PLoS One. 2016; 11(6): e0157498.
PMCID: PMC4913932
Published online 2016 Jun 20. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157498
Field Performance of Bt Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) in the Philippines: Cry1Ac Expression and Control of the Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée) Desiree M. Hautea, 1,* Lourdes D. Taylo, 1 Anna Pauleen L. Masanga, 1 Maria Luz J. Sison, 1 Josefina O. Narciso, 1,¤ Reynaldo B. Quilloy, 1 Randy A. Hautea, 2 Frank A. Shotkoski, 3 and Anthony M. Shelton4 Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes, Editor 1 Institute of Plant Breeding/CSC, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, 4031, Philippines 2 International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications, Los Baños, Laguna, 4030, Philippines 3 International Programs, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America 4 Department of Entomology, Cornell/NYSAES, Geneva, New York, 14456, United States of America University of Tennessee, UNITED STATES Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Conceived and designed the experiments: DMH RAH JON LDT MLJS FAS AMS. Performed the experiments: JON RBQ LDT MLJS APLM DMH RAH. Analyzed the data: LDT APLM DMH RAH. Wrote the paper: DMH LDT APLM RAH FAS AMS. Developed the breeding materials: JON LDT RBQ DMH RAH. Supervised the field trials: DMH RAH RBQ LDT FAS. Prepared application and obtained all relevant permits for confined field trials: DMH JON LDT RAH. ¤Current address: Bioprotection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647 Christchurch, New Zealand * E-mail:
[email protected] ;
[email protected] Received 2016 Mar 17; Accepted 2016 May 31. Copyright notice This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.
Abstract
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Introduction
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Results
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Bt Cry1Ac protein expression in different plant parts in Bt Eggplant OP lines
Terminal Leaves
Flowers
Fruits (flesh and skin)
Stem
Roots
Cry1Ac protein expression in terminal leaves at different growth stages in Bt Eggplant OP lines
Control of EFSB by Bt Eggplant OP lines
Survival and Fecundity of EFSB in Bt Eggplant OP lines
Discussion
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Spatio-Temporal Expression of Cry1Ac Protein in Bt Eggplant Lines
Factors Affecting Variability in Cry1Ac Protein Expression in Bt Eggplant Lines
Variation in Cry1Ac Protein Expression and its Effects on Field Efficacy of Bt Eggplant Lines
Field Efficacy of Bt Eggplant Lines Containing Event EE-1 Against the Primary Target Pest, ESFB
Materials and Methods
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Plant Materials, Experimental Design and Regulatory Conditions
Plant materials
Experimental Design and Field Layout
Permissions
Crop Establishment, Management, Harvesting and Termination Seedling establishment
Cultural management
Pest management
Termination, disposal and fallow period
Data Collection and Analysis Determination of Cry1Ac Protein Expression
Evaluation of Field Damage by EFSB
Supporting Information
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S1 Table
S2 Table
S3 Table
S4 Table
S5 Table
Acknowledgments
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Funding Statement
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Data Availability
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References
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