Diffraction methods for structures analysis - FHI Berlin [PDF]

M. Wolf sheet 3.8 film polycrystline sample. X-ray. X-ray diffraction. Laue method. Diffraction of collimated, broadband

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Diffraction methods for structures analysis Diffraction of waves from crystals Length scales ≈ 1 Å → required wavelengths ≈ 1 Å 12,4 λ (Å) ≈ 12,4keV =ˆ 1Å • photons: E(keV) • electrons: • neutrons: • He atoms:

12,3

λ (Å) ≈ λ (Å) ≈ λ (Å) ≈

E ( eV ) 0,287 E ( eV ) 0,144 E ( eV )

100 eV =ˆ 1,23Å 10 meV =ˆ 2,87 Å 10 meV =ˆ 1,44Å

Example: Neutron diffraction from FeCo

disordered Introduction to solid state physics M. Wolf

ordered WS 2005/06 sheet 3.7

X-ray diffraction Laue method

Diffraction of collimated, broadband X-rays (k’≤ k0 ≤ k”) at single crystal sample: → analysis of crystal symmetry → orientation of single crystals Debeye-Scherrer method

Monochromatic X-ray diffraction from polycrystalline powder sample: 0 ≤ Θ ≤ 180

Laue method in transmission or reflection

→ Ghkl ≤ 2k0 Rotating crystal method

X-ray

film

polycrystline sample

Simultaneous rotation: - sample by Θ - detector by 2Θ Introduction to solid state physics M. Wolf

WS 2005/06 sheet 3.8

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