Infection Control - ProHealth Care [PDF]

Infection Control

Kathleen Kaiser BS, RN, CIC Infection Control ProHealth CareWaukesha and Oconomowoc Memorial Hospital

Standard Precautions • Applies to all patients in the hospital regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status • This applies to all patients – Blood – All body fluids, secretions and excretions; except sweatwhether blood is visible or not – Non-intact skin – Mucous membranes • Proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must be worn appropriately – Gowns – Gloves – Masks – Goggles

Transmission Based Precautions • Different PPE is worn based on how an illness is transmitted • ProHealth Care has five separate isolation precautions: – – – – –

Airborne Airborne Strict Droplet Contact Resistant Contact

Airborne Precautions • Patient must be placed in negative airflow with door shut • PPE: – regular isolation mask for confirmed or suspected measles – N95 mask for confirmed or suspected TB • Nursing students must not take care of these patients

Airborne Strict Precautions • Patient must be placed in a negative airflow room with the door shut • PPE: a gown is worn whenever entering the room in addition: – Regular isolation mask for chickenpox or disseminated Zoster (shingles) – N95 mask for smallpox, monkeypox, SARS and unknown emerging illnesses • Nursing students must not take care of these patients

Droplet Precautions • Regular private room • PPE: Wear a regular isolation mask • Door can be open • Common illness include: – Influenza – Pneumonia – Neisseria Meningitis – Pertussis (whopping cough) – Rubella (mumps) – MRSA in sputum • In addition to resistant contact

Contact Precautions • •

•

Regular private room PPE: gown and gloves when you will come into contact with patient or environment – Gloves only if brief encounter with environment • Picking up/dropping off tray • Hanging IV fluids Common illness include – C. Difficile diarrhea – Cellulitis – Lice – When awaiting wound cultures

C-Diff Diarrhea • In addition to green contact sign – c-d-c-d-c-d sign placed

• Hands must be washed with soap and water – Alcohol hand rub does not kill spores

• Room must be cleaned with bleach • Do not discontinue isolation until room is cleaned with bleach

c-d-c-d-c-d-c-d

Resistant Contact Precautions • • •

Regular private room PPE: Gown and gloves every time you enter the room Organisms include: – MRSA- Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – VRE- Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus – ESBL- Extended Spectrum Beta Lactmase • Gram Negative organisms that are resistant to 3rd generation Cephalosporins

Removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) correctly is as important as putting it on! • Pull gown away from you to break tabs • Avoid reaching behind you to untie belt • Pull gown off arms carefully to avoid contaminating clothes gathering it up in hands • Remove gloves with inside of gown sleeve or ungloved hand • Place in garbage • Clean hands with soap and water or alcohol hand rub • Remove mask by straps and goggles by stems and clean hands again • If patient is in Airborne/Airborne strict do not remove mask or goggles until you have left room

Hand Hygiene is the number one way to stop the spread of infection • One hundred percent compliance with hand hygiene is expected from all healthcare workers and students – It is a good idea to use the doorway as the cue to clean hands. • Clean hands when going in or out of room • That way you will never forget to clean hands before or after touching a patient Clean hands with alcohol hand rub when hands are not visibly soiled

• Use soap and water when your hands are visibly soiled or if your patient has confirmed or suspected C. Difficile diarrhea

Thank you! Questions? Feel free to call me Kathy Kaiser Infection Control 262-928-7118