Idea Transcript
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
GLOBALISATION Fieldwork: January 2004 Publication: February 2004
PRESENTATION EU 15 summarised results in graphs, maps and tables
prepared by www.eosgallupeurope.com
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
menu Introduction and Methodology 1. Awareness of Globalisation 2. Acceptance of Globalisation 3. Globalisation and Family 4. Economic Impact of Globalisation 5. Openness of Countries Economy 6. Effective Control of Globalisation 7. Regulation of Globalisation 8. Economic, Social and Political Overview 9. Effects of Globalisation on Different Domains 10. Benefit from Globalisation 11. Anti-globalisation Movements 12. Level of Influence 13. Levels of Trust Conclusion
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
introduction As the world's leading trade power, the European Union accounts for 20% of global imports and exports and has a strong interest in creating conditions in which trade can prosper. The European Union is a leading player in international trade negotiations, working towards fair trade and seeking to harness globalisation through the WTO (World Trade Organisation). The underlying principle of European integration has been free trade between Member States and through the gradual removal of barriers between countries, the European Union has become an area within which people, goods, services and capital move freely. Globalisation means that an increasing number of countries, both rich and poor, are taking part in the world economy. This process is changing the pattern of world trade and increasingly affects our everyday lives. However, globalisation goes beyond trade…it means opening up countries to wider contact with each other in order to allow for the free flow of goods, services, people and technologies. In October 2003, EOS Gallup Europe on behalf of the Directorate-General Press and Communication turned to citizens of the 15 Member States for their views on globalisation. Over 7500 citizens across the EU were given the opportunity to voice their opinion on globalisation. The underlying objective being to assess levels of awareness and support, opinions on its regulation, key players in the process, as well as its effects and consequences.
methodology For Who? DG Press - The European Commission When? Between 8th and 16th October 2003 Who? 7,515 citizens of the EU member states were interviewed
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
How? By telephone
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
1. Awareness of Globalisation Have you personally, ever heard of globalisation? Answers: Yes
Country Results 80% - 100%
Austria
90%
60% - 69%
Finland
89%
50% - 59%
Greece
88%
Italia
88%
France
86%
Sweden
82%
Denmark
81%
Ireland
81%
Spain
78%
EU 15
77%
Netherlands
77%
Portugal
75%
Belgium
72%
Germany
71%
United Kingdom
62%
Luxembourg
61%
70% - 79%
0% - 49%
91%
70%
21yrs
EDUCATION
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
2. Acceptance of Globalisation Globalisation is the general opening-up of all economies, which leads to the creation of a truly world-wide market. Are you personally totally in favour, rather in favour, rather opposed or totally opposed to the development of globalisation? Answers: In favour
Country Results Netherlands
78%
70% - 79%
Ireland
71%
60% - 69%
Germany
71%
Italy
67%
Luxembourg
66%
Finland
66%
Belgium
64%
EU 15
63%
Portugal
63%
France
63%
Denmark
60%
United Kingdom
60%
Sweden
58%
Austria
52%
Spain
51%
Greece
47%
80% - 100%
50% - 59% 0% - 49%
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
3. Globalisation and Family In your opinion, if globalisation intensifies in the future, would you say that overall this would be more or less advantageous for you and your family?
Country Results
more advantageous 55% - 70% 35% - 54% 0% - 34%
Ireland
66%
Portugal
63%
United Kingdom
61%
Germany
60%
Netherlands
55%
EU 15
52%
Spain
51%
Denmark
49%
Sweden
49%
Italy
48%
Luxembourg
47%
Finland
46%
Belgium
43%
France
43%
Austria
34%
Greece
33%
Country Results
less advantageous 55% - 70% 35% - 54% 0% - 34%
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
France
47%
Greece
46%
Belgium
44%
Germany
34%
Luxembourg
34%
Austria
34%
EU 15
32%
Netherlands
32%
Finland
31%
United Kingdom
29%
Denmark
28%
Spain
26%
Italy
25%
Ireland
23%
Sweden
21%
Portugal
17%
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
4. Economic Impact of Globalisation Of the following two propositions, which is the one which is closest to your opinion with regard to golbalisation? Globalisation represents a good opportunity for [NATIONALITY] companies thanks to the opening-up of markets / Globalisation represents a threat to employment and companies in our country
Country Results
Opportunity 50% > 40% - 49% < 39%
Sweden
65%
Denmark
64%
Netherlands
63%
Ireland
63%
Italy
63%
United Kingdom
61%
Germany
61%
Finland
60%
EU 15
56%
Spain
56%
Portugal
55%
Luxembourg
53%
Austria
50%
Belgium
45%
France
40%
Greece
40%
Country Results
threat 50% > 40% - 49% < 39%
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
France
58%
Greece
58%
Belgium
53%
Luxembourg
43%
Austria
41%
EU 15
39%
Portugal
39%
Germany
35%
Spain
35%
Netherlands
35%
United Kingdom
35%
Finland
34%
Ireland
33%
Italy
32%
Denmark
30%
Sweden
24%
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
5. Openness of Countries Economy Currently, do you consider that our country's economy is too open, too closed or is suited to the development of the worldwide economy? Answers - 1) Too open 2) Too closed 3) Suited to the development of the worldwide economy
46%
35% 29%
41%
48%
51%
39%
60%
35%
37%
68%
47%
25%
53%
59% 42%
29%
52%
48%
33%
42% 29%
33%
31% 24%
29%
21% 18%
29%
UK
D
20%
EU15
19%
IRL Too open
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
26% 18%
9%
26% 21%
F
23%
19%
N
18%
B
16%
L Too closed
15%
EL
15%
I
15%
FIN
14%
A
Suited to the development of the worldwide economy
14%
P
11%
11%
E
S
8%
DK
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
6. Effective Control of Globalisation In your opinion, could the process of globalisation be effectively controlled and regulated? Answers: Total "Yes”
Country Results Italy
75%
Ireland
70%
70% - 79%
Portugal
68%
60% - 69%
France
67%
Greece
64%
EU 15
62%
Belgium
60%
United Kingdom
60%
Spain
58%
Netherlands
58%
Germany
56%
Finland
55%
Austria
46%
Luxembourg
46%
Sweden
45%
Denmark
36%
80% - 100%
50% - 59% 0% - 49%
69%
47%
in favour
opposed
Position on Globalisation
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
7. Regulation of Globalisation In your opinion, could the process of globalisation be effectively controlled and regulated? Answers: Total "Yes”
72% 67% 67% 66% 59%
56% 56% 55%
53% 53% 47%
44% 37%
35% 31% 31%
I
EL
P
F
61%
E
IRL EU15
B
The Voice of Europe
D
FIN
A
N
57%
58%
in favour
oppose
51%
female
GENDER GLOBALISATION
UK
62%
51%
male
L
25-39
AGE
55+
POSITION ON GLOBALISATION
DK
S
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
8. Economic, Social and Political Overview Could you tell me whether you think that globalisation has a rather positive or a rather negative effect on each of the following domains? Answers: "rather positive effect" 83%
57%
40%
Scientific and technical progress
Economic growth in our country
Employment in our country
64% 59%
Solidarity between countries
Democracy at a worldwide level
80%
56% 51% 44%
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Cultural exchange between countries
Health
Quality of public service
Environment
41%
Disparities between Northern and Southern Countries
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
9. Effects of Globalisation on Different Domains Could you tell me whether you think that globalisation has a rather positive or a rather negative effect on each of the following domains? Answers: "rather positive effect”
(+70)
(+65)
(+33)
13%
15%
31%
(+27) 32%
83%
(+20) 37%
(+22) 34%
(+14)
(-4) 48%
37%
(-7) 48%
(-12) 52%
80%
64% 59%
57%
56% 51% 44%
Scientific and technical progress
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Cultural exchange between countries
Solidarity between countries
41%
40%
Quality Environment Disparities Employment in our between of public country Northern and services Southern Countries
Democracy at Economic growth in a worldwide our country level
Health
Rather positive effect
Rather negative effect
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
10. Benefit from Globalisation For each of the following actors, could you tell me if in your opinion, it benefits from globalisation? Answers based on EU 15 average for "Yes”
87% 80%
77%
76% 68%
66%
64% 54%
38%
Multinationals
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Financial markets
European Union
United States
Japan
China
Consumers
Developing countries
Small and medium sizes companies
35%
Farmers
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
11. Anti-globalisation Movements Concerning anti or alter-globalisation movements, would you say that they ... ? Answers based on EU 15 Average
16%
33%
58%
53%
61%
79%
63%
39%
raise points that deserve to be debated
raise your awareness of certain aspects of globalisation
propose concrete solutions to globalisation
Yes, rather
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
36%
manage to slow down the process of globalisation
No, rather not
34%
succeed in influencing national political decision-makers
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
12. Level of Influence For each of the following actors, tell me if it has/they have ... on the process of globalisation. Answers based on EU 15 Averages
54% 34%
37%
34%
35%
55%
11%
66%
11%
7%
49% 75% 62%
59%
21%
24%
22%
30%
10%
15%
15%
37% 32%
32%
8%
32% 27%
25%
23%
23%
22%
21% 14%
European Union
National Governments
Our Country
International Institutions
Just the right level of influence
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
Political Parties
Anti-globalist Movements
Trade Unions
Too much influence
Financial Circles
Consumer Associations
Not enough influence
MultiNationals
United States
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
13. Levels of Trust For these actors, could you tell me if you ... for ensuring that globalisation goes in the right direction? Answers based on EU 15 Averages for "Trust”
67% 61%
60% 56% 45%
45%
42% 33%
Consumer Associations
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe
European Union
Our Country
International Institutions
Trade Unions
National Governments
Anti-globalist Movements
Financial Circles
31%
MultiNationals
28%
28%
Political Parties
United States
Flash Eurobarometer 151b EUROBAROMETER
conclusion • Globalisation process does not frighten the citizens of the European Union. • European Union citizens would like to see more regulation to accompany (rather not to combat) this process. • One must participate in globalisation if one wishes to control it effectively.
GLOBALISATION The Voice of Europe