FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING [PDF]

State-of-the-art control and data acquisition software based on. LabVIEW for Windows. Software controller in real time,

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EQUIPMENT FOR ENGINEERING EDUCATION

EQUIPMENT FOR ENGINEERING EDUCATION

Equipment for Engineering Education

ENGINEERING MECHANICS & MACHINE ELEMENTS

FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING

Statics · Strength of Materials Dynamics · Fundamentals of Engineering Design Machinery Diagnosis · Properties of Materials ENGINEERING MECHANICS & MACHINE ELEMENTS

Equipment for Engineering

MECHATRONICS

Education

Engineering Drawing · Cutaway Models Dimensional Metrology · Fasteners and Machine Parts Manufacturing Engineering · Assembly Projects Maintenance · Machinery Diagnosis Automation

Interdisciplinary Technical Training

MECHATRONICS Metalworking Trades · Electrical Trades · Mechatronics Engineers

Equipment for Engineering Education

THERMODYNAMICS, HEATING & SANITARY SYSTEMS

THERMODYNAMICS, HEATING & SANITARY SYSTEMS Fundamentals of Thermodynamics · Applied Thermodynamics · Power Engines and Machines Internal Combustion Engines Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Heating and Ventilation · Sanitary Systems

Equipment for Engineering

FLUID MECHANICS & HYDROLOGY

Education

Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics · Flow in Pipes Turbomachine Demonstrators · Turbomachines Fundamentals of Aerodynamics and Airflow Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering Components in Piping Systems

FLUID MECHANICS & HYDROLOGY

Equipment for Engineering Education

PROCESS ENGINEERING

Simple, quickly understandable controlled system models with extensive software functions

PROCESS ENGINEERING Fundamentals of Process Control · Components and Calibration · Simple Process Engineering Control Systems Complex Process Engineering Control Systems Mechanical Process Engineering · Chemical Process Engineering · Thermal Process Engineering Process Plants · Unit Operations in Water Treatment

Temperature NEWLY PUBLISHED GUNT SUBCATALOGUES:

Equipment

Equipment

Equipment

Equipment

for Engineering

for Engineering

for Engineering

for Engineering

Education

Education

Education

Education

Level

Pressure STATICS & STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

a

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

a

THERMAL PROCESS ENGINEERING

a

MECHANICAL PROCESS ENGINEERING

G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH phone: +49 40 67 08 54 - 0 fax: +49 40 67 08 54 - 42

web: www.gunt.de e-mail: [email protected]

Speed

Position

b

PLANNING & CONSULTING · TECHNICAL SERVICE · COMMISSIONING & TRAINING Fahrenberg 14 D-22885 Barsbüttel · GERMANY

Flow

Use the CD catalogue!

Visit our website www.gunt.de

THE SERIES PROVIDING AN EASY INTRODUCTION TO A COMPLEX SUBJECT

RT 010 - 060 FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING

The Equipment Concept with Hardware / Software Integration (HSI)

ADC

Sensor

Computer Interface

Process

USB

PC

DAC

Actuator

Hardware

Software

Compact, space-saving benchtop models

State-of-the-art control and data acquisition software based on LabVIEW for Windows

Typical controlled systems from the field of process control Imprinted process schematic enables easy assignment of control parameters High level of observability of processes based on transparent elements (covers, tanks, lines) Ideally suited to multi-user applications Easy switching from unit to unit by USB connection

Software controller in real time, with selection of controller type Continuous: P, PI, PD, PID Switching: 2-point, 3-point Display and storage of all process variables Recording and evaluation of step responses for system identification Editing of step responses by filtering and decimation Simulation of controlled systems Programmable run of reference variable with tolerance band setting Network capability Language selectable

RT 010

Level Control

3

RT 010 - 060 FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING

The Hardware: Demonstration of Control Processes Based on Real Controlled System Models RT 010

Level Control

RT 040

Temperature Control

Level recording by pressure sensor

Temperature sensors at three positions

Level control by speed of pump

Heating and cooling of a metal bar by Peltier element

Electromagnetic valve to generate disturbance variables

Switchable fan to generate disturbance variables

RT 050

Speed Control

Inductive speed sensor Speed control by DC motor RT 020

Adjustable load to generate disturbance variables

Flow Control

Turbine wheel flow sensor Electromagnetic proportional valve as actuator Variable pump speed to generate disturbance variables

RT 030

Pressure Control

Electronic pressure sensor Speed controlled diaphragm pump as actuator Solenoid valve to generate disturbance variables

RT 060

Position Control

Rotary encoder as displacement sensor Position control of a carriage by gear motor Two microswitches to shut down at end positions

5

RT 010 - 060 FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING

The Software: Easy Operation with Selectable User Interfaces Unit Selection One software package for all units of the series Preferred unit selected by mouse-click

Identification of a Real Controlled System and Adaptation of Controller Parameters Recording of step response (pressure controlled system RT 030) Manipulating variable in blue Controlled variable in red

Active unit indicated by green frame Selection of additional user interfaces for the active unit

Positioning of cursors before and after the controlled variable step as preparation for inflectional tangent method

Process Schematic Process schematic of selected unit Control panel for selection of controller type and input of controller parameters Display of real-time data Generation of disturbance variable

Automatic identification of controlled system by inflectional tangent method Output of controlled system parameters

Variations in Time Representation of control parameters as a function of time Reference variable (yellow) Controlled variable (red) Manipulating variable (green) Freely selectable colours of backgrounds and lines

Parameter setting of a PI controller Calculation of gain and integral-action time from determined controlled system parameters Observation of control behaviour of this controller after reference variable step

Control behaviour of a PID controller with non-optimised adaptation of controller parameters

Reference variable in black Controlled variable in red

7

RT 010 - 060 FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING

Simulation of Controlled Systems The software features a simulation mode. This mode enables to also study controlled systems not covered by the real units.

Editing of Step Responses by Filtering and Decimation Real controlled systems usually have complex properties. The simulation mode enables elemental transfer functions to be entered and investigated. It is therefore possible to teach the fundamentals of control engineering in a simple way.

Identification of a real controlled system (RT 030) by the inflectional tangent method During recording of the step response a disturbance was repeatedly generated The determined controlled system parameters characterise the disturbed controlled system

Differentiation of the disturbed step response in “Filtering” mode Possible editing of the step response in two ways Integral behaviour

Activating a low-pass filter with input of the lower limit frequency Decimation with input of the increment

Differentiation of the step response after activating the low-pass filter and decimation Reduction of amplitudes by the low-pass filter

PT1 behaviour

Use of selected measured values (decimation)

Features of the Simulation Mode In simulation mode, the controlled system is defined by input of a transfer function Step response of the simulated controlled system is automatically displayed All software controller types can be applied to the simulated controlled system The behaviour of the simulated controlled system can be investigated in the same way as that of a real controlled system

PT2 behaviour

Step response with inflectional tangent after activating the low-pass filter and decimation Run of a curve is smoother compared to the unedited step response The new run of a curve causes a change in the determined controlled system parameters

9

RT 010 - 060 FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL ENGINEERING

Easy Switching in between the Units of this Series

Access to Single-User Workstations via Local Network

ONE software for ALL units

Highlighting of Processes in the Individual Experiments Possibility to Discuss Individual Results in the Group

USB connection

The RT 030 Pressure Control unit is still running.

In the software window „unit selection“, a mouse-click is all it takes to switch from RT 030 to RT 010.

The USB cable is removed from the RT 030 and connected to the RT 010.

The green frame indicates the active unit.

Now the RT 010 Level Control unit can be used.

Teaching scenario: The tutor highlights an interesting variation in time occurring on the RT 030 Pressure Control unit to explain it to the whole group.

11

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