the travelers are having big problems with Malaria. Malaria can be carried by people traveling in areas with high incidence of the disease. Furthermore, except contaminated with blood-transmitting and laboratory accidents, the transmission from person to person is possible only during the pregnancy from mother to child, if the placenta is damaged. The Malaria can be caused by certain parasites of the genus Plasmodium. For the people dangerous are only Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae. They significantly differ in the terms of their geographical distribution and course of disease. Plasmodium falciparum is of utmost clinical importance and the most dangerous parasite from the whole genus. In dependence of the parasite causing the disease, there are four different forms of Malaria, which have different treatment and different symptoms: • Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium оvale determine the Three-day Malaria • Plamodium falciparum determine the Tropical Malaria • Plasmodium malariae determine the Four-day Malaria Definitely these parasites have pretty complicated process of growing and reproduction, which stages usually proceeds in certain types of mosquitoes.

The source of infection is the sick man, from who the mosquito sucks blood, thus taking the mature forms of the parasite. The parasites can growth into the mosquito or to be transferred to the bited person. After proceeding of some stages from the biological cycle in the salivary glands of mosquitoes locate sexless forms. When the mosquito bites a person, the parasites gone into the blood, which fall them in the live, where are proceeding the next stages of parasites growth. The liver cells are destroyed by them, and the parasites are going into the red blood cells. The growth of the parasites in the erythrocytes is 48 hours for Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium оvale and Plamodium falciparum and 72 hours for Plasmodium malariae. After this incubation period occurs destruction of the infected blood cells and infection of new ones. This incubation period determines the length of the cycle of clinical manifestation. Another feature is that in the first two types of parasites, some of the parasitic forms remain in the liver, enforcing complicated with this therapeutic treatment.

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In all the cases the disease is dangerous and the treatment should be carefully done by doctor. The Malaria can cause very dangerous consequences and mostly to the children. The Cerebral malaria, from which the children are most vulnerable, may cause neurological damage and impairment of cognition. But this is even not the most dangerous exhibition of the disease, as the acute malaria mortality may exceed 20%, even with intensive treatment and health care. Also the disease may recur months or years after the initial development because of the presence of latent parasites in the liver. This can cause serious problems in the future and many specialists and scientists call this chronic malaria, which is the main reason, that it can be concluded that the disease is completely cured when all the parasites disappear from the blood.

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Entri Populer TITRASI SECARA IODIMETRI IODIMETRI A. Pengertian Istilah oksidasi mengacu pada setiap perubahan kimia dimana terjadi kenaikan bilangan oksidasi, sedangka...

Definitely the cure of Malaria is serious and it should be done in the hospital under the permanent inspection of the Medical team. More About the malaria disease, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment, can be found here:

Malaria Symptoms The Malaria disease is really hard to be determined, because of the long incubation period, by in any case there are a lot of Malaria symptoms, which can help you to understand, that you have exactly this disease. The first Malaria symptoms are expressed in high body temperature, shivering, arthralgius (pain in the joints), vomiting, anemia, hemoglobinurius, retinal destruction and convulsions. The incubation period of parasitism is average about 10-15 days for the Three-day Malaria and the Tropical Malaria, while for the Four-day Malaria it can reach up to 1-2 months. But these periods are not law, as there are forms of the Three-day Malaria, caused by Plasmodium vivax which incubation period can reach 1 year...

Cerebral malaria The cerebral malaria is the one, which mostly affects the children and kids. The disease is similar to the standard types, but can cause neurological problems and complication. Also a lot of kids get deterioration of cognition, which is quite serious issue for the patients. The cerebral malaria is caused by the plasmodium falciparum and has cerebral complications for the patient. The basic cerebral malaria symptoms are fever, Seizures, Coma and Neurological symptoms. The disease is connected with whitening of the whitening of the eye retina, which is good symptom to define malaria from other fever diseases. The other symptoms of malaria and periodical sweating can also define the disease and allow for the patient to diagnose it...

Malaria Complications The accurate diagnosis of Malaria and the proper treatment can completely cure the disease. Definitely in some case and types of the disease and if the treatment or the diagnosis is not correct, for the patient appear some unwanted and dangerous complications. The Malaria Complications are including the life-threatening coma, respiratory and renal failure, bleeding disorders and etc. Definitely the wrong treatment of the disease can cause serious health problems in the future and even to cause some body organs dysfunction. The most dangerous Malaria Complications can be observed in infected patients with compromised immune system due to several reasons. Also the pregnant women are also particularly contingent risk. Definitely the treatment of Malaria should be done carefully and to be followed the best practices of World Health Organization...

Malaria Treatment After the successful and accurate Malaria diagnosis, the infected person should be treated in the proper way according to the type of the disease. The Malaria Treatment is made with 4 amino quinolones, like Chloroquine, Arthrochin, applied in scheme in doses different for adults and children. The doses and the exact medicine for treatment is in dependence of the type of the diseases. Other medicines used for Malaria Treatment Pyrimethamine, sulfonamides and quite rarely antibiotics. When the patient is resistant to the prescribed medicines, an option in the treatment is also the quinine. Also there are a lot of complex medicines just like Fansidar and others, which are successfully used in the therapy of Malaria Treatment...

Malaria Diagnosis The Malaria diagnosis cannot be made only by following the symptoms of the disease and the . They can show that you have some infection, but usually will not give any more information and details for the disease. The symptoms of Malaria are not enough to determine exactly the disease, so when you have any doubts that you are infected with malaria, definitely should visit the hospital for medical tests. The tests are usually the typical clinical research, and some laboratory tests including parasitological tests. The detailed information for stay in an endemic area for malaria and all the mentioned tests will help for the specialists to determine exactly the type and form of the disease and give exact Malaria diagnosis...

Malaria Prevention The best Malaria prevention definitely is not traveling to endemic areas, but in many cases this is not solving the issue. The Malaria virus has certain regions of growth – subtropics and tropics. Usually the virus is met in South America and Africa, where usually the mosquitoes are larger than a bird. Of course if you want to prevent yourself from Malaria, you can use some medicaments before traveling to an endemic area. The prevention from Malaria starts one week before traveling to such area. The first used medicament is Chloroquine 300 mg consumed once for the week before traveling and 1 pill of Arthrochin 250 mg every other day of the traveling in endemic area for Malaria virus and 1 pill weekly for one month after leaving the region...

Types of Malaria disease In dependence of the parasites we formed three different forms of Malaria- Three-day malaria, Tropical Malaria and Four-day Malaria. However in spite of the way of infection, the Malaria can be divided in dependence of the illness symptoms and length. The Cerebral Malaria is one of the most dangerous types of the virus. The children are more vulnerable to this type of Malaria and it may cause neurological damage and impairment of cognition. Cerebral Malaria is also related to graying of the retina, which is a useful symptom to distinguish malaria from other fevers...

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