Egyptian fractions - Teachit Maths [PDF]

(fractions where the numerator is one). All other fractions were created as the sum of unit fractions (with each unit fr

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Idea Transcript


Egyptian fractions 5000 years ago, the Egyptians used fractions but only had notation for unit fractions (fractions where the numerator is one). All other fractions were created as the sum of unit fractions (with each unit fraction being different). For example: 4

/9 = 1/3 + 1/9

4

/5 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/20

1. Copy and complete the sums to show how the Egyptians would have written these fractions around 3000BC. a.

3

/4

= 1/2 + 1/?

b.

5

/8

= 1/? + 1/8

c.

3

/16

= 1/6 + 1/?

d.

3

/11

= 1/? + 1/44

e.

3

/5

= 1/? + 1/?

f.

5

/6

= 1/? + 1/?

g.

6

/7

= 1/2 + 1/? + 1/42

h.

7

/8

= 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/?

The Egyptians drew their fractions as a number under an open mouth:

2. Fractions could be written in more than one way. Copy and complete these fraction sums to find three more ways to make 3/4: a.

3

/4 = 1/2 + 1/5 + 1/?

b.

3

c.

3

/4 = 1/2 + 1/? + 1/12  /4 = 1/2 + 1/8 + 1/? + 1/24

Extension: There are 72 ways to represent 1 as the sum of five different unit fractions - how many can you find? Remember, all the fractions in each sum must be different! © www.teachitmaths.co.uk 2012

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Egyptian fractions – Answers 1.

a.

3

e.

3

b.

5

f.

5

c.

3

g.

6

d.

3

h.

7

a.

3

c.

3

b.

3

/4 = 1/2 + 1/4 /8 = 1/2 + 1/8 /16 = 1/6 + 1/48 /11 = 1/4 + 1/44

2. /4 = 1/2 + 1/5 + 1/20

/5 = 1/2 + 1/10 /6 = 1/2 + 1/3 /7 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/42 /8 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/2 /4 = 1/2 + 1/8 + 1/12 + 1/24

/4 = 1/2 + 1/6 + 1/12

3.

1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/11 + 1/22 + 1/33 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/13 + 1/156 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/14 + 1/84 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/15 + 1/60 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/16 + 1/48 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/18 + 1/36 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/20 + 1/30 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/12 + 1/21 + 1/28 1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/35 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/21 + 1/420 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/22 + 1/220 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/24 + 1/120 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/25 + 1/100 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/28 + 1/70 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/30 + 1/60 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/36 + 1/45 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/13 + 1/156 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/14 + 1/84 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/15 + 1/60 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/16 + 1/48 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/18 + 1/36 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/20 + 1/30 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/6 + 1/21 + 1/28 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/7 + 1/10 + 1/140 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/7 + 1/12 + 1/42 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/7 + 1/14 + 1/28 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/9 + 1/72 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/10 + 1/40 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/12 + 1/24 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/9 + 1/12 + 1/18 1 = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/15 1 = 1/2 + 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/8 + 1/120 1 = 1/2 + 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/9 + 1/45 1 = 1/2 + 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/10 + 1/30 1 = 1/2 + 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/12 + 1/20 1 = 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/20

1 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/7 + 1/43 + 1/1806 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1= 1=

1

/2 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 1

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

1

/3 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1 /3 1

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

1

/7 + 1/44 + 1/924 /7 + 1/45 + 1/630 1 /7 + 1/46 + 1/483 1 /7 + 1/48 + 1/336 1 /7 + 1/49 + 1/294 1 /7 + 1/51 + 1/238 1 /7 + 1/54 + 1/189 1 /7 + 1/56 + 1/168 1 /7 + 1/60 + 1/140 1 /7 + 1/63 + 1/126 1 /7 + 1/70 + 1/105 1 /7 + 1/78 + 1/91 1 /8 + 1/25 + 1/600 1 /8 + 1/26 + 1/312 1 /8 + 1/27 + 1/216 1 /8 + 1/28 + 1/168 1 /8 + 1/30 + 1/120 1 /8 + 1/32 + 1/96 1 /8 + 1/33 + 1/88 1 /8 + 1/36 + 1/72 1 /8 + 1/40 + 1/60 1 /8 + 1/42 + 1/56 1 /9 + 1/19 + 1/342 1 /9 + 1/20 + 1/180 1 /9 + 1/21 + 1/126 1 /9 + 1/22 + 1/99 1 /9 + 1/24 + 1/72 1 /9 + 1/27 + 1/54 1 /9 + 1/30 + 1/45 1 /10 + 1/16 + 1/240 1 /10 + 1/18 + 1/90 1 /10 + 1/20 + 1/60 1 /10 + 1/24 + 1/40 1 /11 + 1/14 + 1/231 1 /11 + 1/15 + 1/110 1

 

© www.teachitmaths.co.uk 2012

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