International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP
International railway nodes between Catalonia, Languedoc – Roussillon and Midy-Pyrénées
Ricard Riol Jurado 1
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 1. Previous meetings Public transport associations from north and south of Pyrenees are compromised with the free mobility of citizens in the European Union September 2010: Festa del Tren a Portbou March 2012: IX EPF Assembly. Focus on FR-ES connections July 2013: Meeting at Vilafranca de Conflent. Start of alliance. December 2013: Inauguration of international HSL service. July 2014: Work meeting at Figueres.
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 2. Regional trains in the cross-border section
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 2. Regional trains in the cross-border section
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 2. Regional trains in the cross-border section From State Railways conceptualization to the Region administration and development
•1986. SNCF develops TER service, includding the TER Languedoc-Rousillon and the TER Midi-Pyrénées •2000. A law of solidarity and urban renovation (SRU) proposes the transference of competencies of transport to the Conseil Régional (Regional Council). •2002. Regions Council become AOT: Authority of Organisation of Transport, and manage* the TER services instead of the State. SNCF is the only one operator that can provide the service to the regions.
•1987-1988 Renfe develops some Regional services with old self-propelled long distance trains •1992. Renfe inaugurates the Catalunya Exprés network, covering main relations within Mediterranian Corridor and Lleida •2006. The new Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia propose the transference of regional and commuter trains from the State to this region. •2010. Generalitat de Catalunya manages the Barcelona’s commuter trains, operated by Renfe. •2011. Generalitat de Catalunya manages the Catalonia’s regional trains, operated by Renfe.
Until this moment, in both cases the railway operator is a State company under a regional government, that mainly manages fares, timetables, inspections and financial conditions. The use of the rolling stock is a negotiation between regional government and the State company.
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 2. Regional trains in the cross-border section
Languedoc – Rousillon
Midi-Pyrénées
Serveis regionals Catalunya (1)
1.474
1.485
862
Number of stations
132
146
127
Trains per day
236
356
105
Million Train-km per year
7,1
9,5
Buses per day
53
80
20.000
30.000
33.458
7.300.000
11.000.000
11.100.000
2,7% of France
4,2% of France
42% of Spain
523
984,3 (2008)
Budget (2)
117 M€ (2009)
156,57 M€ (2009)
14'8 (3) M€
Parc mòbil
88 (estimated)
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Year 2011 Km of network
Average daily demand Yearly demand Fraction of national regional demand Yearly million Passenger-km
(1) Barcelona’s commuter trains not included, with 476 km of lines (2) Cost of service payed with subventions. In France it also includes some infraestructure maintenance (3) Only operative costs
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
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Financing
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
Financing
THREE STRATEGIES / TERMS TO HAVE IN CONSIDERATION
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Coordination of several punctual trains. Currently it difficult the coordination between Renfe and SNCF. Lots of trains could cross borders but they don't do it. Adding only one more station crossing the border, with current timetables, more transfers could be guaranteed Too much timetables exceptions in SNCF. Different timetables for spring-summer and autumnwinter in the case of Renfe Passport controls delay trains and do impossible the connections
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Enable a cadence timetable in one or both sides. If one operator establishes high frequency and cadence it would be easier to transfer considering the timetables of the other side. The best option would be cadence in both sides to reduce time transfer and maximize the possibilities of transfer.
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Direct trains across the border. Two options can be considered: Automatic gauge change trains, like the Talgo or CAF Alvia Implementation of Standard gauge in Iberian side
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
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Financing
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
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Financing
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
Financing
-Not standarized fare for each km -Not harmonised fares between long distance and regional trains in Spain -Different criteria for social protection (for example limits of age for young and old people) -Different concept of recurrency (10 trips, one week, one month…) -Different treatment of travel groups
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
Last agreements between Generalitat de Catalunya and Renfe State Operator allowed to improve the seats of trains running at R3 international line between Tor de Querol and Barcelona. 12
Financing
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
Regional trains in France
Financing
Regional trains indeCatalonia Serveis Regionals Catalunya Subvention from Spanish State; 15; 25%
Tickets sold in Catalonia; 45; 75% Source: unknown
Aproximately figures in million €. Year 2011. Source: Renfe 2012 Yearbook.
In both cases the State is providing the main economical sources to the regional service, with a growing participation of Regional Governments in order to extend the service and to applicate other improvements. The subvention condicions are very different in Spain and France: 25-35% in front of 60-75%
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort ●
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Renfe: Occupation coincident with the European average : 121 passenger train. Renfe: Better production trainkilometers per employee across the Union : 5,470 miles, almost twice the average: 2,940 kilometers per worker. Renfe: The offer rail service is subsidized 66% less than in the whole of the European Union , with an average grant of 5.75 Euros per train kilometer compared to 16.74 Euros per train-kilometer average.
Oferta Demanda Personal. ferroviaria. Miles ferroviaria de Incluyendo de trenesviajeros. Millones mercancías. kilómetro. de viajeroskilómetro Austria Bélgica Bulgaria República Checa Alemania Dinamarca Estonia Grecia España Finlandia Francia Hungría Irlanda Italia Lituania Luxemburgo Letonia Holanda Polonia Portugal Rumanía Suecia Eslovenia Eslovaquia Reino Unido Promedio
96.667 81.375 24.181 120.924 687.179 57.667 2.650 18.318 177.212 35.079 408.850 88.393 13.666 282.826 5.432 6.134 5.862 110.820 122.917 31.603 231.000 44.100 11.673 31.319 455.234 126.043
7.403 8.913 2.264 6.324 76.909 5.983 245 1.599 21.461 3.940 77.000 7.923 1.876 44.707 235 246 865 15.895 19.628 4.085 6.805 10.462 713 2.077 51.348 15.156
Financing
Subvenciones públicas en servicio y mantenimiento de vías. En millones de Euros
43.484 36.810 33.269 56.951 177.500 11.447 1.972 6.856 32.398 10.109 159.265 22.249 4.906 93.611 10.717 2.993 13.520 27.383 121.663 7.742 64.567 0 8.010 34.060 89.638 42.845
Ocupación media. Número de viajeros.
1.900 2.666 121 407 13.234 1.125 16 397 1.019 461 10.326 815 728 8.000 9 411 50 1.943 277 84 553 1.113 153 286 6.650 2.110
77 110 94 52 112 104 92 87 121 112 188 90 137 158 43 40 148 143 160 129 29 237 61 66 113 120
Source: Report for the European Comission: http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/EU/XXIV/EU/10/49/EU_104980/imfname_10391682.pdf
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Miles de Subvención Subvención trenesen Euros por en Euros por kilómetro por tren-kilómetro viajero-km trabajador
2,22 2,21 0,73 2,12 3,87 5,04 1,34 2,67 5,47 3,47 2,57 3,97 2,79 3,02 0,51 2,05 0,43 4,05 1,01 4,08 3,58 -1,46 0,92 5,08 2,94
19,66 32,76 5,00 3,37 19,26 19,51 6,04 21,67 5,75 13,14 25,26 9,22 53,27 28,29 1,66 67,00 8,53 17,53 2,25 2,66 2,39 5,24 13,11 9,13 14,61 16,74
0,26 0,30 0,05 0,06 0,17 0,19 0,07 0,25 0,05 0,12 0,13 0,10 0,39 0,18 0,04 1,67 0,06 0,12 0,01 0,02 0,08 0,11 0,21 0,14 0,13 0,14
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
Source: La Vie du Rail
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Financing
€/tren-km
Operative cost
Subsidy
Economic coberty with tickets
Alsace
16,03
9,18
42,73%
Aquitaine
19,54
14,51
25,74%
Auvergne
17,99
14,13
21,46%
Bourgogne
19,81
13,59
31,40%
Bretagne
17,56
11,84
32,57%
Centre
22,65
15,56
31,30%
Champagne – Ardenne
21,27
15,34
27,88%
Franche – Comté
20,56
16,53
19,60%
Languedoc – Rousillon
22,73
15,82
30,40%
Limousin
16,92
14,49
14,36%
Lorraine
19,66
15,17
22,84%
Midi-Pyrénées
22,79
17,03
25,27%
Basse – Normandie
20,39
15,96
21,73%
Haute – Normandie
21,28
15,93
25,14%
Nord Pas-de-Calais
21,06
10,77
48,86%
Pays de la Loire
14,31
7,63
46,68%
Picardie
23,47
11,25
52,07%
Poitou – Charentes
19,78
15,14
23,46%
PACA
25,87
18,39
28,91%
Rhône - Alpes Media
22,19 20,72
14,81 12,83
33,26% 38,08%
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 3. Problems to solve Connections Information Ticketing Comfort
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Financing
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.1 Opportunities: nearest managing of rail services
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.1 Opportunities: nearest managing of rail services
Nîmes - Le Gran du Roi
07/2011
Béziers - Bédarieux
12/2012
La Bastide - Marvejols
06/2012
Carcassone - Quillan
03/2012
Perpignan - Villefranche
12/2011
•200 000 voyages / an avant l'application du nouveau tarif 695 000 après + 145 % de fréquentation entre Carcassonne et Quillan + 170 % de fréquentation entre Nîmes et Le Grau du Roi + 170 % de fréquentation entre Villefranche et Perpignan + 30 % entre Ceilhes et Béziers + 60 % entre Marvejols et La Bastide
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.1 Opportunities: nearest managing of rail services Objectives: To duplicate passengers Works: 550 km of renewed tracks, 25 km of duplicated track, 250 km of signaling modernization, 20 modernized bridges, and increasing of capacity in Toulouse Matabiau Station Investment: 820 M€ Résea Ferré de France (Etat) 179 22%
EU - Feder 48 6%
Conseil Régional MidiPyrénées 400 48%
Etat 193 24%
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2002
2012
Trains
150 dessertes/jour
348 dessertes/jour
TER
5 millions de voyages/an
11,8 millions de voyages/an
53 liaisons/jour
53 liaisons/jour
4 300 000 km parcourus
6 458 120 km parcourus
2,1 millions de voyages/an
1,2 millions de voyages/an
Autocars
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.1 Opportunities: nearest managing of rail services
Increasing services: For first time from 1992, new scheduled trains in Tarragona and Girona areas. Improvements in lines R3 (Puigcerdà – BCN) and others. New half-direct trains in R3 and R4 lines Enlarging fare integration: All the regional trains are integrated in the common fare system for bus and train in Tarragona.
Rodalies de Girona
Rodalies del Camp de Tarragona 20
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.2 Opportunities: synergies between regional trains and HST
Definitively opened standard gauge and fast connection through Pyrenees 80s: First attemption to connect Barcelona with France, under the liderage of Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC)
1996: HSL Barcelona – France is aproved by the State but as an extension of radial project Madrid – Barcelona.
1990: FGC concluded the feasibility study and project of the new HSL. Spanish Goverment rejects to priorize this internacional connection due to the prority of radial projects from Madrid
2008: Inauguration of the HSL Madrid – Barcelona
1995: Generalitat de Catalunya concludes the land reserves in order to make easier the construction of the line, competence of the State
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2011: Inauguration of the international HSL section between Perpignan and Figueres 2012: Inauguration of the HSL Barcelona - Figueres 2013: First direct services, operated by Renfe and SNCF
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.3 Opportunities: optimize the transfer border stations A strange reciprocity at border stations Hendaye
Oloron St.Marie
La Tor de Querol
Canfranc Irun
Figueres Vilafant
Portbou
Puigcerdà Iberian Gauge Standard Gauge Closed connection
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Perpinyà
Cervera de la Marenda
Metric Gauge (Train Jaune SNCF) Metric Gauge (Topo. EuskoTren)
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.3 Opportunities: to optimize the transfer border stations NOW Cervera de la Marenda
PROPOSAL Cervera de la Marenda
Iberian Gauge
NOW La Tor de Q.
PROPOSAL La Tor de Q.
Puigcerdà
Puigcerdà
Standard Gauge Proposed change of gauge
Portbou
Portbou
•Double stop •Standard gauge between Cervera de la Marenda and Portbou and Girona 23
•Centralization of interchanges at Puigcerdà •Metric gauge instead of Iberian gauge between la Tor de Q. and Puigcerdà
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.3 Opportunities: to optimize the transfer border stations TOR DE QUEROL
N PUIGCERDÀ
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: taking profit of new cross-border hospital Current situation SNCF TOLOUSE LINE Standard gauge: 1.435 mm
TRAIN JAUNE Standard gauge: 1.000 mm
RENFE BCN LINE Iberian gauge: 1.668 mm
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: taking profit of new cross-border hospital Proposal #1 SNCF TOLOUSE LINE Extension of this standard line to Puigcerdà changing the gauge of current Iberian Renfe line through 3,7 km
TRAIN JAUNE Variant of 3,4 km which 0,5 first km would be new and 2,9 km using the current not-inservice standard line
RENFE BCN LINE New end at Puigcerdà 26
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: taking profit of new cross-border hospital Proposal #2 SNCF TOLOUSE LINE Extension of this standard line to Puigcerdà changing the gauge of current Iberian Renfe line through 3,7 km
TRAIN JAUNE Variant of 4,3 km which 2,7 first km would be new and 1,4 km using the current not-inservice standard line
RENFE BCN LINE New end at Puigcerdà 27
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: taking profit of new cross-border hospital Proposal #3 SNCF TOLOUSE LINE Extension of this standard line to Puigcerdà changing the gauge of current Iberian Renfe line through 3,7 km
TRAIN JAUNE Variant of 4,5 km which 3,1 first km would be new and 1,4 km using the current not-inservice standard line
RENFE BCN LINE New end at Puigcerdà 28
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: the experience of FGC
Línia amenaçada de tancament per FEVE Gestió de servei i d'infraestructura transferida Línia de dèbil “trànsit”
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Model “low cost” en uns inicis Electrificació Ampliació i millora del servei. Cada 2 hores, cada hora, cada 30 minuts
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: the experience of FGC Evolution of passengers in Martorell – Igualada FGC brach
Source: “Ejemplo de explotación de débil tráfico: La línea Martorell – Igualada de los FGC.” Universidad de la Coruña. Fundación de la Ingeniería Civil de Galicia. Miquel Llevat
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.4 Opportunities: the experience of FGC
Low commercial development and few trains > Less passengers > Higher economic problems
Success model in railway low cost operation and sky and moutanins promotion. 31
Source: Josep M. Farré – Railpictures.net
Source: Valldenuria.cat
International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.5 Opportunities: to take profit of technologies
Vía LIbre
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.5 Opportunities: to take profit of technologies
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.5 Opportunities: to take profit of technologies
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.5 Opportunities: to take profit of technologies
Source: Flickr - The STB
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP 4.5 Opportunities: to take profit of technologies
In front of absence of infrastructure, two countries are able to connect their railways by ferry... Why can't we ensure more direct connections when the rail infrastructure is continuous?
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International railway nodes between CAT – LR – MP
Ricard Riol Jurado www.transportpublic.org
[email protected] 93 244 49 70
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