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Doing Succession in Europe Generational Transfers in Family Businesses in Comparative Perspective
Edited by Isabel! Stamm, Peter Breitschmid, Martin Kohti
Budrich UniPfess
Schulthess § 2011
Table of Contents Acknowledgements Table of Contents Detailed Table of Contents List of Authors Abbreviations List of Tables List of Figures Part A The Necessity of a Comparative Perspective on Succession 1) Introduction: Generational Succession in the Family Firm Isabell Stamm /Nicole Schmiade /Martin KohW Peter Breitschmid 2) Family Firms in European Economic History Andrea Colli PartB \. Institutional Premises for Succession in Family Businesses
V VII IX XV XVII XXI XXIII 1 3
29 59
1) Family, Community and State: Some Implicit Contracts in European Family Life Patrick Heady
67
2) Familialism in Germany, Italy and Switzerland: A Frame for Succession in Family Enterprises? Sigrid Leitner
85
3) Knowledge and Resource Provision for Managing Family Succession: Evidences in Italian Clusters Lorenzo Zanni / Costanza Nosi
101
4) The Restoration of a Family Capitalism in East Germany and Some Possible Consequences Katharina Bluhm / Bernd Martens
129
5) Bequests: Motives, Model, Money Marc Szydlik 6) Aktuelle Entwicklungslinien von Erbrecht und Erbschaftssteuer mit Blick auf die Nachfolge in Familienunternehmen vorab in der Schweiz, Deutschland undltalien Peter Breitschmid
153
173
VII
Table of Contents
PartC Succession as Generational Negotiation 1) Ownership Perceptions in Family Businesses Psychological Difficulties of the Retiring Owner-Manager Fabian Bernhard / Peter Jaskiewicz 2) Succession as Transition in the Life Course Isabell Stamm / Elisa Marchese PartD Practicing Generational Transfers Across Europe 1) Eigentumstransfer an Familienunternehmen in der Schweiz - erbrechtliche Aspekte Paul Eitel 2) Family Business Succession Planning in GermanyStrategies for Intergenerational Transfer in a Globalized World Roland Krause
243 267
271
299
315
4) Wie konnen Familienunternehmer ihren Ruhestand finanzieren? Ueli Kieser
325
5) Vorsorge fiir Familienunternehmer und Sicherung des Familienvermogens in Deutschland Andreas Wiedemann /Bertram Layer
347 361
1) Conclusion: Succession Regimes Across Europe? Isabell Stamm / Martin Kohli /Peter Breitschmid
VITT
215
3) Transferring Business Ownership in Italian Family Enterprises Andrea Fusaro
PartE Doing Succesion in Europe
Index
213
.'
363 , 383
Detailed Table of Contents Acknowledgements
V
Table of Contents
VII
Detailed Table of Contents List of Authors
XV
Abbreviations List of Tables
XVII .,
.-
List of Figures
XXI XXIII
Part A The Necessity of a Comparative Perspective on Succession
1
1) Introduction: Generational Succession in the Family Firm Isabell Stamm /Nicole Schmiade /Martin Kohli/Peter Breitschmid
3
1. A multidisciplinary perspective 2. The development of the family business research > field 3. Definitions of family business 4. Family businesses in Europe 5. Succession as prominent research topic and urgent research question 6. What is succession? 7. The institutional embeddedness of succession 8. Purpose and structure of the book 9. References 2) Family Firms in European Economic History Andrea Colli
3
1. Introduction 2. Large family firms in Europe between theory and history 3. Is there a European Family Firm? 4. Family firms and European culture 5. Concluding: Survival through adaptation 6. References PartB Institutional Premises for Succession in Family Businesses I.
IX
The Family and the Welfare State 1) Family, Community and State: Some Implicit Contracts in European Family Life Patrick Heady
5 8 10 12 14 17 18 20 29 29 31 34 45 50 53 59
67
IX
Detailed Table of Contents
II.
Abstract 1. Introduction: a very old pattern indeed 2. Farming, kinship and succession 3. Strategy, culture and implicit contracts 4. Some fairly old patterns: macro-regional differences between European kinship cultures 5. The same patterns - expressed as implicit contracts 6. The changing balance between kinship and state: from agriculture to the knowledge economy 7. Implications for family enterprise 8. References 2) Familialism in Germany, Italy and Switzerland: A Frame for Succession in Family Enterprises? Sigrid Leitner
67 67 70 71
1. Introduction: What is familialism? 2. Theoretical foundations of the concept 3. Instruments and types of familialism in Germany, Italy and Switzerland 4. Familialism and the succession in family enterprises: hypothesis 5. References Forms of Capitalism 3) Knowledge and Resource Provision for Managing Family Succession: Evidences in Italian Clusters Lorenzo Zanni / Costanza Nosi
85 86
Abstract 1. Family firms and Industrial Districts in Italy 2. Research methodology 3. Family Business Cases 4. Concluding remarks, limitations, and suggestions for further research 5. References 4) The Restoration of a Family Capitalism in East Germany and Some Possible Consequences Katharina Bluhm / Bernd Martens Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Eurostat data on SMEs in Europe 3. The Jena project on management change in SMEs 4. Social features of East German companies 5. Consequences 6. Conclusions 7. References
III. Inheritance and Inheritance Law 5) Bequests: Motives, Model, Money Marc Szydlik 1. Introduction 2. Motives 3. Model 4. Money 5. Conclusions 6. References 6) Aktuelle Entwicklungslinien von Erbrecht und Erbschaftssteuer mit Blick auf die Nachfolge in Familienunternehmen vorab in der Schweiz, Deutschland und Italien Peter Breitschmid 1. Unternehmensnachfolge in erbrechtskritischer Zeit 2. Risiken von Leben, Tod und (Erb-)Recht fur Unternehmerlnnen (und deren Erblnnen) 3. Allgemeine (unternehmens-)erbrechtliche Tendenzen 4. Schweizerische" Uberlegungen . 5. Querblick auf Deutschland 6. Querblick auf Italien 7. Weitere Trends - Uberblick und Zusammenfassung 8. References 9. Materialienverzeichnis
PartC Succession as Generational Negotiation 1) Ownership Perceptions in Family Businesses Psychological Difficulties of the Retiring Owner-Manager Fabian Bernhard / Peter Jaskiewicz 1. Definitions and Relevance 2. From the Psychology of Ownership to Psychological Ownership 3. The Business as Object of Psychological Ownership 4. Consequences of Psychological Ownership 5. Difficulties to Transitioning Ownership 6. Routes to Founder-Managers' Psychological Ownership Ties 7. Intergenerational Comparison 8. Conclusion '. 9. Outlook 10. References
153 153 154 156 159 166 168
173 173 179 182 187 190 194 200 20'6 210
213
215 217 219 221 222 225 226 230 231 232 235
XI
Detailed Table of Contents 2) Succession as Transition in the Life Course Isabell Stamm / Elisa Marchese Abstract 1. Succession from a life course perspective 2. Methodological design 3. Pathways into the family business 4. Succession as biographical challenge 5. Why do family entrepreneurs decide for succession? 6. References PartD Practicing Generational Transfers Across Europe I.
The Transfer of Ownership in Family Businesses 1) Eigentumstransfer an Familienunternehmen in der Schweiz - erbrechtliche Aspekte Paul Eitel Abstract 1. Einfuhrung 2. Allgemeines; gesetzliches Erbrecht und Erbteilungsrecht 3. Gewillkiirte Unternehmensnachfolge I: Verfligungen von Todes wegen 4. Gewillkurte Unternehmensnachfolge II: Verfligungen unter Lebenden 5. References 2) Family Business Succession Planning in GermanyStrategies for Intergenerational Transfer in a Globalized World Roland Krause 1. Introduction 3. German Inheritance Tax reform of 2009 4. Conclusion 5. References 3) Transferring Business Ownership in Italian Family Enterprises Andrea Fusaro
II.
243 244 245 247 253 259 262 267
271 271 271 272 280 288 296
299 299 307 310 311 315
1. Introduction 315 2. The Italian case 316 3. References 321 The Provision for Entrepreneurial Family Members and Family Solidarity 4) Wie konnen Familienunternehmer ihren Ruhestand finanzieren? 325 Ueli Kieser Abstract
XII
243
325
1. Einordnung der Fragestellung 2. Aufbau des Beitrags 3. Alter als sozialversicherungsrechtliches Risiko 4. Leistungen der Alters- und Hinterlassenenversicherung (AHV) 5. Leistungen der beruflichen Vorsorge 6. Privatversicherungsrechtliche Leistungen 7. Leistungen der Saulen 3a und 3b 8. Steuerrechtliche Aspekte bei Altersleistungen 9. Sozialversicherungsrechtliche Aspekte beim Unternehmensverkauf..... "10. References 5) Vorsorge fur Familienunternehmer und Sicherung des Familienvermogens in Deutschland Andreas Wiedemann /Bertram Layer Abstract l.Einleitung 2. Rahmendaten zur Vorsorgesituation bei Familienunternehmern in Deutschland 3. Grundsatzliche MOglichkeiten der Vorsorge fur Familienunternehmer 4. Erganzende Steuerliche Aspekte der Vorsorge im Familienunternehmen 5. Strategische Erfolgsfaktoren und Instrumente fur eine erfolgreiche Vorsorge fur Familienunternehmer
PartE Doing Succesion in Europe 1) Conclusion: Succession Regimes Across Europe? Isabell Stamm /Martin Kohli /Peter Breitschmid
Index
1. Connecting steps 2. European family businesses and their institutional premises 3. Some hypotheses on European succession patterns 4. References !