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Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HYBRID MAGLEV WIND TURBINE Nilesh Sutar1, Salman Kazi2, Tushar Mondkar3, Aniket Kamble4, Dattatray Kadam5 1
Professor, SSPM’s college of engineering, Kanakavli, Maharashtra, India
2,3,4,5
Student, SSPM’s College of Engineering, Kankavli, Maharashtra, India
ABSTRACT The purpose of this project is to generate the green energy by using wind and solar technology. In conventional wind turbines friction losses due to bearings are more which affect the performance of the turbine. To reduce this friction loss we implement the concept of magnetic levitation in our project. We fabricate Hybrid wind turbine which produces electricity on the principle of Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction as well as solar technology. The electricity produced can be stored continuously for whole day.
Keywords: Green energy, solar technology, magnetic levitation, hybrid, electromagnetic induction.
1. INTRODUCTION With the increase in population the energy demand is also increased. Because of conventional methods of electricity production environmental pollution is increasing day by day. Air and water pollution occurs due to the byproducts produced by combustion of fuel. Therefore it is required to develop a new method of energy generation which minimizes the pollution. Our project is based on ‘Green Energy’. The electricity is produced with the help of wind energy which is pollution free. Also we used solar panel to generate electricity. By combining these two technologies we made the Hybrid turbine. We used Titanium magnets and generators to produce electricity which is based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. To increase the performance of the turbine we used solar panel. By combining these two the power generated is increased. To reduce the frictional losses in rotating the turbine we used the concept of magnetic levitation.
2. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF GENERATOR The basic understanding of a generator is that it converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. An electromagnetic coil is an electrical conductor such as a wire in the shape of a coil, spiral or helix. The power is generated on the principle of Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction. An external time-varying magnetic field through the interior of the coil generates an EMF (voltage) in the conductor.
Figure 1 Working principle of generator [13]
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Figure 2 Generator
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Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017
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3. DESIGN METHODOLOGY 3.4 3D Model
Figure 3 Isometric View of 3D model
3.5 Design of Turbine Blade The basic equation of wind power is given as
Where, P = Wind Power = Density of air = 1.20 kg/s A = Swept area of blades E = Total Efficiency V = Velocity of air = 5m/s (Velocity of air is taken as per weather report of Sindhudurg Region) Total Efficiency is given as
Where, Er = Rotor Efficiency = 25% Eg = Generator Efficiency = 90% Et = Transmission Efficiency = 90%
(Efficiencies are considered as standard efficiency from Literature Survey of Paper ‘Preliminary development of Savonius turbine’ submitted to International Journal of Scientific & Technology research volume3.) (From the same paper it is noted that for 2.4 m/s wind speed & the turbine having are as 1.5 m 2, the power generated is 2.4 W) Swept Area Considering this reference designing turbine for 3W power generation.
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Considering height to be 0.5 m
Aspect Ratio
Drag Force
Where CD = Coefficient of drag = 2.3 (CD is taken for hollow semi-cylinder facing air flow as noted through experiments)
Moment
Moment of Inertia
Also Now material Selected is Aluminum Sheet For blade profile For Aluminum
Also,
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Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017
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4. DC TO AC COVERSION/ Battery Charging Unit Transformers operate due to a changing magnetic field in which the change in magnetic flux induces a current. Direct current cannot provide a changing magnetic field therefore a transformer with an applied DC input would only produce heat. The output from the maglev windmill will be an alternating voltage. This output can be directly connected to load or can be converted to dc and stored in a battery for later use.
Figure 4 Voltage Block Diagram
5. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP When the wind strikes on the curved turbine blades, rotation begin. There are 8 permanent magnets attached on the mdf attached at the blade bottom. Due to this rotation permanent magnets rotate too. As there exists Neodymium magnet between stand and bottom mdf there exists almost frictionless rotation too. Blades are arranged in such a manner that proper rotation at low speed can be achieved. When permanent magnets rotate on coil winding, AC current is generated. Along with solar panel output which is in DC combine output is given to battery charging unit. Before this the output from maglev turbine is passed through doubler circuit where its value is almost doubled. With battery charging unit 12V battery is charged and from this battery lamp, CCTV and many other output devices could be used.
Figure 5 Arrangement for testing
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Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017 6. TESTING AND RESULTS
Table 1 Maglev Wind Turbine Readings READING NO
TIME (SEC.)
WIND SPEED m/s
VOLTAGE VOLT
1 2 3 4 5
60 60 60 60 60
5 4 5 8 7
10 8 12 15 14
Table 2 Solar Panel Readings READING NO
TIME IN CLOCK
VOLTAGE VOLT
1 2 3 4 5
9.00AM 1:00 PM 3.00 PM 4:00 PM 6:00 PM
9.5 10.2 10 9.8 8.8
7. CONCLUSION MAGLEV AND SOLAR wind energy conversion systems are practical and potentially very contributive to the production of clean renewable electricity from the wind even under less than ideal sitting conditions. It is hoped that they may be constructed used high-strength, low- weight materials for deployment in more developed nations and settings or with very low tech local materials and local skills in less developed countries. The MAGLEV wind turbine designed is ideal to be located on top of a bridge or bridges to generate electricity, powered by wind. The elevated altitude gives it an advantage for more wind opportunity. With the idea on top of a bridge, it will power up street lights and or commercial use. In most cities, bridges are a faster route for everyday commute and in need of constant lighting makes this an efficient way to produce natural energy.
References [1] “Magnetic Levitation System for moving objects”, R. F. Post, 1994, United States Patent (Patent No: 5,722,326). [2] “Design and analysis of highway windmill electric generation”, S. Mashyal and Dr. T. R. Ani , American Journal of Engineering Research, Volume-03, Issue-07, pp-28-32. [3] “Design Aspects of Blade Shape and Position for the MAGLEV Vertical Axis Wind Turbine”, G.P. Ramesh and C.V. Aravind, Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Volume-326, pp-933-940. [4] “Computational model of Savonius turbine”,A.P Diaz, G. J Pajaro and K. U Salas, Ingeniare. Revistachilena de ingeniería, Volume-23, pp. 406-412. [5] “Optimal design and techno-economic analysis of a hybrid solar–wind power Generation system”,Y. Hongxing, Z.Wei, L. Chengzhi, Applied Energy Volume 86, Issue 2, pp-163–169. [6] “High-precision magnetic levitation stage for photolithography”, W Kim and D. L. Trumper, Precision Engineering, volume-22, Issue 02, pp-66–77. [7] “Evaluation of different turbine concepts for wind power”,S. Eriksson, H. Bernhoff, M. Leijon, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , Volume- 12, pp- 1419–1434. [8] “A review of wind energy technologies”, G.M. Herbert, S. Iniyan, E. Sreevalsan, S. Rajapandian, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, volume-11, pp- 1117–1145. [9] “Optimization of Savonius turbines using an obstacle shielding the returning blade”, M.H. Mohamed, G. Janiga, E. Pap, D. Thévenin, Renewable Energy , volume-35,pp- 2618-2626.
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Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017
Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJME/IIJME.htm Email:
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[10] Aerodynamic models for Darrieus-typestraight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines”, M. Islam, D. S. Ting, A.Fartaj, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, volume-12 pp-1087–1109 [11] A. Albani, and M. Z. Ibrahim, “Preliminary Development of Prototype of Savonius Wind Turbine For Application In Low Wind Speed In Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia”, International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research (IJSTR) Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2013. [12] International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com(ISSN22502459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2014) [13] IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321- 7308 AUTHOR Nilesh Sutar received the B.E. degree in Mechanical Engineering from SSPM’s College of Engineering in 2014.
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