Fiscal Reform on Energy Subsidy Policy in Indonesia - Green Fiscal [PDF]

Sep 23, 2016 - BADAN KEBIJAKAN FISKAL - KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI. Key Macroeconomic Assumptions .... APBN. APBN-P. 2011.

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Idea Transcript


KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

Fiscal Reform on Energy Subsidy Policy in Indonesia Noor Iskandarsyah Deputi Director for Subsidy Policy Fiscal Policy Agency – Ministry of Finance of Republic of Indonsia

Groningen, 22-23 September 2016

Key Macroeconomic Assumptions Assumptions: 2015

2016

Realized

Revised Budget

2017 Proposed Budget

Growth (%)

4.8

5.2

5.3

Inflation (%)

3.35

4.0

4.0

13,392

13,500

13,300

3-month-SPN (Treasury Bills)

5.97

5.5

5.3

Indonesia Crude Price (ICP) (USD / bbl)

49.2

40.0

45.0

Oil Lifting (thousand bbl / day)

777.6

820

780.0

1,195.4

1,150.0

1,150.0

Period

Exchange Rate (USD/IDR, Average)

Gas Lifting (thousand bbl / day oil equivalent) 2015 Budget Key Focus





Quality of Spending  Fuel subsidy savings of IDR 211.3 Tn  Re-allocation of savings to basic infrastructure (food security, connectivity and maritime) and social welfare  Additional allocation for village funds  Capital injection to SOEs Revenue Optimization  Improving tax compliance rate, closing tax leakage and expanding tax base

2016 Budget Key Focus



• •

BADAN KEBIJAKAN FISKAL - KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

General Revenue and Expenditure Policies  Continue Tax Extensification and Intensification program and improve tax compliance  Drive priority program to improve growth quality such as the 20% allocation for education, maintain 5% health allocation and increase regional and village fund allocation Subsidy Policies – More Targeted Program  Targeted subsidy scheme and direct subsidy to small households  Food & fertilizers subsidy and expand financing program for SMEs Continue to drive key development projects:  Develop infrastructure for Food Security and Connectivity  Improve the service and sustainability of national health, labor insurance program and sustainable social protection program

Budget 2016 and 2017 2016 Description

Budget

Revenue

Revised Budget

USD Bn

IDR Tn

2017

(13,900/USD)

IDR Tn

Proposed Budget

USD Bn (13,500/USD)

IDR Tn

USD Bn (13,300/USD)

1,822.5

131.1

1,786.2

132.3

1,737.6

130.6

I. Domestic Revenue

1,820.5

131.0

1,784.2

132.2

1,736.3

130.5

1. Tax Revenue

1,546.7

111.3

1,539.2

114.0

1,495.9

112.5

273.8

19.7

245.1

18.2

18.1

2.0

0.1

2.0

0.1

240.4 1.4

2,095.7

150.8

2,082.9

154.3

1,325.6

95.4

1,306.7

96.8

1,310.4

98.5

1. Ministerial Spending

784.1

56.4

767.8

56.9

758.4

57.0

2. Non Ministerial Spending

541.4

39.0

538.9

39.9

552.1

41.5

102.1

7.3

94.4

7.0

92.2

6.9

1.3

0.1

2. Non Tax Revenue II. Grant Government Spending II. Central Government

‒ Energy Subsidy ‒ Renewable Energy Subsidy

III. Fund Transfer and Village Fund Primary Balance Surplus/Deficit % deficit to GDP KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

770.2

55.4

776.3

57.5

-88.2 -273.2

-6.3 -19.7

-105.5 -296.7

-7.8 -22.0

-2.15

-2.35

2,070.5

760.0 -111.4 -332.8 -2.41

0.1 155.7

57.1 -8.4 -25.0

Energy Subsidies Policy

KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

4

Oil Fuel and LPG Subsidy Policy 2016 1. Continuing fixed subsidy policy for gasoline and price gap subsidy for kerosene and LPG 3 kg; 2. Implementing the efficiency and effectiveness of LPG 3 kg subsidy; 3. Improving the use of new and renewable energy for transportation; 4. Improving and developing the city gas network development for household; 5. Improving the supervision of subsidized fuel and LPG 3 kg distribution through the use of data and technology;and 6. Improving the role of local government in the control and supervision of subsidized fuel and LPG 3 kg. KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

5

Electricity Subsidy Policy 2016 1. Subsidizing poor and vulnerable poor household customers to be more targeted; 2. Improving electricity ratio, especially by rural electrification program and free electricity instalation for poor household and fishermen; 3. Improving electricity provision eficiency, by optimalization of gas and coal powered power plant, and reducing the oil fuel usage on power plant energy mix; 4. Developing renewable energy especially on outer islands, and subtituting diesel power plant in remote areas; and 5. Improving supervision on investment in power plant infrastructure development. KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

6

Energy Subsidies Budget Allocation Fuel and Gas

Rp Trillion 300

Electricity

240,0

250 211,9

210,0

Energy subsidies savings

200 165,2

150

100

90,4

94,6

100,0

101,8 60,8 58,3

63,7

43,7 50,7

38,4

50

APBN 2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

APBN-P 2016

Source: Ministry of Finance

The budget for subsidies fuel in the Revised Budget 2015 and Budget 2016 declining especially is caused by a decrease of world crude oil price, implement fixed subsidy only for gasoil, and remove fuel subsidy for gasoline RON 88. KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

7

Budget for Energy Subsidies Compare to Central Government Expenditure, Total Expenditure and GDP 60,0%

% Government Expenditure

3,4%

% to Total Expenditure

50,0%

% to GDP

19,2%

40,0%

30,0% 28,4% 1,0%

20,0%

6,6%

10,0%

0,7% 4,5%

10,1%

7,2%

0,7% 4,5% 7,0%

0,0% 2011

KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016 Revised Budget

2017 Proposed Budget

Quality Spending: Consumptive Spending to Productive Spending (in Trillion Rupiah) Education

INFRASTRUCTURE



408,5



419,2

290,3

375,5

313.5

345,3 310,8

266,9 2011

114,2 2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2011

Energy Subsidies

 306,5

310

145,5

155,9

2012

2013

177,9

2014



341.8

104,8

67,5 119.1 2012

2013

2016

Health

255,6

2011

2015

2014

2015

94.4

41

2016

2011

46,6 2012

77,4

52,7

2013

2014

2015

2016

9 KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

Energy Subsidy Reform

KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

10

The Government implemented the consumption’s restriction of fossil fuel subsidized through… - Almost every year with macroeconomic and social consideration.

1. Price Control Management

- Since 2015, gasoline was not subsidized. - 2015-present: Implementing fixed subsidy for gasoil.

2. Conversion Program to Gas

- Since 2007, Government conducts kerosene to LPG (3kg) conversion program to create energy efficiency. - 2012: Converting road vehicles from using gasoline to CNG (Compressed Natural Gas). - Government provided free converter kit for public transport vehicles. - 2016: Improve the LPG 3kg subsidy distribution to be better targeted

3. Consumption Restriction

KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

- 2013: Restriction the use of subsidized fuel: government institution (central and local government and state owned enterprise), mining sector and plantation (excluding citizens mining and plantation under 25 hectares), foresty (except forest which managed by the citizen), non-pioneer cargo shipping. (Permen ESDM 01/2013).

The Government implemented the consumption’s restriction of fossil fuel subsidized through… (con’t) 4. Diversification of Fossil Fuel to Biofuel

- Since 2008: Encouraging the utilization of new and renewable energy, such as: palm oil, biomass, biogas; not only for fuel but also for electricity. - Expanding the uses of Biodiesel for transportation around 7,5% in 2013, 10% in 2014, 15% in 2015, and 20% in 2016. Since 2015, gasoline was not subsidized. - Since 2010/2011: Provide fiscal incentives to support industries with energy efficiency technology and renewable energy.

5. Accelerating Mass Transportation Development

- 2012: Converting public transportation from using gasoline to CNG (Compressed Natural Gas). The implementation of this policy starts gradually in some big cities - Government provided free converter kit for public transport vehicles.

- 2015-present: Encouraging infrastructure development for public transportation.

KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN RI

- Improve the railways transport facilities as alternatives public mode.

Electricity Subsidy Policy 2001-2016, with increasing portion on renewable energy on its energy mix (to reduce production cost)...

Extended Consumer Price Subsidies, (to consumer which its average tariff lower than BPP)

Corporate Cashflow Subsidy

Until 2001

12 group of consumers are not subsidized anymore

20022004

2005 present

Directional Consumer Price Subsidies: S-1, S-2, R-1, I-1 dan B-1 (

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