Idea Transcript
DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE CIVIL AVIATION IN DRC
DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE CIVIL AVIATION IN DRC
DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE CIVIL AVIATION IN DRC
1
1
DRC MAP
1
2
DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE CIVIL AVIATION IN DRC
I. SUMMARY PRESENTATION OF DRC II. IMPORTANCE AND AIR TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION IN DRC III.DRC CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY FIXTURES IV. ACTUAL CIVIL AVIATION CHALLENGE AND WAYS OUT V.HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC (STS/HUM) VI.CONCLUSION
1
3
SUMMARY PRESENTATION OF DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
I.SUMMARY PRESENTATION OF DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO Country located in central of Africa;
With a surface of 2.345.000 km2; it is the second African biggest country after Algerian; It shares borders with nine countries;
Its Number of inhabitant is estimated at 80.000.000; Its Official language is
French and 4 national languages which are:
Lingala, Kikongo, Tshiluba and Swahili) and about 350 dialects;
1
4
SUMMARY PRESENTATION OF DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Its National currency is Congolese Franc; Its Gross National Product in 2015: 41.027 milliard of Congolese Francs; Growth Rate of Gross its National Product in 2015: 6,4 %; It is endowed of several mine resources: cobalt, cooper, diamond, gold, coltan, manganese…; It has Big forest reserves with the Congo River basin; It has a Big potential in hydro-energetic resources about 44 million of KW;
1
5
IMPORTANCE AND AIR TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION
II.IMPORTANCE AND AIR TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION 1. Importance
Concerning: Country area and long distances to cover; Bad conditions and decay of the surface transport ways;
Many investments which require renovation of the above transport ways.
1
6
IMPORTANCE AND AIR TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION
Actually, the air transport constitutes: the only way able to connect easily the four corners of the Republic; an excellent way for cohesion and national unity; an instrument for opening up of the country provinces; a tool to the economic development of DRC.
1
7
IMPORTANCE AND AIR TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION
2. Organization The Civil Aviation System in DRC is dealing with many entities which are under supervision of the Ministry of the Transport and communication ways. In one side, there are: 1. Oversight and Regulation Organ which is DRC Civil Aviation Authority(AAC/RDC) and; 2. An independent service named: “Bureau Permanent des Enquêtes d’Accidents et Incidents d’Aviation (BPEA)” which is responsible of conducting investigations on all accidents and incidents
occurring in DRC.
1
8
IMPORTANCE AND AIR TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION
In other side, there are operators which can be classified in 3 groups: 1. Air Navigation Provider and Manager of 54 airports and aerodromes opened to the public traffic which is “Régies des Voies Aériennes”(RVA) a
public limited company with the
Congolese State as only shareholder; 2. The aviation Meteorological service Provider : Agence Nationale de
la
Météorologie
et
de
la
Télédétection
par
Satellite(METELSAT); 3. 16 operators of public air transport services including the 1 National COMPANY”CONGO AIRWAYS”. A new company.
9
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY
III. DRC CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY OF FIXTURES 1.IN REGULATION ORGAN LEVEL They note: The DRC Civil Aviation Authority (AAC/RDC) was created in 2003 and became effective in 2007, relating to the execution of ICAO USOAP audits recommendations; Its principal mission is, to assure the civil aviation oversight of safety and security in whole national regions;
The AAC/RDC is a public institution, endowed of legal personality and enjoying of financial and administrative autonomy; It is located at Kinshasa waiting for its deployment in the 1 10 provinces of DRC;
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY
The AAC/RDC is subdivided into 8 directions and autonomous Services joined to the General Direction;
4
Its actual manpower (number of staff) is 255 and they note an insufficient number of the civil aviation safety and security inspectors ; The AAC/RDC takes its resources essentially from charges received in return of services delivered to the air operators; 1
11
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY
In order to play suitably its role, the DRC CAA is supported by its law relating to the civil aviation promulgated in 2010,
by
its
aeronautical
regulations
and
also
procedures,
handbooks and check list relating to; In 2006, DRC CAA was subjected to the ICAO USOAP audit and its effective implementation rate of ICAO SARPS was about 11%;
1
12
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY After
the
January,2013,
ICAO
Coordinated
Validation
Mission(ICVM)
Its effective implementation rate
in
of the ICAO
Standards and Recommendation Practices average 26,5%, yet low in relation to the African countries average which is (48,24%); today, considering action undertaken since 2013, we estimate DRC
CAA effective implementation rate about 50%, rate to be confirmed during next ICVM, expected in 2017;
The security audit (USAP) was realized in 2006 and the next cycle is expected in November, 2017. 1
13
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY
ICVM audit mission has identified 2 Safety Significant Concerns : o SSC in OPS due to the fact that, there was no airlines certified; o SSC in ANS due to the fact that, no calibration of many navaids equipment since a long time. To mitigate the 2 SSCs, the CAA has applied the following ICAO recommendations : o In the OPS area: Cancellation of temporary Air Operator Certificate and cancellation of RVSM approval certificates delivered. o In the ANS area: publication of NOTAM informing all air operators on non-operating of DRC navaids.
1
9
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CIVIL AVIATION INVENTORY
These measures led ICAO to remove DRC from the List of countries having Safety Significant Concerns in 2014.
Online updates of other actions are made through the ICAO OLF website.
1
9
AIR OPERATORS 2. IN AIR OPERATION LEVEL They note: a. On National Network The policy applied since 1978, is liberalization of air transport; This policy led to creation of many airlines of which number
averaged 60 in 1980/1990 years which had not offering real safety warranties as they were using old aircrafts, commonly from soviet manufacturing in which DRC CAA did not have technology
expertise; The direct consequence was multiplication of accidents and 1 recording of all Congolese(DRC) airlines on European Black List;16
AIR OPERATORS
In reaction to this situation, a sanitation was been undertake and then, many air operation licenses were revoked; The new law imposes airlines to get both operation license and Air Operator Certificate(AOC) to exploit in DRC; All airlines are subject to the Certification process, as only the airlines holders of the above two documents will be authorized to operate in January,2017;
1
17
AIR OPERATION
One airline, the national company” CONGO AIRWAYS” has completed certification process and got its AOC, since june,2016; Actually, they are :
₋ 16 airlines operating the public air transport services; ₋ 27 Operating the private air transport services. All these airlines operate in total, a fleet of 72 aircrafts very disparate and generally old of more than 20 years. 1
18
AIR OPERATORS B.ON INTERNATIONAL NETWORK The policy applied by DRC, takes inspiration widely
from
Yamoussoukro Decision relating to the liberalization of access to the
air transport market in Africa; Indeed, DRC signed a total of 49 air navigation bilateral agreements with third states;
Among all those air navigation agreements, none is implemented by DRC, because none airline has obtained AOC, and also because of their recording on European Black List; The international traffic from and to DRC destination is dominated by the foreign airlines (13 in total). 1
19
AIRPORTS INFRASTRUCTURES
3. IN THE AIRPORTS INFRASTRUCTURES LEVEL
Regarding the country dimension, DRC has 54 airports and aerodromes opened to the public traffic of which 5 international airports(Kinshasa, Lubumbashi, Kisangani, Goma et Gbadolite) managed by RVA; A part of these aerodromes, they are 350 aviation aerodromes belonging either state or either missionaries or private sector and generally, these aerodromes are not well maintained;
1
20
AIRPORTS INFRASTRUCTURES
Many of these public aerodromes are characterized by :
– Old age state of runways; – No maintenance or insufficient maintenance; – Lack or insufficiency of Fire protection; – Lack of day and night Ground lighting; – Lack of enclosure and security appropriate equipment. – None international airport is certified according to the ICAO requirements. 1
21
AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES SUPPLY
5.IN AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES PROVIDING LEVEL The air navigation services is supplied by “Régies des Voies Aériennes”
(RVA),
that
extend
Navigation
Aids
Equipment(NAVAIDS) on whole of its airport platforms;
These equipment located in different airports are not generally calibrated, as required by international standards; Lack of Radar coverage;
Coverage of Congolese air space by the communication and navigation aids in profit of all aircraft operating is globally low. 1
22
ACTUAL CIVIL AVIATION CHALLENGE AND WAYS OUT
IV. ACTUAL CIVIL AVIATION CHALLENGE AND WAYS OUT 1. CHALLENGE
The main challenge remains improving of civil aviation security and safety
in order to:
Allow DRC to achieve target objectives which African
states settled at Abuja in 2012 consisting in achieving at the end of 2017 year, a global rate of ICAO SARPS effective implementation about
60% and to reduce
accidents rate at the global average; 1
23
ACTUAL CIVIL AVIATION CHALLENGE AND WAYS OUT
To bring out the Congolese airlines from the European Black List;
To resolve completely Safety Significant Concerns noticed during the ICVM in 2013, but attenuated in 2014.
1
24
ACTION UNDERTOOK TO FACE CHALLENGES
2.ACTION UNDERTOOK TO FACE CHALLENGES 1. To endow DRC with a mature, credible and lasting system to enable oversight of civil aviation safety and security through namely: Improving of work conditions within DRC CAA;
Elaboration of comprehensive aeronautical regulations according to the ICAO annex;
1
25
ACTION UNDERTOOK TO FACE CHALLENGES
Training of inspectors in all air safety oversight domains, thanks to African Development Bank(BAD), in order to fill the gaps of inspectors; The coaching of DRC CAA by the ICAO through a financing of ±2.600.000$ USD supported by the World Bank during 2 years in order to obtain sustainable financing concerning technical capacities of air safety oversight in DRC; Endowment of DRC CAA with financing autonomy.
1
26
ACTION UNDERTOOK TO FACE CHALLENGES
2. The current airlines certification with support of international
valuation (expertise) in order to deliver AOC to the airlines which would satisfy to the process. 3.
Launching of rehabilitation program, modernization and standardization of airport and air navigation infrastructures thanks to the partners which are : African Development Bank (BAD) : 157.000.000 $ USD(air safety priority project); World Bank: 62.000.000 $ USD (rehabilitation of CNS/ATM equipment and Goma Airport). 1
27
ACTION UNDERTOOK TO FACE CHALLENGES
4. Creation of a reference national airline by the State (CONGO AIRWAYS): Equipped with new aircrafts and from new generation (AIRBUS and BOMBARDIER); Offering to the users, democratic air tickets for a best service of countryside; operating in accordance with international standards; The next opening of its capital to the private partners;
1
28
ACTION UNDERTOOK TO FACE CHALLENGES
5. In the framework of ASIP, development of different security programs and training of instructors and inspectors in order to improve and to reinforce the civil aviation security system. 6. Signature of assistance project with ICAO to improve supply of aviation meteorological data.
1
29
ACTUAL CIVIL AVIATION CHALLENGE AND WAYS OUT
The concrete impact of action already undertook and currently in
realization, is the sensitive reducing of air accidents and incidents numbers, about 50% between 2013 and 2016, comparatively to the same period at the end of last decade.
1
30
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC(STS/HUM)
V. HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC (STS/HUM)
DRC remains a post conflict country. In fact, the successive wars, long and multiform conflicts which followed especially in its East party, have created a catastrophic humanitarian situation which
cause important moving of population making then, that population very vulnerable and dependent from international assistance;
1
31
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC(STS/HUM)
Thus, STS/HUM activities appeared since twenty years ago, with UN international agencies(HCR, WFP),international NGOs, Air Serve International, ASF,CICR, Echo Flight International) and national NGOs(MAF/RDC), which brought aircrafts for only to carry medicines, essential commodity for the war moved people; These aircrafts land most of time on the bare aedromes located at very distant corners of the country and then, don’t get profit of road ways access.
1
32
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC(STS/HUM)
Today, the STS/HUM flight are assured by: 1.World Food Program(WFP): seven aircrafts(7) and one(1) helicopter, registered in South Africa, Kenya and Russia, based at Kinshasa, Goma(North Kivu),Kalemie( Tanganyika Province)and Dungu(Haut-Uélé Province);
2.Echo-Flight International: Three(3) aircrafts, type : Cessna and Dash 8, registered in Kenya and based at Goma, North Kivu Province), Kinshasa and Kalemie( Tanganyika Province ) ;
1
33
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC(STS/HUM)
1. Air Serve International : Three(3) aircrafts, type : Cessna registered in Uganda and based at Bukavu, (South Kivu Province) and Bunia( Ituri Province); 2. Aviation Sans Frontière(ASF/France): two aircrafts, type: Cessna 208, registered in France and based at Bandaka, Equateur Province)and Kinshasa; 3. International Red Cross Committee(CICR): two aircrafts, type: Let 410 and Dash -8 registered in South Africa and Kenya and based at Bukavu, (South Kivu Province)and Kinshasa; 4. Mission Aviation Fellowship (MAF): established since long time in DRC, it is operating with nine(9) aircrafts, registered in DRC and based at Kinshasa. The following table recapitulates the humanitarian activities 1 34 statistics in DRC
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION STATISTICS IN DRC (STS/HUM)
.
NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF FLIGHTS AIRCRAFTS AERODROMES CONDUCTED OPERATED SERVED 1st 2d 3th Quarter Quarter Quarter 2015 2015 2016
PASSENGERS CARRIED
CARGO CARRIED
1st Quarter 2015
2nd Quarter 2015
3th Quarter 2016
1st Quarter 2015 in Kg
OPERATORS
2d Quarter 2015 in Kg
3th Quarter 2016 in Kg
1.World Food 7 Program WFP
34 aerodromes 623 and 6 Heliports
607
579
11.663
16.177
14.717
415.540 507.240 434.900
2.AirServ International
3
31
412
367
392
2.048
2.427
2.789
178.429 157.011 134.365
3.ECHO Flight 3
30
354
353
336
5.122
5.473
5.104
110.140 63.729
57.822
4. CICR
2
12
-
-
600
-
-
4.500
-
340.000
TOTAL
15
1.389
1.327
1.907
18.833
24.077
27.110
704.109 727.980 967.087
source : STS/HUM
1
-
35
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC(STS/HUM)
Operation of STS/HUM remains generally confronted to the following difficulties: Unavailability of fuel on many served areas; Insecurity in some regions; Lack of meteorological services on served aerodromes; Bad state of served aerodromes and irregularity of their maintenance; Non assistance or handling of aircrafts landing in many aedromes.
1
36
HUMANITARIAN AVIATION IN DRC(STS/HUM)
Some problems occurs in operation of STS/HUM flight in DRC, namely: Sometimes using of non approved aerodromes by DRC CAA; Non respect of aircraft configuration( carriage of passengers in cargo aircrafts); Using of non-qualified and non-holders of aviation certificates(titles) staff, in Ground Handling operation; Using of political influence in order to escape from DRC CAA control; selling of air tickets to the public by some NGOs on behalf of humanitarian, creating then, a disloyal competition in prejudice of air transport operators. 1
37
CONCLUSION CONCLUSION My above statement has allowed you to have an idea on:
Predominate role that plays air transport in DRC, country of very large surface, covered mainly, by forest and almost enclosed, having a limited access to the sea; DRC CAA Inventory fixtures; Challenges occurring in this sector and efforts undertook by DRC government and DRC CAA to improve civil aviation safety and security; Importance of humanitarian activity undertaken in DRC, thanks to aviation.
1
38
CONCLUSION
Our ardent wishes during this 8th global conference on STS/HUM (Humanitarian Aviation), is to see STS/HUM actors bring their support in the big works of improving of air navigation safety in DRC and in empowering capacities of DRC CAA in safety and security oversight, like World Food Program(WFP) that is setting up and equipping DRC CAA with ECCAIRS system. We thank them for that.
1
39
CONCLUSION
In the same idea, the STS/HUM flight operations should be done in strict conformity with DRC aeronautical regulations, as air navigation safety is dealing with as long as the both STS/HUM and commercial flights and it is not acceptable that foreign aircrafts chartered for the humanitarian flights in DRC, avoid to observe aeronautical standards whereas they are observing them in their registration countries
1
40
CONCLUSION
Thank you for you kind attention 1
41