Min Zhao - JoVE [PDF]

실험과 수치 절차는 다양 한 평면 (z 축) 홀로그램 및 시간 축에서 홀로그램 비디오 프레임의 재건을 위해 빠른 재구성 알고리즘으로 통합 됩니다. ...... 이 neuroprotection의 메커니즘을 이해 하기

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Articles by Min Zhao

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ARTICLES BY MIN ZHAO IN JoVE



BIOENGINEERING

Brian Reid1 , Min Zhao1 1 Dermatology, University of California, Davis

, .

2D 3D

BIOENGINEERING

Xiaoting Meng*1 , Wenfei Li*2,3 , Fraser Young1 , Runchi Gao3 , Laura Chalmers 3 , Min Zhao3 , Bing Song1 1 School of Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering & Repair, Cardiff University, 2 Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University School of Medicine, 3 Dermatology and Ophthalmology Research, Institute for Regenerative Cures,

University of California at Davis

electrotactic 2D 3D



BIOLOGY

Guillaume Luxardi1 , Brian Reid1 , Fernando Ferreira1,2 , Pauline Maillard3 , Min Zhao1,4 1 Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, 2 Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Universidade do Minho, 3 Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience,

University of California, Davis Imaging of Dementia and Aging Laboratory, 4 Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis

OTHER ARTICLES BY MIN ZHAO ON PUBMED

Amperometric Analytica Chimica Acta. Jan, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 17723349

. . . 3 : , . electroactive , (Ag/AgCl +0.65 V) . . , , . , . . Ascorbic , , . Monier AOAC .

: Topcon SP2000P Tec. The British Journal of Ophthalmology. Jul, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17576715

Reperfusion The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. Jul, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17588423

reperfusion (LIRI) biphasically postulated. neutrophil LIRI predominates. LIRI , macrophage (NO), chemotaxis vasodilator .

Semiautomated Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Jul, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17591876

semiautomated .

P100 ' ' Methylated Ligands Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. Aug, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17632523

p100 . SN (TSN) U ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) , p100 RNA p100 . p100 p100 TSN . . Snrnps spliceosome p100 . p100 .

Aerosolization The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Jul, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17637186

excipients aerosolization . (L-, ) ( , dextran) excipients . . , . aerosolization Aerolizer . . . 2-4 microm . . , L- . 67.3 ± 1.3% respirable L 11.2 ± 3.9% ± 2.5%, 23.5 respirable . , . L , aerosolization .

[ Laminoplasty C5 ] Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Peking University. Health Sciences. Aug, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17657280

(DPSEH) laminoplasty, c 5 DPSEH . c 5 3 laminoplasty DPSEH . 78 5-6 , myelopathy laminoplasty . 3 . . 9 . C3-C4 . 5 . , DPSEH . c 5 . DPSEH .

EGF Journal of Cell Science. Oct, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17881501

metastasise . depolarisation . . ? . , . EGF (EGFR/ErbB1) . ErbB1 electrotactic MTC . Erbb1 MTLn3 . ErbB1, Erbb2 ErbB3 ErbB MTLn3 MDA-MB-435 transfection EF . ErbB .

Acellular Allograft Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery. Nov, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17979061

acellular . Autografting (AG, 6 ), allografting (FNG, 3 ) 15 acellular allografting (, 6 ) . , 5 cm midthigh . 6 AG . , AG tibial . FNG . acellular allografting 5cm autografting .

The Journal of Endocrinology. Dec, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 18000303

. : Oct4, Sox2, CD34 25 pancreases exocrine . Oct4, Sox2, CD34 Mrnas exocrine . Immunohistochemical Oct4 Sox2, CD133, CD34, CK19, nestin Oct4(+ve) . Sox2(+ve) . Sox2(+ve) Oct4 . Oct4 Sox2 coexpression CK19, CD34, CD133, nestin pancreases . Oct4(+ve) Sox2(+ve) 1-200 100 000 1-30 .

[Cubital Ulnar ] Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhongguo Xiufu Chongjian Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery. Nov, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 18069473

ulnar cubital ulnar .

Pedicled Submental [ ] Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. Nov, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 18300450

oropharynx pedicled submental .

Retinae, Dopaminergic Neurotransmission Isoprostanes Prejunctional Neurochemical Research. Jan, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 17674205

retinae (K +)-depolarization-isoprostanes (IsoPs) [3h] . retinae [3h] superfusion [3h] . 8-iso (15R) PGF 2alpha, 8 isoPGE2 8 isoPGE1 8-isoPGF 2alpha retinae [3h] . 1 Microm IsoP agonists : 8 iso (15R) PGF 2alpha > 8isoPGE2 > 8-isoPGE1 > 8-isoPGF 2alpha. Flurbiprofen cyclooxygenase (COX) 8-Isopge2 (10 Nm 10 microM), 8iso (15R) PGF 2alpha (1 microM) 8-isoPGE1 (1 microM). EP1/EP2 , 6809 (10 microM) K + -[3h] 8-isoPGE1 (10 microM) 8isoPGE2 (10 microM) . , IsoPs K +- prostanoids EP retinae [3h] .

Telangiectasia Mutation Research. Feb, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 17928013

ATM . ATM GC , ATM 20 exons 40 GC (DHPLC) DNA . , ATM mRNA RT-PCR ser1981 GC microarray immunohistochemical . 5 40 (15%), 6 . , ATM . , 5 70 GC , phosphorylated ATM (P < 0.05). ATM GC .

Ca2 + Ca2 + Re-endothelialization Journal of Cellular Physiology. Mar, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 17941082

Endothelialization restenosis . ([Ca2+] (o)) endothelialization. Ca2 + denudation ([Ca2+] (i)) endothelialization . ( , HUVEC) , [Ca2+](i) denudation re-endothelialization. denudation [Ca2+](i) endothelialization . , Ca(2+) denudation [Ca2+](i) , endothelialization . Depletes Ca2 + Thapsigargin [Ca2+](i) endothelialization. Xestospongin C (XeC) Ca2 + Ca2 + 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) , Ca2 + denudation endothelialization . Purinergic suramin Ca(2+) re-endothelialization. Ca2 +, Ca2 + , Ca2 + endothelialization denudation .

Opioid Myocytes Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology. Jan, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18047635

1. opioid myocytes (ERK) . 2. Concentratins 10 micromol/L, [D Ala2, D Leu5] 10 nmol/L enkephalin (DADLE) DNA cytoskeleton . 3. 1 Micromol/L DADLE ERK . 4. 1 micromol/l DADLE 10 micromol/L naltrindole, opioid , 10 nmol/L U0126, ERK , 1 micromol/L staurosporine, (PK) C 100 micromol/L - 3', 5'- monophosphorothioate triethylammonium (-), PKA . 5. , opioid myocytes . ERK , PKC PKA, .

Deswelling Poloxamers Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Feb, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18234998

Dextran T500, (OC) deswelling (ECs) . dextran OC deswelling poloxamers .

in Vivo Journal of Biomedical Optics. Jan-Feb, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18315365

. 3 . vivo . 3 . (z ) . . postreconstruction Xenopos tadpoles , , . 3 .

Dendrimer Carboxylates Dioxygen Journal of the American Chemical Society. Apr, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18331028

Metalloenzymes , . monooxygenases, diiron(II) [Fe2 ([G-3] COO) 4(4RPy) 2] [G-3] COO- 3 dendrimer terphenyl ligand 4 RPy pyridine . dendrimer diiron terphenyl 300-fold dioxygen ([G-1] COO-) ligands. , , Mössbauer, FeIIFeIII x- [Fe2 ([G-3] COO) 4(4-PPy) 2], 4 PPy 4 pyrrolidinopyridine. superoxo . diiron dioxygen, .

Hippocampal Journal of Cellular Physiology. Aug, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18393356

(CNS) . (EFs) . EF 120 mV/mm, hippocampal . . explant EF . (Rho ) PI3 kinase (phosphoinositide-3 kinase) EF mechanistically, directedness . hippocampal Efs EFs CNS .

[Peginterferon -2a Ribavirin Aminotransferase C ] Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi = Zhonghua Ganzangbing Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Hepatology. Apr, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18423159

Basolateral Drosophila Genetics. Apr, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18430928

Fasciclin2 (Fas2) Discslarge (Dlg) basolateral (BLJ) . BLJ dlg tumorigenesis genomewide . BLJ , (lgl) (scrib) (wts) BLJ ( ), . Scrib, wts, Fas2 lgl tumorigenesis . , scrib, wts, BLJ Wts , dlg . Apicolateral (), (), ( ) spatio- Wts . Wts , CyclinE DIAP1, , , fas2 dlg lgl wts, . , BLJ . Wts .

[ ] Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi = Journal of Biomedical Engineering = Shengwu Yixue Gongchengxue Zazhi. Feb, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18435283

(ECs) denued () . denuded . pathologyical (TEM), immunohistochemically. ECs denuded . ECs 4 ~ 5 Ecs CK3 . Ecs desmosomal hemidesmosomes . , .

[ -Ne ] Zhongguo Zhen Jiu = Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion. Apr, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18481717

-Ne .

Apoptosis Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. Aug, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18495962

/reperfusion . () - , Horsfall 1 . Gancyclovir , apoptosis . , creatinine oliguria . .

IL 6 Hepcidin Hypoferremia Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Aug, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18541141

. . . 7d 3d . , -6 (-6) hepcidin, 3d ferroportin. -6 . , IL 6 hepcidin , hypoferremia .

Apoptosis Adrenocortical Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology : Official Journal of the Gesellschaft Für Toxikologische Pathologie. Sep, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18585907

. (CdCl2) adrenocortical apoptosis . adrenocortical Cdcl2 . Cdcl2 apoptosis fluorescein isothiocyanate annexin V propidium cytometer . (SAPK) immunoprecipitation . 2 apoptotic . (P < 0.01). Apoptosis 50micromol/L Cdcl2 . 1 (P < 0.01). SAPK 5 CdCl2 . , Cdcl2 15 SAPK . SAPK adrenocortical CdCl2 apoptosis .

Streptozotocin PloS One. 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18628974

Pluri (MSCs) . MSCs (hMSCs) .

[Immunocompatibility Xenotransplantation ] Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhongguo Xiufu Chongjian Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery. May, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18630450

() xenotransplantation immunoreaction, .

NaCl PGE2 EP2 Natriuresis American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology. Sep, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18632796

NaCl cyclooxygenase () 2 COX2 intramedullary - . COX2 antihypertensive prostanoid . C57BL/6J NaCl COX2 microsomal E synthase1 (mPGES1) immunoblot PCR . Cytosolic E synthase prostacyclin synthase - . mPGES1 . / PGE(2). intramedullary PGE(2) uninephrectomized . Intramedullary PGE(2) (10 ng/h) (9.5 1.6 mul/ + 0.6 ± 3.3) (0.02 0.32 ± 0.05 mueq/ + 0.11) . -prostanoid (EP) receptor(s) PGE(2) natriuresis , EP prostanoids . EP(2) butaprost natriuresis (0.06 ± 0.02 0.32 ± 0.05 mueq/min) . Intramedullary PGE(2) butaprost natriuretic NaCl EP2 . , - cox2 mPGES1 PGE(2) . PGE(2) normotension EP2 .

Opioid Hyperalgesia Opioid Remifentanil N- -D-aspartate Anesthesiology. Aug, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18648240

remifentanil opioid hyperalgesia . N- -D-aspartate (NMDA) subpopulation , remifentanil NMDA .

Rne Intragenic Mrna TRNA RNase E Nucleic Acids Research. Sep, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18689439

RNase E RNA endoribonuclease. (rne 1 rne-3071) RNase E S1 RNA 5S rRNA, mRNA tRNA . , RNase E RNA . Rrna tRNA Mrna RNase E in vivo rne 1 rne-3071 3 intragenic . , tRNA 9S rRNA mRNA 3 (rne-1/172, rne-1/186 rne-1/187) - RNase E autoregulation rne 1 . (Gly 172; --> 186 Cys--> ) 187 --> Arg RNase E 5' . RNase E .

Biological Trace Element Research. 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18709494

. mammalians . . Sprague-Dawley - (0.80 mA, 1 /s, 300 ms ) 1 30 . , , . Ferritin, Transferrin (TfR), divalent 1 ( DMT1) lactoferrin (Lf), 1 (IRP1) . , . , ferritin, IRP1, Tfr DMT1 Lf. . IRP1 Tfr ferritin .

[Apoptosis Adrenocortical B ] Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi = Zhonghua Laodong Weisheng Zhiyebing Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Mar, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18761788

Adrenocortical apoptosis (CdCl2) B (PKB/Akt) .

Ctl Preproinsulin Epitope -1 The Journal of Clinical Investigation. Oct, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18802479

, , -1 . Ctl epitope . , HLA A2 ( A * 0201 ) preproinsulin 2 epitopes . () . , epitopes HLA effector CD8 + T -A2 + 1 . , preproinsulin CD8 + T . , preproinsulin epitope , CTL . autoreactive Ctl -1 . pathophysiological . autoreactive Ctl - -1 , .

[ Cubital Ulnar Ulnar ] Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhongguo Xiufu Chongjian Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery. Sep, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18822724

cubital ulnar ulnar .

[ GC-MS ] Zhong Yao Cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials. May, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18826137

.

Apoptosis Luteolin Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. Nov, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18972039

alkynyl luteolin analogues, HepG2 TNF- apoptosis 12 luteolin TNF , alkynyl luteolin analogues .

Fcrl3 Polymorphisms, HLA Behçet Molecular Vision. 2008 | Pubmed ID: 19050767

Behçet (BD) -B51 (hla B51) . , BD HLA . (FCRL3), Fc 3 polymorphisms-169 C/T,-110A/G, 358 C/G 1381A/g, . fcrl3 polymorphisms bd .

Ex Vivo 8-isoprostaglandin E 2 Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. Oct, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 19088946

isoprostanes (IsoPs) exogenously . , Isops . ex vivo intravitreally 8-iso-pge(2) . apoptosis DAPI hematoxylin , . , 8-iso-pge(2) intravitreal apoptosis . , 8-iso-PGE(2) GABA . 8-Iso-PGE(2) (1, 100 microM) (P < 0.001) 33.9%, 48.0% . 8-Iso-PGE(2) (100 microM) (P < 0.01) 37.7%, 35.5% . IsoP GABA . , 8-iso-PGE(2) ex vivo .

Isoprostanes Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. Nov, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 19229378

Isoprostanes cyclooxygenase vivo . , 8-isoprostanes . uvea 8-isoprostanes neurotransmission . Thromboxane (TP) (NE) isoprostanes . 8isoprostanes [3h]-D-aspartate . 8Isoprostanes E (EP) TP . 8Isoprostanes uvea neurotransmission . 8isoprostanes prostanoid TP EP . isoprostanes .

[ Microarray .] Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer. Jun, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 20731937

. microarray .

2-Butyl-1,3-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,2e][1,3]oxazine Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2008 | Pubmed ID: 21201172

, C (28) H (27) NO oxazine - . naphthyl 2 15, 34 (1) 76.51 (1) °.

1-{Phen-yl[1-(p-tol-yl)ethyl-amino]meth-yl}-2naphthol Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2008 | Pubmed ID: 21201203

C (26) H (25) NO 2-naphthol, 1-(p-tol-yl) , p--sulfonic benzaldehyde. 3 -ecules conformations . Intra-molecular O HN C HO Waals ecules .

() DNA DNA Schiff Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry. Jan, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 18950869

Mn(II) , MnL (L = (E)-3-((1-carboxyethylimino)methyl)-4hydroxybenzenesulfonate), . voltammetry (CV) MnL DNA . MnL (GCE) DNA (dsDNA) . MnL , DNA carboxyl (MWCNTs-COOH, DNA ) functionalized multiwall . 6.7 X 10(-10) M 8.4 x 10(-9) M DNA (ssDNA) (r = 0.9922). 1.4 X 10(-10) M (3 , n = 9) .

[ 1 Immunocytes ] Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue = Chinese Critical Care Medicine = Zhongguo Weizhongbing Jijiuyixue. Jan, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19141186

1 (HMGB1) (), immunocytes pathogenesis 2 I-A(b).

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology. Aug, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19146969

(EFs) 150 . , "" . EFs . ( , ) . Electrotaxis galvanotaxis PI3 kinases/Pten, integrins . Integrin beta4 PI3 kinase/Pten (Phosphoinositide /3kinases tensin ) . . : ? , .

- FEBS Letters. Feb, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19162022

- (Abeta) (AD) potentiation (LTP) . Abeta oligomeric . , Abeta 4 (scFv) scFv . scFv Abeta eptitope Abeta . scFv Abeta .

Organelles, Hippocampus. Sep, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19280605

. . (EFs) . , hippocampal ( glial ) . neurite microtubule 2 Golgi centrosome, . kinases () phosphoinositide 3-kinase , neurite EF Golgi EF directedness. hippocampal , , .

[PEGFP-bFGF Limbal ] Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi = Journal of Biomedical Engineering = Shengwu Yixue Gongchengxue Zazhi. Feb, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19334574

HLSCs AE5 . PEGFP-Bfgf liposome limbal 48 , . transfeetion 20%-30%. Naoh . 4 : , bFGF, Naoh bFGF + NaOH. MTT apoptosis confocal . BFGF + NaOH NaOH (P < 0.05), apoptosis (P < 0.05). PEGFP bbGF HLSCs . bFGF HLSCs Naoh . recombined .

CD127 -1 CD8 T Apoptosis European Journal of Immunology. May, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19350559

-1 CD8 T CD127 . 51 -1 16 CD8 T CD127 CD127 -1 CD8 T apoptosis . CD8 T CD127 -1 CD8 T apoptosis . -7 CD8 T -1 apoptosis . -7 transiently - CD127 CD127(-) CD8 T CD127 IL 7 . , -7 CD127(+) cd127 apoptosis (-) CD8 T . CD127 -7 CD8 T apoptosis -1 . , -7 immunotherapy -1 .

N546 Beta18-beta19 Thuringiensis Cry1Ac Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. Jun, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19416731

N546 beta18 beta19 thuringiensis Cry1Ac . BBMV . oligomerisation N546 , n546a BBMV, BBMV . N546 III BBMV insecticidal Cry1Ac .

[HEV Capsid CYP 2a6 Coumarin 7 Hydroxylation ] Bing Du Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Virology / [bian Ji, Bing Du Xue Bao Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui]. Jan, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19437879

E 2 E capsid . P239 e 2 C- antigenically virions self-assemble . e 2 hepatocyte cDNA 2- . P450 2A6 metabolization (aa388-437) . coumrarin matebolised cyp2a6 . co immunoprecipitation HEV capsid CYP2A6 . p239 CYP2A6 Huh7 incubated CYP2A6 . CYP2A6 HEV .

Vogt- - (VKH) Fcrl3 Polymorphisms Molecular Vision. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19452015

Fc 3 (FCRL3) immunoregulatory polymorphisms . fcrl3 polymorphisms Vogt- - (VKH) .

RLEdb: , , , Cell Research. Jun, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19468287

[ Galectin 3, CDC25B MRNA ] Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Yixue Yichuanxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics. Jun, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19504441

Galectin-3 CDC25B mRNA .

Prostanoid 8-isoprostaglandin E 2 Neurochemical Research. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19513831

8-isoprostaglandin e 2 prostanoid (isoPGE2 8) , . HPLC ECD Krebs incubated Isops intravitreally . 8 isoPGE2 , . cyclooxygenase (COX)-, flurbiprofen, c o X-2 , NS-398 thromboxane (Tx) synthase , furegrelate 8-isoPGE2 (1-100 µ M) . TP- SQ 29548(10 µM) , -19220(EP1; 30 µM), AH-6809(EP(1-3); 30 µ M) 23848(EP4; 30 µM) 8 Isopge2 (0.01-100 µ M) , , . prostanoid EP- ex vivo 8-Isopge2 .

[Trilobate , ] Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhonghua Zhengxing Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery. Mar, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19558156

.

Theophylline , Analytica Chimica Acta. Sep, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19720197

SI . theophylline (CRM), (HPLC) (DSC) . (IT MS TOF) HPLC . Theophylline CRM 0.1% 99.82% (k = 2). HPLC DSC . CRM .

[ FDG PET ] Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi. Apr, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19731822

18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG PET) .

Xenopus Developmental Biology. Nov, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19733557

Xenopus laevis tadpoles , 45 . 45 . " " . . . . 12-24 h post-amputation 40 tadpoles 45 . ( 40 ; 45 ). . 45 48, , 45 . .

- Oligomeric Neurotoxicology. Nov, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19744518

- (Abeta) (AD) . Abeta , Abeta Abeta . , , . neuroprotection Abeta42 , Abeta42 fibril thioflavin T (ThT), (TEM), (CD) MTT Abeta42 , . Abeta42 fibril Abeta42 oligomerization . ELISA resveratrol Abeta42 . Abeta Abeta , abeta42 Abeta42 Abeta42 Abeta42 oligomeric .

Electrotaxis : Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.). 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19763960

, . . . vectorial , . . , galvanotaxis/electrotaxis . , in vivo . vivo . . . . electrotaxis .

Ellagic Acid Promotes Abeta42 Fibrillization and Inhibits Abeta42-induced Neurotoxicity Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19878655

Smaller, soluble oligomers of beta-amyloid (Abeta) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Selective inhibition of Abeta oligomer formation provides an optimum target for AD therapy. Some polyphenols have potent anti-amyloidogenic activities and protect against Abeta neurotoxicity. Here, we tested the effects of ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenolic compound, on Abeta42 aggregation and neurotoxicity in vitro. EA promoted Abeta fibril formation and significant oligomer loss, contrary to previous results that polyphenols inhibited Abeta aggregation. The results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Western blot displayed more fibrils in Abeta42 samples co-incubated with EA in earlier phases of aggregation. Consistent with the hypothesis that plaque formation may represent a protective mechanism in which the body sequesters toxic Abeta aggregates to render them harmless, our MTT results showed that EA could significantly reduce Abeta42-induced neurotoxicity toward SHSY5Y cells. Taken together, our results suggest that EA, an active ingredient in many fruits and nuts, may have therapeutic potential in AD.

Cicatricial Microstomia , Bipedicled Epigastric Perforator Annals of Plastic Surgery. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19887932

, , bipedicled epigastric perforator (DIEP ) 20 cicatricial microstomia postburn . DIEP perforator . Bipedicled DIEP 4 . , bipedicled DIEP faciocervical . , , bipedicled DIEP , .

BMC Gastroenterology. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19912618

(PS) . mammalians .

HMGB1 Monocytes Zymosan MHC- Chinese Journal of Traumatology = Zhonghua Chuang Shang Za Zhi / Chinese Medical Association. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19930903

HMGB1 (monocytes , monocytes splenocytes hmgb1 MHC)-II---I-A(b) (), 1 (HMGB1) .

[ CD147 E Cadherin ] Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Oncology]. Jul, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19950699

clinicopathological CD147 E cadherin .

BMC Genomics. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19958496

, . , .

[ IL 18 Pichia Pastoris .] Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19961791

IL 18 Pichia pastoris .

[ .] Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 20193319

3 (MS) ' MS ': (1) (IDF), (2) , , (3) , , . MS .

4-Methoxy-anilinium Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 21577843

, C H (7) (10) (+) ·Cl(-), 4-methoxy- chloric . inter-molecular N HCl .

1, 1'-(2-Thienylmethylene) -2-naphthol Solvate Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 21583124

, C (25) H (18) O (2) S·C(4)H(8)O(2), ecule inter-molecular O HO . Thio phene 75.36 (4) 70.87 (7) 2 ° naphthyl .

4-(6-Quinolyl-oxymeth-yl) Benzonitrile Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 21583126

, C (17) H (12) N (2) O, quinolin-6-ol 4-(yl- - ) benzonitrile. Benzonitrile 47.52 (6) 2 quinoline °. benzonitrile H quinoline inter-molecular C H . , inter-molecular C HN .

6-(4---yloxy) Quinoline Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 21583501

, C(16)H(12)N(2)O(3), ecule nitrobenzene 23.8 (8) 2 quinoline °. - inter-action centrosymmetrically [ (2) Å 3.663] .

3 Glycosides Scolopia Triterpenoid Planta Medica. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19790034

3 glycosides, scolochinenosides C-E (1-3), triterpenoid, scolopianate (4) 15 SCOLOPIA . . 3 lactone aglycone . 6 Lanostane triterpenoids (10-15) GANODERMA (Polyporaceae) . , glycosides .

31 C Morphometry Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19850847

morphometry (CV) 6 .

, Journal of Environmental Management. Mar-Apr, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19914765

, . (C) (NPP) net . C C . C 11, Tg C 74 C 30.25 t C. 1328, 166.55 t C/, C 1.66 t C//. 7 Tg C/ . 18.57% , C 1.75 C . C . ' .

Experimental Eye Research. Feb, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19931246

extracapsular . , . . 41 Sprague-Dawley , 0, 2, 4, 8 postoperatively . 8 postoperatively . . . , , .

The Associations of HA3G and HA3B MRNA Levels with HIV Disease Progression Among HIV-infected Individuals of China Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). Feb, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20104108

To explore correlations between mRNA (hA3G, hA3F, and hA3B) levels and CD4 T-cell counts and HIV-1 viral loads to evaluate their respective roles in disease progression.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Jun, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20107172

(IOP), , , uveoscleral (CCT) .

Chinese Journal of Traumatology = Zhonghua Chuang Shang Za Zhi / Chinese Medical Association. Feb, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20109370

(EFs) . Efs . EFs . EFs vivo , . Efs , , , chemotaxis . Efs . Efs , , vivo . , . Efs . . Efs .

Eluting American Heart Journal. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20211309

(BMSs) eluting (DESs) .

90 E Capsid The Journal of General Virology. Jul, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20219895

p239 E (HEV) . HepG2 HEV . p239 HEV capsid . TOF MALDI MS 3 , Grp 78/Bip, tubulin 90 (HSP90) . p239 HSP90 p239 HSP90 p239 HSP90 . HepG2 , geldanamycin (GA), HSP90 , p239, HSP90 HEV capsid p239, . RT-PCR HEV , infectivity hsp90 . HSP90 HEV capsids .

Experimental Eye Research. Jun, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20346358

. - . (Cl(-)) . Cl(-) Cl(-) (HCE) . (tHCE), (pHCE), . RT-PCR CLC (Cl(-) /CLC ) Mrna HCE CFTR ( ) . confocal CLC CFTR . , Cl(-) electrophysiological . CLC-2, CLC 3, CLC 4, CLC 5, CLC 6 CFTR mRNAs HCE . CLC 1 CLC 7 . immunostaining CLC 2, CLC 3, CLC 4, CLC 6 CFTR . CLC 2 CLC 3 CLC-4 . CLC 6 CFTR . CLC 2, CLC 3, CLC 4, CLC-6 CFTR . Cl(-) . HCE Cl(-) . CLC 2, CLC 3, CLC 4, CLC 6 CFTR . Cl(-) Cl(-) .

Puerarin The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20387222

Puerarin 30 Wistar 3 : (1) () (N.S.) (i.p.) intragastric (i.g.); (2) B () 5 ; N.S. i.p. 40% (8000 mg/kg. d).ig (3) C (Puerarin) Puerarin 200 mg/kg. d. ip, 5 . homogenate MDA, SOD, GPX . homogenate MDA (p < 0.05, ), Puerarin (p < 0.05, ). MDA . lobules, , , , Puerarin . , , endoplasmic hepatins . , pathologistic Puerarin . , Puerarin .

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. Sep, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20410911

. . . . 50-100 mV mm(-1) . keratinocytes . 1 . (400 mV mm(-1)) 1 . Phosphatidylinositol-3- (PI3 kinase) keratinocytes . PI3 kinase . PI3 kinase/Akt . P110gamma ( PI3 kinase ) null. PI3 kinase keratinocytes .

Dichlorvos Paraoxonase-1 Toxicology Letters. Jul, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20412842

Dichlorvos, dichlorvos dichlorvos PON1 30 paraoxonase-1 (PON1) . dichlorvos () . 72 h , , , . PON1 pretreament dichlorvos (P < 0.01). PON1 (P < 0.05). Organophosphorus . , . II . demyaliation organophosphorus . , PON1 dichlorvos .

Estimulation Experimental Eye Research. Aug, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20457155

RPE (hRPE) EF (EF ) ARPE19 ef ( ) (RPE) (EF) . (Metamorph) ef RPE . RPE , , EF Efs . . 50-300 Mv . , confluent monolayers hRPE EF , Hrpe . , EF RPE . EF .

Neuroretina Mineralocorticoid : Glial FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Sep, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20466875

glucocorticoid . glucocorticoid (GR) mineralocorticoid (MR) . . explants, glial (RMGs, ) / ( PCR, , ) (24h) . , GR, 11--hydroxysteroid II . ENaC (6.5fold) Kir4.1 (1.9-fold) aquaporin 4 (AQP4, 2.9-fold) . intravitreous ( 24% ) Rmgs . Rmgs microvilli kir4.1 aqp4 . neuroretina mineralocorticoid Rmgs / . .

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Jun, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20498226

- (QSU C MNWS C) .

RNase G RNase H RNase E RNA (New York, N.Y.). Jul, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20507976

Endoribonuclease RNase E RNA . , paralog, RNase G . 16S rRNA, Trnas Mrnas 5' RNase E . N RNase G rne 1 rneDelta1018 . , RNase G, rng-219 rng 248 in vivo RNase E RNase H . RneDelta1018/rng-219 rneDelta1018/rng248 mRNA tRNA RNase G RNase E .

[ Fructus HPLC-FPS Polygoni ] Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20545193

taxifolin Fructus Polygoni HPLC .

Enterobacter : Science China. Life Sciences. Feb, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20596840

36 Pathogenetic wilted , . 6 , , , , , , (FAMEs) Enterobacter enterobacterial intergenic -PCR (-PCR) 16s rRNA 3 7 . Enterobacter . Enterobacter .

-1, 3-diaminium Tetrachloridozincate(II) 18--6 Clathrate Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Crystal Structure Communications. Jul, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20603553

18--6 -1, 3-diamine zinc(II) [ : -1, 3-diaminium tetrachloridozincate (II)-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane (1/1)], (C(3)H(12)N(2))[ZnCl(4)] supramolecular C(12)H(24)O(6), x. Diprotonated -1, 3-diaminium 1:1 supramolecular , [C(3)H(12)N(2)(18-crown-6)](2+)-NH(3)(+) N- ...O . ... N H. [ZnCl(4)](2-) -NH(3)(+) Cl , -- [010] .

Facticity [] Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi = Journal of Biomedical Engineering = Shengwu Yixue Gongchengxue Zazhi. Jun, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20649036

(ERP) facticity . identifiably , , , 15 (CIT) electroencephalographs ( ) 30 . , 15 P300 F . facticity . P300 (P < 0.01). 93.3% ERP . , facticity .

Bis(adamantan-1-aminium) Tetrachloridozincate(II) 18--6 Clathrate Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Crystal Structure Communications. Aug, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20679708

[ : bis(adamantan-1-aminium) tetrachloridozincate (II)-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane- (1/1/1)], (C(10)H(18)N) (2)[ZnCl(4)] H (2) O x C(12)H(24)O(6) x supramolecular [010] . protonated adamantan-1-aminium (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane) [(C(10)H(18)N)(18-crown6)](+) . N H. O -NH(3)(+) ...O . 18--6 pseudoC(3v) . adamantan-1-aminium adamantan-1-aminium-tetrachloridozincate O ...Cl, N-...O N-...Cl R(5)(4) (12), R(4)(3)(10) R(3)(3)(8) .

BNP7787 Paclitaxel Cisplatin Microtubule Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. Sep, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20807779

Taxane, , , , . taxane (docetaxel paclitaxel / ) (cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin) (CIPN). CIPN , , , . , CIPN . Dimesna (BNP7787; Tavocept; disodium 2, 2'-dithio-ethanesulfonate) taxane coadministered . Bnp7787 taxane cisplatin . BNP7787 , antitumor , , emesis, nephrotoxicity, . BNP7787 paclitaxel cisplatin MTP microtubule (MTP) . BNP7787 paclitaxel hyperpolymerization MTP mesna, BNP7787 in vivo MTP cisplatin . BNP7787 MTP CIPN BNP7787 .

Neovasculature Chinese Medical Journal. Aug, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20819677

(HSCs) angiostatic angiogenic . HSC .

Discocleidion Rufescens [ ] Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. Jun, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20822016

Discocleidion rufescens .

Multipotent : , Molecular Carcinogenesis. Nov, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20842668

microenvironment stromal . , stromal (ASCs) . , , ASCs , .

Ecdysterones 42 42 Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20847437

(A) (AD) pathogenesis , , , apoptosis . , A . Ecdysterones (Ecr) . , 6 Ecr A . Ecr acetoxyl 2 3 A42 fibrilization A42 . 3 A disaggregated A42 . , MTT Ecr A42 . A ECR & beta42- . Ecr, , amyloidoses .

[ ] Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences. Sep, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20871165

BMSCs (rBMSCs) (hBMSCs) 35 (AdF35) - protein(eGFP) .

[ Denitrifiers Denitrogenation ] Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao = The Journal of Applied Ecology / Zhongguo Sheng Tai Xue Xue Hui, Zhongguo Ke Xue Yuan Shenyang Ying Yong Sheng Tai Yan Jiu Suo Zhu Ban. Jun, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20873638

denitrifiers denitrification . denitrogenation , denitrifiers -denitrogenation . denitrifiers n2 . Denitrifiers heterotrophic nitrification NH4 (+) N. , denitrogenation denitrifiers denitrifying . c/N denitrifiers denitrogenation , denitrifiers .

Journal of Neuroscience Research. Nov, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20890991

(NSC) . CNS , . , , (EFs), NSC . EFs, NSCs , lamellipodial amoeboid . Efs tortuosity electrotaxis . EFs . LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3- (Pi3K) Efs cathodal . NSC ly294002 electrotaxis , . efs electrotactic . .

Nature Chemical Biology. Nov, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20924370

conformations . : . ' allostery' conformations -169916 . transcriptional -169916 conformations ligand . ligand . conformations ligand titrating allosteric .

- Quinone , Disaggregates Cytokines Neurochemistry International. Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20933033

(AD) , multifactorial . fibrillar - (A) AD . A neurotoxicity, . . multipotent . - (-T) pathogenetic E . , , -- quinone (-TQ), T A42 fibril . TQ SH SY5Y neurotoxicity A42 , A . , -TQ () , TNF- IL 1 microglia IL-4 cytokines . , -TQ pathogenetic .

Th17 2009 CD4 T H1N1 A Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.). Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20943443

H1N1 A (S-OIV) T . , T T T . S OIV lymphopenia, T Th17 . CD4 Th1 Treg Th17 CD4 T . , IFN- Th17 . , lymphopenia, Th17 S OIV T . , S OIV pathogenesis .

SB203580, P38 Proinflammatory Cytokines Human Reproduction (Oxford, England). Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20956267

p38 (p38 MAPK), (EM) . SB203580, p38 MAPK .

[ Carbamazepine ] Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Peking University. Health Sciences. Oct, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20957022

cabamazepine . carbamazepine cabamazepine . carbamazepine 0.34 0.86 240 mg/l 0.86 0.34 . carbamazepine ; . carbamazepine .

[ (HIN1) ] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Apr, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21110436

(HIN1) .

PathLocdb: Subcellular BMC Genomics. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21143796

, . subcellular . subcellular .

[Stilbene Glycoside (THSG) -cyclodextrin ] Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. Oct, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21174778

Stilbene glycoside (THSG) , -cyclodextrin . 24 h, 72 h . THSG HPLC . HPLC UV THSG . THSG -cyclodextrin , THSG 3.27%, 0.61%, THSG %0.20%, 0.18% . THSG . -cyclodextrin THSG . , .

PloS One. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21209959

. .

[ (H1N1) ] Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. Nov, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21211404

(H1N1) .

[ (H1N1) ] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Oct, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21280315

(H1N1) , (H1N1) .

[ Proteomics] Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao = The Journal of Applied Ecology / Zhongguo Sheng Tai Xue Xue Hui, Zhongguo Ke Xue Yuan Shenyang Ying Yong Sheng Tai Yan Jiu Suo Zhu Ban. Oct, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21328945

super-rice Liangyoupeijiu 2 (2-) , proteomics ( , 20 1/2 L(-1); x 40mg L(-1) x; 2 x 16 L(-1)), , 9 4 80 mg . CO2, . . . , , , .

6-Chloro-8-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H) Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21579176

, C(9)H(6)ClNO(3), ecules , 0.034 0.037 Å r.m.s. . inter-molecular N HO .

Bis(4-fluoro-anilinium) Tetra-chloridocuprate(ii) Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21579301

, (C(6)H(7)FN)(2)[CuCl(4)], CuCl(6) octa hedra 2 perovskite . 4 anilinium N HCl . CuCl(4) dianions [2.2657 (15) 2.2884 (13) Å] Cl [2.8868 (15) Å] Jahn-- CuCl(6) octa-hedra . Cu crystallographic .

1-[Morpholino(phen-yl) Meth Yl]-2-naphthol Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21579485

2-naphthol, morpholine benzaldehyde C(21)H(21)NO(2) ecules . 2 84.03 (7) (8) 75.76 ° ecules intramolecular O HN ecule .

Melaminium Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21579494

melaminium , 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium , C(3)H(7)N(6) (+) ·I(-)·H (2) O, N-HO, HN N, O-HI N HI . melaminium H . Melaminium [111] 4 N HN inter-connected . ecules N HO . (O HI N HI) - [ 3.6597 (17) Å =].

Melaminium Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21579531

, 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium , C(3)H(7)N(6) (+) · ClO(4) (-) ·H (2) , O HO, N HO N HN N HCl . Melaminium H . Melaminium (111) 4 N HN inter-connected . - [ 3.8097 (7) Å =].

Tetra-chloridoferrate(III) 18--6 Clathrate Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21587672

18 6 , (C(2)H(8)N)[FeCl(4)] ·C(12)H(24)O(6) supramolecular . Protonated NH(2) (+) , 1:1 (CH(3)-NH(2) (+)-CH(3))(18-crown-6) N HO O . , crystallographic [010] .

Tetra Borate 18--6 Clathrate Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21587849

tetra- -borate 18--6 methano-lic , C (7) H (10) N (+) ·BF(4) (-) ·C (12) H (24) O (6) O6, . (+)-NH(3) substituent N HO 1:1 .

1-Cyano-methyl-1,4-diazo-niabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Tetra-chloridomanganate(ii) Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21588843

, (C(8)H(15)N(3))[MnCl(4)], Mn 4 ligands tetra hedral . [MnCl(4)](2-) 1-cyano-methyl-1,4-diazo-niabicyclo-[2.2.2]octane dications N HCl [001] .

4- -anilinium 18--6 Clathrate Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2010 | Pubmed ID: 21589022

18--6, 4- - perchloric , C (6) H (7) BrN (+) ·ClO(4) (-) ·C(12)H(24)O(6), protonated-NH(3) (+) 3 O N HO .

Advances in Skin & Wound Care. Jan, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 22025904

: . . exogenous . : , . ? / : (EFs) . , EFs , . Efs . EF (electrotaxis/galvanotaxis) , integrins, phosphoinositide 3 /Pten, EF C, Ca(2+) monophosphate () . galvanotaxis . : , nonhealing , . EF . . : Efs . , Efs . , .

NAb 2F5 4E10 Epitopes HIV 1 Clade B' Chinese Medical Journal. Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 22166522

1 (hiv-1) epitopes 2F5 4E10, epitopes . , 2F5 epitopes (ELDKWA, h i V-1 HXB2 662-667 aa) 4E10 (NWFDIT, h i V-1 HXB2 671-676 aa) gp41 , clade B' -1 . .

Endoplasmic Acta Diabetologica. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 19924374

in vivo (DR) endoplasmic (ER) . In vivo , 4 (ATF4), C/EBP () 78 (GRP78) (VEGF) 1, 3, 6 . (HRCECs) , GRP78, ATF4, VEGF Mrna . . VEGF mRNA 1, 3, 6 (P < 0.05). HRCECs apoptosis (P < 0.05). , GRP78 ATF4 . ER ATF4 grp78 .

Dichlorvos Toxicokinetics Pon1 Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ. Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 20581384

organophosphate toxicokinetic paraoxonase-1 (PON1) .

Bilobed Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 20797925

, . , . , bilobed .

Hemoperfusion Carbamazepine The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 20825822

Carbamazepine (CBZ) . hemoperfusion carotic, CBZ multiorgan 48 ( > 20 mg/L, , 8-12 mg/L). ; 56 . Hemoperfusion . hemoperfusion hypomotility CBZ .

Murine Reepithelialization Journal of Cellular Physiology. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 20945376

. (EF) . ( ) aniridic Pax6(+/-) re-epithelialization Efs . - (WT) Pax6(+/-) Efs . , Pax6(+/+) galvanotaxis pSrc , . Vivo , Pax6(+/-) 43% ( ) . WT . , vivo Psrc . , Efs Src . Efs . .

: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Nov, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21030186

PI3K Electrotaxis Experimental Neurology. Jan, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21092738

(NPCs) (CNS) . (EF)- , electrotaxis, . , Efs NPCs electrotaxis PI3K/Akt . Electrotaxis NPCs organotypic Efs ex . phosphoinositide 3- (PI3K) EF Akt phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) electrotaxis, . EF PIP3, cytoskeleton . Electrotaxis Npcs (EGF) (FGF) . NPCs EFs PI3K/Akt NPC CNS Efs .

17beta-estradiol Eralpha Upregulation Caspase 3 Pericontusional Neurochemistry International. Jan, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21093516

Pericontusional (PCZ) . 17Beta-estradiol , pericontusional . 17beta estradiol (ERalpha) mRNA pericontusional . ERalpha 17beta estradiol . pericontusional Caspase 3 17beta-estradiol . , ERalpha . caspase pericontusional . 17beta-estradiol Eralpha caspase 3 pericontusional .

- Cornea. Mar, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21099404

pharmacologically .

GSK-3 Golgi Electrotaxis Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS. Sep, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21207103

, (EFs) . . EF . , () (0.3-1 V/cm) . 0.6 V/cm EF . (≥1 V/cm) EF . EF glycogen synthase 3 (GSK-3) EF 3 . C (PKC) (1-2 h) directedness EF . GSK-3 EF (EF h 2-3). GSK 3 EF Golgi (GA) electrotactic .

PTEN Downregulation Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21212174

10 (PTEN) tensin homologue PI3K/Akt PI3K/Akt , . downregulate PTEN downregulation .

TSdb: , Science China. Life Sciences. Jan, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21253872

TSdb (http://tsdb.cbi.pku.edu.cn) . 884 15075 37608 UniProt . Tsdb KEGG . , TSdb . , Tsdb , subcellular . KEGG Ligand , TSdb . , . . .

: Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21331172

- (HPLC) (CL) . C18 Ethanol-h(3)po(4) 30 ° C ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (Na(2)EDTA) (25: 75, v/v%) . CL luminol-K(3)Fe(CN) (6) CL . 0.8 mL/min, (t(r)) 6.4 HPLC CL . 8.0 × 10(-7) ~ 1.0 × 10(-4) mol/L. interday (RSD) 3.5% . , , .

PloS One. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21364900

. . . ? , ?

Stem Cell Reviews. Nov, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21373881

. () (ES) , (EFs) . EFs < 30 mV/mm; 3 (3d) , . 3D . EF pluripotency SSEA-4 10 4 . hES EF (galvanotaxis) hES directedness EF hES . () , EF iPS 70-80% . , EF 2D 3D . EFs vivo .

P-sulfonatocalix-[4] Arene Pharmacokinetic Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21410236

P-sulfonatocalix [n] . pharmacokinetics psulfonatocalix [4] arene (C4AS) p-sulfonatocalix [n] (PQ) antidotic . (HPLC) PQ . (C(max)) (AUC(0-t)) PQ C4AS - . C4as PQ detoxication C4AS PQ .

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21438799

(RP) .

Rhegf : Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21445654

(rhEGF) . RhEGF bioactivity . rhEGF, . , rhEGF , Rhegf . . rhEGF/ rhEGF . . rhEGF bioactivity BALB/c 3T3 rhEGF bioactivity 7 . rhEGF .

Retinoschisis Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21455774

retinoschisis peripapillary retinoschisis .

ERP Journal of Medical Systems. Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21499695

(CIT) (ERP) . (WCs) . 16 CIT (EEG) . , , , ERP WCs . (KPCA) (SVM) . WCs (P < 0.05). KPCA SVM . (93.6%) KPCA SVM .

Alkylbenzene Overbased Nanodetergents Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. Jul, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21507412

overbased nanodetergents . Caco(3) biomineral . overbased nanodetergents alkylbenzene 1 , (TBN) . TGA, DL, SLS, , FTIR, XRD . nanodetergents (ACC) , vaterite . Ca(OH)(2) polymorphs ACC . , , vaterite nanodetergent , .

4- -3- -anilinium 18--6 Clathrate Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21522341

4- -3- -anilinium 18--6 , C (7) H (9) BrN (+) ·ClO(4) (-) ·C(12)H(24)O(6). Protonated 4- -3- - -NH(3) (+) substituent, 1:1 (C(7)H(9)Br-NH(3) (+)) (18--6) , 3 N-H(O,O) ecule O .

Upregulates Angiogenic VEGF Cytokine. Jul, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21524919

(DC) angiogenic . . angiogenic . Mrnas angiogenic , VEGF165, VEGF121, IL-8 upregulates semi-quantitative PCR ELISA . MRNA Mrna bFGF, TGF- 24 h . VEGF (VEGFR1 VEGFR2) VEGF IL-8 . VEGF cytokines .

Neurochemical Research. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21533862

(H(2)S) , gasotransmitter . H (2) S . H (2) S (NaHS , Na(2)S), , hydrosulfide (l:-), (propargylglycine, PAG aminooxyacetic , AOA) (l: S-adenosyl-, ) . H (2) S spectrophotometric . H (2) S (19 ± 2.85 nmoles/mg , n = 6) (17 ± 2.1 nmoles/mg , n = 6). , H (2) S . CSE CBS; PAG (1mm) AOA (1mm) H (2) S 56.8, 42% . CBS; (100 µ M), H (2) S ; NaHS (1 µ M) (2) S (100 µ M), H (2) S . L:- (10-300 µ M) (P < 0.05) H (2) S 300 µ M . H (2) S endogenously . H (2) S , (l:-), CBS (SAM) H (2) S .

B T V-1 THyperactivation The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21592997

T- hyperactivation (HIV)-1 .

[ ] Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. Mar, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21600130

92kg (FUO) , .

[ ] [Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi] Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21612685

.

PM(2.5) Ponderosa Atmospheric Environment (Oxford, England : 1994). Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21625396

. , PM(2.5) ( ≤2.5 µ m) . 21 . PM(2.5) () 1 2 . , polycyclic (PAHs), (OC), (EC). , . PM(2.5) 8357 µ g m(-3) 523 1 . PAH (19 PAHs) (0.21 ± 0.08 %oc) (0.07 ± 0.03 %oc). K, Cl, S, . OC EC 66 ± 7 2.8 ± 1.4 %pm(2.5), , .

-17-92 MicroRNAs Tumorigenicity Myeloma Cancer Letters. Oct, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21664042

miRNAs , apoptosis . MiRNAs tumorigenesis . Myc microRNAs (miRNAs) . -1792 , polycistron 6 microRNAs () Myc . myeloma (MM) Myc -17-92 downregulated . Overexpression 17 18 Myc MM apoptosis . Myc Myc m M apoptosis -17-92 proapoptotic Bim. -17-92 13q31.3 18, 19 -20 ( 19) del(13q14) del(13q14) . -17 , 20 -92 -17, 20 -92 PFS . Myc -17-92 miRNAs tumorigenesis myeloma .

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21719726

, () (COPD) . . - . transepithelial (TEP) . - , . (µA/cm(2)) 1.59, ( 2 ) aminophylline . , ( 0.17 µA/cm(2)) CFTR (Inh)-172 (CFTR) . (EFs) 23 tracheobronchial mV / mm. . EF . tracheal . .

Triamcinolone Dexamethasone Aqp4 Kir4.1 Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21724913

. (EIU) , Kir4.1 aquaporin-4 (AQP4) dexamethasone ( ) triamcinolone (TA) (RMG) .

Electrotaxis Dictyostelium Chemotaxis Eukaryotic Cell. Sep, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21743003

(DC) (EFs) , galvanotaxis electrotaxis . EFs , . (v(m)) EF . electrotaxis , chemotaxis v(m) V(m) Dictyostelium . v(m) 3 : , [K(+)] electroporation. microelectrode v(m) . Depolarized v(m) [K(+)] (pH 5.0) (pH 9.0) . Electroporation permeabilized 40 v(m) . v(m) Dictyostelium electrotactic . (electrotaxis directedness) chemotaxis (chemotactic ) . v(m) chemotaxis electrotaxis . , [K(+)] v(m) electroporation electrotaxis. Electrotaxis chemotaxis V(m) .

Immunologic 2009 (H1N1) Emerging Infectious Diseases. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21749768

28 (H1N1) 2009. -6, -y 10 1 . 36 .

[ ORF1 HEV ] Bing Du Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Virology / [bian Ji, Bing Du Xue Bao Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui]. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21774242

ORF1 polyprotein E ORF3 , (RdRp, , , PLP, X) orf1 Pcdna3 . 1-GFP . confocal microscope(lscm) . Huh7 GFP RdRp , GFP vesicularly , GFP granularly , GFP PLP X GFP . HEV .

[ HCoV-NL63 Nucleocapsid ] Bing Du Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Virology / [bian Ji, Bing Du Xue Bao Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui]. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21774250

HCoV-NL63 nucleocapsid N-terminal(1-163aa) C-terminal(141306aa) prokaryotic pET-30a(+) . , , Np Cp HCoV-NL63 blotting (WBLA) : Np, Cp Nf, HCoV-NL63 nucleocapsid . WBLA 50 HCoV-NL63 . : 25 (50%), 27 (54%), 36 (72%) 50 antigen Nf, Np, Cp, -HCoV-NL63 . -HCoV-NL63 Cp WBLA Nf Np, Nf Cp, Np Cp 54% 54% 64%. HCoV NL63 serological HCoV NL63 .

[ Vaccinia NL-63] Bing Du Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Virology / [bian Ji, Bing Du Xue Bao Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui]. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21774251

HCoV nl63 (S) immunogenic . (S1, S2, RL RS) HCoV nl63 4 vaccinia (Tiantan ) vaccinia 4 (vJSC1175-S1; vJSC1175 S2; vJSC1175 RL; vJSC1175 RS) . (IFA) . vaccinia 4 posttranslational (glycosylation) S1, RL RS s 2 . HCoV nl63 .

Addiction (Abingdon, England). Oct, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21793958

(HIV) . ( ) .

[ Rhabdomyosarcoma: 23 ] Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21849118

, rhabdomyosarcoma .

European Journal of Pain (London, England). Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21856196

hyperalgesia multifactorial . . (NGF)- (NMS) - NGF . NMS 8weeks hyperalgesia . NMS (NH) ; NGF, c-fos, (CGRP), P tyrosine kinases (TrkA) lumbosacral (DRG) NH . NGF intra-peritoneal (1µg/kg/day 10µl) , NMS . NMS NGF k252a , (10µl/day 2-14) tyrosine kinases, , NGF neuropeptide . , NGF NMS NGF TrkA .

COMT PloS One. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21857968

: (NS) . . : catechol O methyltransferase (COMT) , NS , . : 478 4 8 COMT polymorphisms (SNP) genotyped NS subscale . COMT NS . : COMT rs737866 NS : TT NS subscale CT genotypes . NS COMT rs737866 TT . COMT NS , .

A1-16 , , Cytokines Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21860093

(A40/42) (AD) pathogenesis . A40/42 N A1-16, cytotoxic. , A1 16 , cytotoxic - - . PH, , A1 16 A1-16 Asp1, His6, Ser8, val12 . MTT A1 16 SH SY5Y A1 16 . A1 16 , TNF- IL-4 microglial . , A1 16 .

[EV 71 IgM , ] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Apr, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21863642

71 IgM (EV 71) (HFMD) , .

Decolorization Licheniformis Ls04 Laccase Bioresource Technology. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21868217

laccase licheniformis ls04 . B. licheniformis ls04 laccase catalyzing pH . Ph . PH 9.0 10 laccase 16% 80 ° C 10 h . , laccase 1m Nacl 30% . 5 19 laccase decolorized . , acetosyringone pH 6.6 9.0 1 80% . laccase .

Adiponectin Adiponectin 1/ Monophosphate Apoptosis - Chinese Medical Journal. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21933602

. Apoptosis . adiponectin 1 (adipoR1), adipoR2, monophosphate (AMP) (HUVECs) apoptosis ,- (AMPK) .

Presynaptic Postsynaptic Potentiation CA3 Neuron. Sep, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21943607

Glutamatergic . potentiation (LTP) . (mf) presynaptic LTP mf LTP . mf chelator . presynaptic mf LTP . , postsynaptic mf LTP . Mf CA3 hippocampal .

[Ophiopogon ] Zhong Yao Cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials. May, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21954559

Ophiopogon .

Communicative & Integrative Biology. Jul, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21966572

(TEP) . TEP . TEP , . . keratinocytes . , chemotaxis void . timecourse . . ? , ?

[ HIV/HCV ] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21977586

(NK) HIV/HCV co-infected.

[ HCV Streptavidin ] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21977601

Streptavidin C (HCV) HCV .

ScFv Amyloids Amyloidoses Colocalization Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Dec, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21979582

, , protofibrils (AD), , , , 2 amyloidosis amyloidoses pathogenesis . epitopes . scFv (scFv) -synuclein, amylin, , A1-40, 106-126 lysozyme, lysozyme . scFvs -synuclein, amylin, , A1-40 106-126, fibrillization disaggregated . , lysozyme . , scFv amyloids . , Scfvs , Lewy amylin PD 2 fibril colocalized . scFv amyloidoses , amyloids .

MicroRNA , PLoS Genetics. Oct, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22022286

. , .. , , , microRNA () : . , miRNA microarrays Q PCR , 11% 325 miRNA 31% . Mrna Mirna Mrna 2%-4% 4%-6% . , . miRNA . , , -34 c-5 p 5 . -34 c-5p . miRNA .

Communicative & Integrative Biology. Sep, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22046453

1970 . Electrophysiological microelectrodes . microelectrodes ionophore . . . . microelectrodes . .

VEGF Angiogenic Isoforms Experimental Eye Research. Dec, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22067127

(ROP) . (VEGF-A) . , VEGF exons 8a 8b exons 8 : angiogenic VEGFxxx angiogenic VEGFxxxb . VEGFxxx , C VEGFxxxb . VEGFxxxb VEGFxxx . (OIR) 1 (P1) 21 (P21) VEGFxxx Vegfxxxb . VEGF (165) b isoform OIR . Vegfxxx VEGFxxxb, VEGF(164) VEGF (165) b VEGFxxx VEGFxxxb isoforms . neovascularization VEGF (165) b isoform OIR neovascularization . OIR VEGF isoforms (VEGF(164) VEGF (165) b, VEGF ) VEGF (165) b OIR neovascularization p9 p17 . Neovascularization VEGF isoforms angiogenic VEGF VEGF (165) b . , angiogenic VEGFxxxb/Vegfxxx .

[ ] Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi = Zhonghua Laodong Weisheng Zhiyebing Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22096855

LD50 (FDP), (ATC) (UDP) .

[NK HIV/HCV Coinfected ] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Aug, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22106474

HIV/HCV NK NK HIV/HCV .

[C D 4 T HIV-/ Lymphadenopathy Clinicopathologic ] Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi Chinese Journal of Pathology. Sep, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22177247

CD4(+) T lymphadenopathy HIV/ clinicopathological .

Addictive Behaviors. Nov, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22177521

: . : 26 (HC), 29 (1 , ), 26 ( : 1 , RA) , . 10 (VAS), [ (SC), () (TEMP)] [ (HR), (HBP) (LBP)] . : , , , HR, SBP LBP . RA HR , , , HR, SBP LBP LA , . : . .

3 Medicine and Law. Sep, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22191328

. . , , , 3- 3 . . , , , .

Paeoniflorin Molecular Vision. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22219646

Paeoniflorin (PF) ARPE-19 HO .

[ ] Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. Chinese Journal of Pediatrics. Oct, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22321189

.

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. Jan, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22020127

, . , . . . , . , , retinopathies . , , . . , , .

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.). 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22057446

I -, . langerhans - . , . , , . .

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio). Feb, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22076946

(DC) (EFs) neurite (NSCs) . , . , ef NSCs (hNSCs) . H9 hNSCs Hnscs EF . DC EFs, 16 mV/mm, . Hnscs . Galvanotactic/electrotactic . directedness . ( ) Y27632 EF . , EF hNSC . Cytokine [C X C chemokine 4 (CXCR4)] Nscs chemotaxis . CXCR4 Hnscs electrotaxis . hNSCs EF . EFs hNSCs . 2012 ; 30:349-355.

DC Stem Cell Research. Jan, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22099019

, (EFs) , . Efs . (Epc) . , Epc Efs . Epc (DC) Efs . Epc . EFs . , DC EF Epc . EF . (VEGF) EF . EFs VEGF EPC . Epc Epc Efs .

AutismKB: Nucleic Acids Research. Jan, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22139918

(ASD) 0.9-2.6 neurodevelopmental %. 38-90%, heritability . ASD . . 2193 , 2806 Snp/VNTRs, 4544 (CNVs) 158 ASD GWAS, CNV , , , . , 434 . neuroactive - , . , , pharmacogenetics 30 . MySQL http://autismkb.cbi.pku.edu.cn .

Nonsyndromic Microarray International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. Feb, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22154049

nonsyndromic etiologic .

C The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. Jan, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22242740

: C (HCV) (n = 114) (MMT) . : MMT . (HCV ()) (i) HCV , (ii) HCV , (iii) HCV , (iv) . : HCV 57.0% . HCV HCV . HCV 11.3 20 (SD = 2.1) 3.2 (SD = 5.4). (68.4%) HCV . HCV 15.3 %hcv 18.4 %hcv . : HCV HCV HCV MMT . , MMT . : HCV MMT .

Electrocardiograph Accident; Analysis and Prevention. Mar, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22269488

. (EEG) electrocardiograph (ECG) . , 13 EEG 90 . ECG EEG . , (ERP) P300 , ECG, (HRV) (p < 0.05). .

PAX6 Molecular Vision. 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22275805

ligands (Hh) elicited.

Co(3)O(4) Catalase Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England). Feb, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22288077

Co(3)O(4) (NPs) catalase . Co(3)O(4) Nps H(2)O(2), ˙OH . mimetics Co(3)O(4) NPs H(2)O(2) .

Archives of Ophthalmology. Feb, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22332206

: (IOP) - . : 30 , , . , latanoprost 2 timolol maleate , dorzolamide . pachymetry, A-, pneumatonometry IOP, sphygmomanometry , venomanometry, episcleral fluorophotometry . fluorophotometry tonography . Uveoscleral Goldmann . : Latanoprost IOP . 0.90 (1.46) (SD) uveoscleral µ L/min (P =.048), 0.26 (1.10) µ L/min (P =.47) . Timolol 25% IOP . Dorzolamide IOP 16% . Dorzolamide timolol physiologic 47% . : IOP latanoprost uveoscleral timolol dorzolamide . uveoscleral latanoprost pharmacodynamic . timolol dorzolamide IOP . clinicaltrials.gov : NCT00572936.

[The Comparison Between HIV-infected Patients' Vdelta2 T Cells Expansion Efficiencies by Zoledronic Acid and Gammadelta TCR Monoclonal Antibody in Vitro] Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. Dec, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 23627025

To find out the more efficient induction method through investigating the expansion efficiencies of HIV-infected patients' Vdelta2 T cells induced by zoledronic acid (Zol) or gammadelta TCR monoclonal antibody (mAb).

Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cembranoids from a South China Sea Soft Coral, Lobophytum Sp Marine Drugs. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23552878

Chemical examination of a South China Sea soft coral Lobophytum sp. led to the isolation of three new α-methylene-γ-lactone-containing cembranoids, (1R*,3R*, 4R*,14R*,7E,11E)-3,4-epoxycembra7,11,15(17)-trien-16,14-olide (1), (1R*,7S*,14S*,3E, 11E)-7hydroperoxycembra-3,8(19),11,15(17)-tetraen-16,14-olide (2), and (1R*,7S*,14S*, 3E,11E)-18-acetoxy-7-hydroperoxycembra3,8(19),11,15(17)-tetraen-16,14-olide (3), along with eleven known analogues 4-14. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 1-3 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against the selected tumor cell lines. Moreover, 2 and 3 were found to be moderate inhibitors against the bacteria S. aureus and S. pneumoniae.

P42.3: a Promising Biomarker for the Progression and Prognosis of Human Colorectal Cancer Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23576022

As a novel cell cycle-related gene, p42.3 has been shown to play a key role in the cell proliferation and tumorigenicity of gastric cancer. To date, the association between p42.3 and colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been reported. This study investigated the expression of p42.3 and its potential role in human colorectal cancers.

Synchronization Modulation Increases Transepithelial Potentials in MDCK Monolayers Through Na/K Pumps PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23585907

Transepithelial potential (TEP) is the voltage across a polarized epithelium. In epithelia that have active transport functions, the force for transmembrane flux of an ion is dictated by the electrochemical gradient in which TEP plays an essential role. In epithelial injury, disruption of the epithelial barrier collapses the TEP at the wound edge, resulting in the establishment of an endogenous wound electric field (~100 mV/mm) that is directed towards the center of the wound. This endogenous electric field is implicated to enhance wound healing by guiding cell migration. We thus seek techniques to enhance the TEP, which may increase the wound electric fields and enhance wound healing. We report a novel technique, termed synchronization modulation (SM) using a train of electric pulses to synchronize the Na/K pump activity, and then modulating the pumping cycles to increase the efficiency of the Na/K pumps. Kidney epithelial monolayers (MDCK cells) maintain a stable TEP and transepithelial resistance (TER). SM significantly increased TEP over four fold. Either ouabain or digoxin, which block Na/K pump, abolished SM-induced TEP increases. In addition to the pump activity, basolateral distribution of Na/K pumps is essential for an increase in TEP. Our study for the first time developed an electrical approach to significantly increase the TEP. This technique targeting the Na/K pump may be used to modulate TEP, and may have implication in wound healing and in diseases where TEP needs to be modulated.

3D Arrays for High Throughput Assay of Cell Migration and Electrotaxis Cell Biology International. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23589440

Cell behaviour in 3D environments can be significantly different from those in 2D cultures. With many different 3D matrices being developed and many experimental modalities used to modulate cell behaviour in 3D, it is necessary to develop high throughput techniques to study behaviour in 3D. We report on a 3D array on slide and have adapted this to our electrotaxis chamber, thereby offering a novel approach to quantify cellular responses to electric fields (EFs) in 3D conditions, in different matrices, with different strains of cells, under various field strengths. These developments used Dictyostelium cells to illustrate possible applications and limitations.

Inhibition of CK2 Enhances UV-triggered Apoptotic Cell Death in Lung Cancer Cell Lines Oncology Reports. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23595577

Lung cancer is a high-grade malignancy with poor 5 year-survival rates that remains incurable with current therapies. Different cellular stresses, including antitumor agents, ionizing radiation and ultraviolet (UV) light, can induce apoptosis and activate signaling pathways. UV has multiple effects on tumor cells, including DNA damage, and increases the expression of some genes involved in tumor cell apoptosis and DNA repair. It has been reported that UV can also activate casein kinase 2 (CK2). CK2, a Ser/Thr protein kinase, has been reported to be frequently overexpressed in various types of human cancer, including lung cancer, and is associated with tumor development. Thus, combination of UV and CK2 inhibitors may be a new strategy for the treatment of lung cancer. Our results demonstrated that inhibition of CK2a through CK2 siRNA or a CK2 inhibitor [(4,5,6,7tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB)] enhances the decrease in cell viability of lung cancer cells (A549 and H2030) induced by UV. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the combination increased the expression of apoptotic protein markers cytochrome c and the cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3. Furthermore, our results indicated that UV decreased the expression of the tumor suppressor protein PML through activation of CK2. Inhibition of CK2 by CK2 siRNA and TBB can recover the reduction of PML induced by UV. Collectively, these results demonstrate the significant apoptosis of lung cancer cells induced by combination treatment of the CK2 inhibitor and UV radiation. CK2 enhanced cell apoptosis by UV radiation may due, at least partly, to recover the expression of PML. These findings warrant the clinical testing of CK2 inhibitors which, when used in conjunction with DNA-damaging agents such as radiation, may be an effective cancer therapeutic strategy.

Structure of RSV Fusion Glycoprotein Trimer Bound to a Prefusion-specific Neutralizing Antibody Science (New York, N.Y.). May, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23618766

The prefusion state of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion (F) glycoprotein is the target of most RSV-neutralizing activity in human sera, but its metastability has hindered characterization. To overcome this obstacle, we identified prefusion-specific antibodies that were substantially more potent than the prophylactic antibody palivizumab. The cocrystal structure for one of these antibodies, D25, in complex with the F glycoprotein revealed D25 to lock F in its prefusion state by binding to a quaternary epitope at the trimer apex. Electron microscopy showed that two other antibodies, AM22 and 5C4, also bound to the newly identified site of vulnerability, which we named antigenic site Ø. These studies should enable design of improved vaccine antigens and define new targets for passive prevention of RSV-induced disease.

[Immunophenotype Analysis of Leukemic Mantle Cell Lymphoma] Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi / Zhongguo Bing Li Sheng Li Xue Hui = Journal of Experimental Hematology / Chinese Association of Pathophysiology. Apr, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23628035

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a kind of mature B-cell neoplasms with significantly poor prognosis and is usually misdiagnosed. With the development of flow cytometry and cytogenetic technique, most patients were at leukemic phase when diagnosed. This study was purposed to investigate the immunophenotypes of MCL, the immunophenotype information of 22 leukemic MCL patients was analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were conformed t(11;14) translocation by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Immunophenotypes were detected by a four-color flow cytometry including CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD38, CD103, CD148, CD200, FMC7, ZAP-70, , . The results showed that CD19, CD5, CD20 and monoclonal sIg expressed in all 22 patients with CD20 high expression; CD22 expressed weakly in 17 patients; CD23 expressed in 6 patients including 2 cases highly expressed; FMC7 expressed in 12 patients. 5 patients were 4-point score and 17 patients had a score less than 4 according to CLL scoring system. CD148 and CD200 were detected in 18 patients, in which CD200 expressed negatively in 11 patients, CD200 expressed weakly in 7 patients with median fluorescence intensity (MFI) 25.8 (6.6 - 254.26); CD148 expressed positively in all 18 patients with median MFI: 337 (73.4 1341.9). It is concluded that the atypical immunophenotype is common in leukemia MCL, thereby the diagnosis of MCL needs comprehensively analyze with morphocytology, immunophenotype and cytogenetic, CD200 and CD148 as new bio-markers can differentiate MCL from chronic B cell lymphoproliferative disease.

Supersandwich-type Electrochemiluminescenct Aptasensor Based on Ru(phen)3(2+) Functionalized Hollow Gold Nanoparticles As Signal-amplifying Tags Biosensors & Bioelectronics. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23643946

An electrochemiluminescent (ECL) aptasensor was fabricated and used for the amplified detection of thrombin (TB) based on DNA supersandwich structure. Herein, hollow gold nanospheres (HGNPs) were firstly employed as effective tag-carriers for the immobilization of detection aptamer (TBA 2) to form the HGNPs labeled TBA 2 (HGNPsTBA 2). Subsequently, streptavidin (SA) was used to block the nonspecific binding sites of HGNPs-TBA 2 as well as to supply binding sites, which could further introduce numerous initiator DNA strands (bio-S1) via biotin-streptavidin specific interaction. Next, bio-S1 could in situ trigger hybridization chain reaction (HCR) to create a long nicked double helices analogous (dsDNA) in the present of ssDNA S2 and ssDNA S3 (S3 is partially complementary to the S2) to obtain the DNA supersandwich structure. Furthermore, Ru(phen)3(2+), a wellknown ECL luminophore, could be intercalated into the grooves of dsDNA (Ru-dsDNA) to form the Ru-dsDNA-SA-HGNPs-TBA 2 bioconjugate. As a result, the target of TB was sandwiched between Ru-dsDNA-SA-HGNPs-TBA 2 and TBA 1. In this strategy, numerous Ru(phen)3(2+) could be immobilized on the electrode based on the supersandwich structure, resulting in an increased ECL signal output. A supersandwich ECL assay for TB detection was developed with excellent sensitivity of a large concentration variation from 5fM to 50pM and a detection limit of 1.6fM.

The Dopamine Receptor D1 Gene is Associated with the Length of Interval Between First Heroin Use and Onset of Dependence in Chinese Han Heroin Addicts Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). Nov, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23661099

Previous researches showed that the dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) may play a critical role in drug dependence. This research aimed to determine whether DRD1 played a role in development of heroin dependence in Chinese heroin-dependent patients. 465 Chinese Han heroin-dependent subjects and 379 healthy controls were recruited in the Shanghai region. Five single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DRD1 gene were genotyped in all subjects. The results found that the frequencies of DRD1 SNP genotypes or haplotypes were not different between heroin-dependent patients and controls. Among heroin-dependent patients, subjects with rs5326CC and/or rs6882300AA genotypes develop to heroin-dependent more rapidly than those without rs5326CC and/or rs6882300AA genotypes. The results indicated that DRD1 gene polymorphism may not play an important role in the susceptibility of heroin dependence in the Chinese Han population, but it may be associated with the rapidity of heroin dependence development from first drug use.

Role of EuroSCORE II in Predicting Long-term Outcome After Percutaneous Catheter Intervention for Coronary Triple Vessel Disease or Left Main Stenosis International Journal of Cardiology. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23664045

The SYNTAX score (Ssc) assessing the complexity of coronary anatomy predicts survival after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We tested the hypothesis that the newly developed euroSCORE II (eSC2) can improve the prediction of outcome after complex PCI by the Ssc.

Ellagic Acid Inhibits Human Pancreatic Cancer Growth in Balb C Nude Mice Cancer Letters. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23684930

Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol found in several plants and fruits. The objectives of this study were to examine the molecular mechanisms by which EA inhibits pancreatic cancer growth in Balb C nude mice. PANC-1 cells were injected subcutaneously into Balb c nude mice, and tumor-bearing mice were treated with EA. The expression of Akt, Shh and Notch and their target gene products were measured by the immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Treatment of PANC1 xenografted mice with EA resulted in significant inhibition in tumor growth which was associated with suppression of cell proliferation and caspase-3 activation, and induction of PARP cleavage. EA inhibited the expression of Bcl-2, cyclin D1, CDK2, and CDK6, and induced the expression of Bax in tumor tissues compared to untreated control group. EA inhibited the markers of angiogenesis (COX-2, HIF1, VEGF, VEGFR, IL-6 and IL-8), and metastasis (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in tumor tissues. Furthermore, treatment of mice with EA caused a significant inhibition in phospho-Akt, Gli1, Gli2, Notch1, Notch3, and Hey1. EA also reversed epithelial to mesenchymal transition by upregulating E-cadherin and inhibiting the expression of Snail, MMP-2 and MMP-9. These data suggest that EA can inhibit pancreatic cancer growth, angiogenesis and metastasis by suppressing Akt, Shh and Notch pathways. In view of the fact that EA could effectively inhibit human pancreatic cancer growth by suppressing Akt, Shh and Notch pathways, our findings suggest that the use of EA would be beneficial for the management of pancreatic cancer.

SKP2 High Expression, KIT Exon 11 Deletions, and Gastrointestinal Bleeding As Predictors of Poor Prognosis in Primary Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23690967

Considering the indication of adjuvant therapy, the recurrence risk for primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) after surgery needs to be accurately estimated. However, current risk stratification schemes may still have room for improvement. This study seeks to analyze prognostic factors for primary GISTs from 3 aspects, including clinicopathological parameters, immunohistochemical biomarkers, and gene mutational status, and attempts to find novel valuable factors predicting the malignancy potential of GISTs.

[Environmental Impacts of Sewage Treatment System Based on Emergy Analysis] Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao = The Journal of Applied Ecology / Zhongguo Sheng Tai Xue Xue Hui, Zhongguo Ke Xue Yuan Shenyang Ying Yong Sheng Tai Yan Jiu Suo Zhu Ban. Feb, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23705396

"Integrated sewage treatment system" (ISTS) consists of sewage treatment plant system and their products (treated water and dewatered sludge) disposal facilities, which gives a holistic view of the whole sewage treatment process. During its construction and operation, ISTS has two main impacts on the environment, i.e., the consumption of resources and the damage of discharged pollutants on the environment, while the latter was usually ignored by the previous researchers when they assessed the impacts of wastewater treatment system. In order to more comprehensively understanding the impacts of sewage treatment on the environment, an analysis was made on the ISTS based on the theories of emergy analysis, and, in combining with ecological footprint theory, the sustainability of the ISTS was also analyzed. The results showed that the emergy of the impacts of water pollutants on the environment was far larger than that of the impacts of air pollutants, and NH3-N was the main responsible cause. The emergy consumption of ISTS mainly came from the emergy of wastewater and of local renewable resources. The "sewage treatment plant system + landfill system" had the highest emergy utilization efficiency, while the "sewage treatment plant system + reclaimed water reuse system + incineration system" had the lowest one. From the aspect of environmental sustainability, the "sewage treatment plant system + reclaimed water reuse system + landfill system" was the best ISTS, while the "sewage treatment plant system + incineration system" was the worst one.

Acanthamoeba Migration in an Electric Field Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Jun, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23716626

We investigated the in vitro response of Acanthamoeba trophozoites to electric fields (EFs).

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism in the Treatment of Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: a Pilot Study Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.). Nov-Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23719402

Based on experimental data showing that central serous chorioretinopathy could result from overactivation of mineralocorticoid receptor pathway in choroid vessels, the authors studied eplerenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, as a potential treatment for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Laboratory Features Throughout the Disease Course of Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Clinical Laboratory. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23724623

Influenza has emerged every year but a complete profile of laboratory indices throughout the disease course remains unknown.

Anti-angiogenic Effect of KH902 on Retinal Neovascularization Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23740520

KH902 is a fusion protein derived from the extracellular domains of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors 1 and 2 and the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1). Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye disease that affects premature babies who have received intensive neonatal care, and the disorganization of retinal blood vessels may result in scarring and retinal detachment. This study was designed to examine the inhibitory effects of KH902 on mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), one of the animal models of ROP.

Combined Use of Ionic Liquid and Hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin for the Enantioseparation of Ten Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis Chirality. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23740623

In the present study, hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin and an ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-l-lactate) were used as additives in capillary electrophoresis for the enantioseparation of 10 analytes, including ofloxacin, propranolol hydrochloride, dioxopromethazine hydrochloride, isoprenaline hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, liarozole, tropicamide, amlodipine benzenesulfonate, brompheniramine maleate, and homatropine methylbromide. The effects of ionic liquid concentrations, salt effect, cations, and anions of ionic liquids on enantioseparation were investigated and the results proved that there was a synergistic effect between hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin and the ionic liquid, and the cationic part of the ionic liquid played an important role in the increased resolution. With the developed dual system, all the enantiomers of 10 analytes were well separated in resolutions of 5.35, 1.76, 1.85, 2.48, 2.88, 1.43, 5.45, 4.35, 2.76, and 2.98, respectively. In addition, the proposed method was applied to the determination of the enantiomeric purity of S-ofloxacin after validation of the method in terms of selectivity, repeatability, linearity range, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quality (LOQ).

[Prokaryotic Expression and Characterization of Two Recombinant Receptor-binding Domain(RBD) Proteins of Human Coronavirus NL63(HcoV-NL63)] Bing Du Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Virology / [bian Ji, Bing Du Xue Bao Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui]. Mar, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23757838

The receptor-binding domain(RBD) protein of HCoV-NL63 is a major target in the development of diagnostic assay and vaccine, it has a pivotal role in receptor attachment, viral entry and membrane fusion. In this study, we prepared 2 purified recombinant HCoV-NL63 RBD proteins using in E. coli system and identified the proteins by Western blotting. We first optimized codon and synthesized the RL (232684aa)coding gene, then amplified the RL or RS(476-616aa) coding gene via PCR using different primers . The RL or RS coding gene was cloned into the pM48 expression vector fused with TrxA tag. The RBD (RL and RS) of HCoV-NL63 were expressed majorly as inclusion body when expressed in E. coli BL21pLys S under different conditions. The expressed products were purified by affinity chromatography then analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Our results showed that the recombinant RBD proteins were maximally expressed at 37 degrees C with 0. 8mM IPTG induction for 4h. RL or RS protein with 95 % purity was obtained and reacted positively with anti-sera from mice immunized with the recombinant vaccinia virus (Tiantan strain) in which HCoV-NL63 RL or RS protein was expressed. In conclusion, the purified recombinant RBD proteins(RL and RS)derived from E. coli were first prepared in China and they might provide a basis for further exploring biological role and vaccine development of HCoV-NL63.

Engineering Chiral Polyoxometalate Hybrid Metal-organic Frameworks for Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Olefins Journal of the American Chemical Society. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23805914

Chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with porous and tunable natures have made them feasible for performing a variety of chemical reactions as heterogeneous asymmetric catalysts. By incorporating the oxidation catalyst [BW12O40](5-) and the chiral group, L- or Dpyrrolidin-2-ylimidazole (PYI), into one single framework, the two enantiomorphs Ni-PYI1 and Ni-PYI2 were obtained via self-assembly, respectively. The channels of Ni-PYIs were enlarged through a guest exchange reaction to remove the cationic chiral templates and were well modulated with hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties to allow molecules of both H2O2 and olefin ingress and egress. The coexistence of both the chiral directors and the oxidants within a confined space provided a special environment for the formation of reaction intermediates in a stereoselective fashion with high selectivity. The resulting MOF acted as an amphipathic catalyst to prompt the asymmetric dihydroxylation of aryl olefins with excellent stereoselectivity.

HtrA3 is Negatively Correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23812730

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Studies have shown that the high temperature requirement factor A3 (HtrA3) is involved in important physiological processes including maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis, cell death, and cell signaling. HtrA3 is reported to be downregulated in several cancers and has been correlated with advancing cancer stage. We performed a retrospective study using our breast cancer tissue bank to investigate whether the expression of HtrA3 correlated with lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer and whether the expression of HtrA3 was correlated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in breast cancer. Breast cancer tissues from 156 invasive ductal breast cancer patients with or without lymphatic metastasis were collected and the levels of HtrA3 were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The expression of HtrA3 was lower in breast cancer. In particular, HtrA3 expression in breast cancer with lymphatic metastasis was lower than that in breast cancer without lymphatic metastasis. In breast cancers with no lymphatic metastasis, the expression of HtrA3 was lower in patients with ER- and PR-positive tumors, but when breast cancers with lymphatic metastasis were analyzed, there was no difference in HtrA3 expression between ER- and PR-positive or ER- and PR-negative tumors. These data suggest that the expression of HtrA3 was negatively correlated with lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer but not correlated with ER and PR positivity or negativity. A better understanding of the mechanism of HtrA3 may provide the basis for future development of a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.

Inhibition of Pathological Retinal Neovascularization by Semaphorin 3A Molecular Vision. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23825919

Pathological retinal angiogenesis is a major cause of vision loss. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a chemorepellent guidance protein, plays crucial roles in neural and vascular patterning. To identify its role in retinal neovascularization, we investigated its antiangiogenic effects.

Differences in Platelet Indices Between Healthy Han Population and Tibetans in China PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23826234

The present data on the evaluation of platelet (PLT) parameters in Chinese Han population and Tibetans are still limited. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in common PLT indices between Han population and Tibetans in China, through a large-scale investigation of healthy people.

The Effectiveness Comparison of Jitai Tablets Versus Methadone in Community-based Drug Treatment: a 1-year Follow-up Study Addictive Behaviors. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23827820

The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of Jitai tablets (JTT) versus methadone in a community drug treatment program.

A Signal Amplification Strategy Using the Cascade Catalysis of Gold Nanoclusters and Glucose Dehydrogenase for Ultrasensitive Detection of Thrombin Biosensors & Bioelectronics. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23850783

This work reports a novel signal amplification strategy for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin by cascade catalysis of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH). Herein, the AuNCs prepared by using polyamidoamine dendrimer as template were constructed not only as nanocarriers for anchoring the large amounts of secondary thrombin aptamers but also as nanocatalysts to catalyze the oxidation of NADH efficiently. Moreover, a large amount of GDH was loaded through the immobilization technology of DNA hybridization and a large amount of toluidine blue (Tb) was intercalated into the DNA grooves via electrostatic interaction. Significantly, the electrochemical signal was greatly enhanced based on cascade catalysis: firstly, GDH catalyzed the oxidation of glucose to gluconolactone with the concomitant generation of NADH in the presence of NAD(+). Then, AuNCs as nanocatalysts could effectively catalyze NADH to produce NAD(+) with the help of Tb as redox probe. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed aptasensor exhibits a linear range of 1.0×10(-14)-5×10(-9) M with a low detection limit of 3.3×10(-15) M for thrombin detection and shows high sensitivity and good specificity.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection is Independently Associated with Depression Among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Heroin Users in China Asia-Pacific Psychiatry : Official Journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23857926

Depression and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are two common conditions among heroin users in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). However, the comorbid relationship between depression and HCV infection among MMT patients is not well understood.

Teachers of Psychiatry Meeting on Evaluation to Improve Quality of Research, Held in Shanghai, China, Organized by the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists Asia-Pacific Psychiatry : Official Journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23857952

Histone Demethylase Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 2 is Overexpressed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Negatively Regulated by HsamiR-212 PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23922798

The H3K4 demethylase retinoblastoma binding protein 2 (RBP2) is involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, but its role and regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. We determined the function of RBP2 and its regulation in HCC in vitro and in human tissues.

Safety and Immunological Responses to Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Difficult-totreat HIV-1-infected Patients AIDS (London, England). May, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23925377

HAART largely decreases morbidity and mortality in chronic HIV-1infected patients, but immune nonresponders (INRs) with full viral suppression still fail to reverse the immune deficiency. This study evaluated the safety and immunological responses of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in HIV-1-infected INRs.

Inhibitory Effects of Rosiglitazone on Paraquatinduced Acute Lung Injury in Rats Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23933652

To investigate the effects of the PPAR- agonist rosiglitazone on acute lung injury induced by the herbicide paraquat (PQ) and the underlying mechanisms of action.

Expression and Correlation of Twist and Gelatinases in Breast Cancer Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23935727

Altered expression of Twist, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 proteins has been identified in various types of human cancers. However, the correlation between Twist and these gelatinases in breast cancer remains unclear. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis of Twist, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was performed on tissue microarrays from 200 breast cancer cases. The association of Twist and gelatinase expression with clinicopathological factors and patient survival was analyzed. Altered expression of Twist, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins was observed in breast cancer tissue. The positive rates of Twist, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression were 75.5, 97.0 and 96.0%, respectively. Increased expression of Twist was positively correlated with the status of axillary lymph node metastasis and higher tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (P

MMP-7 and TIMP-1, New Targets in Predicting Poor Wound Healing in Apical Periodontitis Journal of Endodontics. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23953287

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are strongly associated with tissue destruction because of inflammation. In this study, we investigated the expression of MMPs and TIMPs messenger RNA and protein levels in apical periodontitis lesions.

An Analysis of the Indications for Cesarean Section in a Teaching Hospital in China European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23978503

Cesarean delivery rates have increased remarkably worldwide. The indications for this increase are not fully understood and there may be regional, ethnic or health system differences in quoted indications which may explain, at least in part, the observed changes. In 2008 China was cited as having one of the highest rates of cesarean delivery in the world, but there was no accurate information about the indications for the high rate. This study sought to provide some information about the high cesarean section rate in China.

Short-term Clinical Effects of Photodynamic Therapy with Topical 5-aminolevulinic Acid for Facial Acne Conglobata: an Open, Prospective, Parallel-arm Trial Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24001378

Acne conglobata is hardly curable and easily leads to scar formation after treatment using traditional methods.

KH902, a Recombinant Human VEGF Receptor Fusion Protein, Reduced the Level of Placental Growth Factor in Alkali Burn Induced-corneal Neovascularization Ophthalmic Research. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24008241

To investigate the expression of placental growth factor (PIGF) in alkali burn-induced murine corneal neovascularization (NV); to evaluate the effects of KH902, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor decoy, on prevention and regression of new vessels growths in the cornea; and to determine the influence of KH902 on the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and PIGF in alkali burn-induced corneal NV.

Reliability and Validity of the CogState Battery Chinese Language Version in Schizophrenia PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24023931

Cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia is a core symptom of this disease. The computerized CogState Battery (CSB) has been used to detect seven of the most common cognitive domains in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the CSB (CSB-C), in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

IQdb: an Intelligence Quotient Score-associated Gene Resource for Human Intelligence Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24030781

Intelligence quotient (IQ) is the most widely used phenotype to characterize human cognitive abilities. Recent advances in studies on human intelligence have identified many new susceptibility genes. However, the genetic mechanisms involved in IQ score and the relationship between IQ score and the risk of mental disorders have won little attention. To address the genetic complexity of IQ score, we have developed IQdb (http://IQdb.cbi.pku.edu.cn), a publicly available database for exploring IQ-associated human genes. In total, we collected 158 experimental verified genes from literature as a core dataset in IQdb. In addition, 46 genomic regions related to IQ score have been curated from literature. Based on the core dataset and 46 confirmed linked genomic regions, more than 6932 potential IQ-related genes are expanded using data of protein-protein interactions. A systematic gene ranking approach was applied to all the collected and expanded genes to represent the relative importance of all the 7090 genes in IQdb. Our further systematic pathway analysis reveals that IQassociated genes are significantly enriched in multiple signal events, especially related to cognitive systems. Of the 158 genes in the core dataset, 81 are involved in various psychotic and mental disorders. This comprehensive gene resource illustrates the importance of IQdb to our understanding on human intelligence, and highlights the utility of IQdb for elucidating the functions of IQ-associated genes and the cross-talk mechanisms among cognition-related pathways in some mental disorders for community. Database URL: http://IQdb.cbi.pku.edu.cn.

Dual Signal Amplification Strategy for the Fabrication of an Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescenct Aptasensor The Analyst. Nov, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24043220

A dual signal amplification strategy was designed to construct a cathodic peroxydisulfate-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for the ultrasensitive detection of thrombin (TB) as a model analyte. The signal was amplified by the employment of two kinds of co-reactant, (1) in situ generated dissolved O2 from the cascade catalysis of GOD and HRP as co-reactants and (2) intercalation of a new co-reactant into the grooves of the dsDNA polymers based on the hybridization chain reaction (HCR). Femtomolar levels of TB could be detected using the developed aptasensor, with high sensitivity and good stability. Thus the S2O8(2-)-O2 ECL system has great potential for development and application in clinical diagnostics, immunology and biomedical research.

Effects of Semaphorin 3A on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Activity Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24045994

Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a chemorepellant guidance protein, has been shown to be crucial for neural and vascular remodeling. This study is designed to examine the effects of Sema3A on RPE cell activity both in vitro and in vivo.

First Definition of Reference Intervals of Liver Function Tests in China: a Large-populationbased Multi-center Study About Healthy Adults PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24058449

Reference intervals of Liver function tests are very important for the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of liver diseases. We aim to establish common reference intervals of liver function tests specifically for the Chinese adult population.

[Anatomy Study on Micro Transverse Flap Pedicled with Superfical Palmar Branch of Radial Artery from Palmar Wrist] Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhongguo Xiufu Chongjian Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24063179

To study the anatomical basis of micro transverse flap pedicled with the superfical palmar branch of radial artery from the palmar wrist for using this free flap to repair soft tissue defect of the finger.

Characterization of Schizophrenia Adverse Drug Interactions Through a Network Approach and Drug Classification BioMed Research International. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24089679

Antipsychotic drugs are medications commonly for schizophrenia (SCZ) treatment, which include two groups: typical and atypical. SCZ patients have multiple comorbidities, and the coadministration of drugs is quite common. This may result in adverse drug-drug interactions, which are events that occur when the effect of a drug is altered by the coadministration of another drug. Therefore, it is important to provide a comprehensive view of these interactions for further coadministration improvement. Here, we extracted SCZ drugs and their adverse drug interactions from the DrugBank and compiled a SCZ-specific adverse drug interaction network. This network included 28 SCZ drugs, 241 non-SCZs, and 991 interactions. By integrating the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification with the network analysis, we characterized those interactions. Our results indicated that SCZ drugs tended to have more adverse drug interactions than other drugs. Furthermore, SCZ typical drugs had significant interactions with drugs of the "alimentary tract and metabolism" category while SCZ atypical drugs had significant interactions with drugs of the categories "nervous system" and "antiinfectives for systemic uses." This study is the first to characterize the adverse drug interactions in the course of SCZ treatment and might provide useful information for the future SCZ treatment.

Synergetic Regulatory Networks Mediated by Oncogene-driven MicroRNAs and Transcription Factors in Serous Ovarian Cancer Molecular BioSystems. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24129674

Although high-grade serous ovarian cancer (OVC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in women, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms in the cellular processes that lead to this cancer. Recently, accumulated lines of evidence have shown that the interplay between transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) is critical in cellular regulation during tumorigenesis. A comprehensive investigation of TFs and miRNAs, and their target genes, may provide a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms in the pathology of OVC. In this study, we have integrated three complementary algorithms into a framework, aiming to infer the regulation by miRNAs and TFs in conjunction with gene expression profiles. We demonstrated the utility of our framework by inferring 67 OVC-specific regulatory feed-forward loops (FFL) initiated by miRNAs or TFs in high-grade serous OVC. By analyzing these regulatory behaviors, we found that all the 67 FFLs are consistent in their regulatory effects on genes that are jointly targeted by miRNAs and TFs. Remarkably, we unveiled an unbalanced distribution of FFLs with different oncogenic effects. In total, 31 of the 67 coherent FFLs were mainly initiated by oncogenes. On the contrary, only 4 of the FFLs were initiated by tumor suppressor genes. These overwhelmingly observed oncogenic genes were further detected in a sub-network with 32 FFLs centered by miRNA let-7b and TF TCF7L1 to regulate cell differentiation. Closer inspection of 32 FFLs revealed that 75% of the miRNAs reportedly play functional roles in cell differentiation, especially when enriched in epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. This study provides a comprehensive pathophysiological overview of recurring coherent circuits in OVC that are co-regulated by miRNAs and TFs. The prevalence of oncogenic coherent FFLs in serous OVC suggests that oncogene-driven regulatory motifs could cooperatively act upon critical cellular processes such as cell differentiation in a highly efficient and consistent manner.

TOMM40 Rs2075650 Polymorphism Shows No Association with Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration or Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy in a Chinese Population Molecular Vision. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24146538

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) are age-related neurodegenerative diseases that share similar environmental risk factors, cellular pathologies, and genetic backgrounds. Recently, the rs2075650 single nucleotide polymorphism in the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (TOMM40) gene was identified as a risk factor for AMD and Alzheimer disease. We aimed to examine the associations between the TOMM40 rs2075650 polymorphism and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in a Chinese population.

Evolutionary and Ontogenetic Changes in RNA Editing in Human, Chimpanzee, and Macaque Brains RNA (New York, N.Y.). Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24152549

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) substitutions are the most common type of RNA editing in mammals. A-to-I RNA editing is particularly widespread in the brain and is known to play important roles in neuronal functions. In this study we investigated RNA-editing changes during human brain development and maturation, as well as evolutionary conservation of RNA-editing patterns across primates. We used high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) to quantify the RNA-editing levels and assess ontogenetic dynamics of RNA editing at more than 8000 previously annotated exonic A-to-I RNAediting sites in two brain regions--prefrontal cortex and cerebellum--of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques. We observed substantial conservation of RNA-editing levels between the brain regions, as well as among the three primate species. Evolutionary changes in RNA editing were nonetheless evident, with 40% of the annotated editing sites studied showing divergent editing levels among the three species and 16.5% of sites displaying statistically significant human-specific editing patterns. Across lifespan, we observed an increase of the RNA-editing level with advanced age in both brain regions of all three primate species.

Characterization of Two Distinct Neuraminidases from Avian-origin Humaninfecting H7N9 Influenza Viruses Cell Research. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24165891

An epidemic of an avian-origin H7N9 influenza virus has recently emerged in China, infecting 134 patients of which 45 have died. This is the first time that an influenza virus harboring an N9 serotype neuraminidase (NA) has been known to infect humans. H7N9 viruses are divergent and at least two distinct NAs and hemagglutinins (HAs) have been found, respectively, from clinical isolates. The prototypes of these viruses are A/Anhui/1/2013 and A/Shanghai/1/2013. NAs from these two viruses are distinct as the A/Shanghai/1/2013 NA has an R294K substitution that can confer NA inhibitor oseltamivir resistance. Oseltamivir is by far the most commonly used anti-influenza drug due to its potency and high bioavailability. In this study, we show that an R294K substitution results in multidrug resistance with extreme oseltamivir resistance (over 100 000-fold) using protein- and virusbased assays. To determine the molecular basis for the inhibitor resistance, we solved high-resolution crystal structures of NAs from A/Anhui/1/2013 N9 (R294-containing) and A/Shanghai/1/2013 N9 (K294-containing). R294K substitution results in an unfavorable E276 conformation for oseltamivir binding, and consequently loss of inhibitor carboxylate interactions, which compromises the binding of all classical NA ligands/inhibitors. Moreover, we found that R294K substitution results in reduced NA catalytic efficiency along with lower viral fitness. This helps to explain why K294 has predominantly been found in clinical cases of H7N9 infection under the selective pressure of oseltamivir treatment and not in the dominant human-infecting viruses. This implies that oseltamivir can still be efficiently used in the treatment of H7N9 infections.

Characterization of a Soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) Spliced from the Intron and Analysis of SB7-H3 in the Sera of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24194851

B7-H3 is a recently discovered member of the B7 superfamily molecules and has been found to play a negative role in T cell responses. In this study, we identified a new B7-H3 isoform that is produced by alternative splicing from the forth intron of B7-H3 and encodes the sB7-H3 protein. Protein sequence analysis showed that sB7-H3 contains an additional four amino acids, encoded by the intron sequence, at the C-terminus compared to the ectodomain of 2Ig-B7H3. We further found that this spliced sB7-H3 plays a negative regulatory role in T cell responses and serum sB7-H3 is higher in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than in healthy donors. Furthermore, we found that the expression of the spliced sb7-h3 gene is higher in carcinoma and peritumor tissues than in PBMCs of both healthy controls and patients, indicating that the high level of serum sB7-H3 in patients with HCC is caused by the increased expression of this newly discovered spliced sB7-H3 isoform in carcinoma and peritumor tissues.

Effects of Prunella Vulgaris on the Mice Immune Function PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24204816

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Prunella Vulgaris (P. vulgaris) on the immune function in mice. The mice were randomly divided into one control group and three treatment groups of 10 mice each. The control group received pure water and the treatment groups received P. vulgaris extract at concentrations of 0.15, 0.30 and 0.90 g/kg BW orally for 30 days, respectively. Changes in cell immune function, non-specific immunity and humoral immunity function were evaluated. Active lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Certain Serum concentrations of cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that, for cell immune function, compared with the control group, foot pad thickness in high dose group increased significantly (p0.05). For non-specific immunity, NK cell activity increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in P. vulgaris treated mice (p

Differential Responses of Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammation in Dietinduced Obese Rats with High-fat Diet Rich in Lard Oil or Soybean Oil PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24223162

To investigate the effects of high-fat diet enriched with lard oil or soybean oil on liver endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation markers in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and estimate the influence of following low-fat diet feeding.

Metabonomics Study of the Therapeutic Mechanism of Gynostemma Pentaphyllum and Atorvastatin for Hyperlipidemia in Rats PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24223845

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is widely used for the treatment of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and obesity in China, and atorvastatin is broadly used as an anti-hyperlipidemia drug. This research focuses on the plasma and liver metabolites in the following four groups of rats: control, a hyperlipidemia model, a hyperlipidemia model treated with GP and a hyperlipidemia model treated with atorvastatin. Using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics, we elucidated the therapeutic mechanisms of GP and atorvastatin. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) plotting of the metabolic state and analysis of potential biomarkers in the plasma and liver correlated well with the results of biochemical assays. GP can effectively affect lipid metabolism, and it exerts its anti-hyperlipidemia effect by elevating the level of phosphatidylcholine and decreasing the level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). In contrast, atorvastatin affects hyperlipidemia mainly during lipid metabolism and protein metabolism in vivo.

TNFRSF10A-LOC389641 Rs13278062 but Not REST-C4orf14-POLR2B-IGFBP7 Rs1713985 Was Found Associated with Age-related Macular Degeneration in a Chinese Population Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24235014

To reassess the association between TNFRSF10-LOC389641 rs13278062 and REST-C4orf14-POLR2B-IGFBP7 rs1713985 with the risk of AMD in a Chinese case-control collection.

Generation of a Tenascin-C-CreER2 Knockin Mouse Line for Conditional DNA Recombination in Renal Medullary Interstitial Cells PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24244568

Renal medullary interstitial cells (RMIC) are specialized fibroblast-like cells that exert important functions in maintaining body fluid homeostasis and systemic blood pressure. Here, we generated a RMIC specific tenascin-C promoter driven inducible CreER2 knockin mouse line with an EGFP reporter. Similar as endogenous tenascin-C expression, the reporter EGFP expression in the tenascin-CCreER2(+/-) mice was observed in the inner medulla of the kidney, and co-localized with COX2 but not with AQP2 or AQP1, suggesting selective expression in RMICs. After recombination (tenascin-CCreER2(+/-)/ROSA26-lacZ(+/-) mice + tamoxifen), -gal activity was restricted to the cells in the inner medulla of the kidney, and didn't colocalize with AQP2, consistent with selective Cre recombinase activity in RMICs. Cre activity was not obvious in other major organs or without tamoxifen treatment. This inducible RMIC specific Cre mouse line should therefore provide a novel tool to manipulate genes of interest in RMICs.

CNVannotator: a Comprehensive Annotation Server for Copy Number Variation in the Human Genome PloS One. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24244640

Copy number variation (CNV) is one of the most prevalent genetic variations in the genome, leading to an abnormal number of copies of moderate to large genomic regions. High-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing often identify thousands of CNVs involved in biological or pathological processes. Despite the growing demand to filter and classify CNVs by factors such as frequency in population, biological features, and function, surprisingly, no online web server for CNV annotations has been made available to the research community. Here, we present CNVannotator, a web server that accepts an input set of human genomic positions in a user-friendly tabular format. CNVannotator can perform genomic overlaps of the input coordinates using various functional features, including a list of the reported 356,817 common CNVs, 181,261 disease CNVs, as well as, 140,342 SNPs from genome-wide association studies. In addition, CNVannotator incorporates 2,211,468 genomic features, including ENCODE regulatory elements, cytoband, segmental duplication, genome fragile site, pseudogene, promoter, enhancer, CpG island, and methylation site. For cancer research community users, CNVannotator can apply various filters to retrieve a subgroup of CNVs pinpointed in hundreds of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. In total, 5,277,234 unique genomic coordinates with functional features are available to generate an output in a plain text format that is free to download. In summary, we provide a comprehensive web resource for human CNVs. The annotated results along with the server can be accessed at http://bioinfo.mc.vanderbilt.edu/CNVannotator/.

Flexible Free-standing Luminescent Twocomponent Fiber Films with Tunable Hierarchical Structures Based on Hydrogenbonding Architecture Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24274340

Although the fabrication of hierarchical architectures with highly ordered functional units is of great importance for both fundamental science and practical application, the development of one-dimensional (1D) organic hierarchical micro/nanostructures based on lowmolecular-weight (LMW) building blocks remains at an early stage. Herein, we report two types of micro/nanoscaled multicomponent fluorescent fiber systems with tunable hierarchical morphologies through a one-step coassembly process. With the aid of hydrogenbonding motifs, LMW precursors (1,4-bis(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene (A) and two coassembled building blocks: 4-bromotetrafluorobenzene carboxylic acid (B) and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol (C)) have been self-organized into fibers and flexible free-standing films, which show hierarchical micro/nanostructures as well as tunable one-/two-photon luminescence. The disassembly of the multicomponent A.B and A.C fibers occurs at high temperature, which further alters the luminescence properties of the multicomponent materials. Therefore, this work provides a facile wet chemical route for fabricating multicomponent LMW self-assembled fibers and free-standing film systems with tunable hierarchical structures and photoemission behaviors, and such self-organized systems may have potential applications in fields of two-photon luminescence and thermal sensors.

EDdb: a Web Resource for Eating Disorder and Its Application to Identify an Extended Adipocytokine Signaling Pathway Related to Eating Disorder Science China. Life Sciences. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24302289

Eating disorder is a group of physiological and psychological disorders affecting approximately 1% of the female population worldwide. Although the genetic epidemiology of eating disorder is becoming increasingly clear with accumulated studies, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Recently, integration of various highthroughput data expanded the range of candidate genes and started to generate hypotheses for understanding potential pathogenesis in complex diseases. This article presents EDdb (Eating Disorder database), the first evidence-based gene resource for eating disorder. Fifty-nine experimentally validated genes from the literature in relation to eating disorder were collected as the core dataset. Another four datasets with 2824 candidate genes across 601 genome regions were expanded based on the core dataset using different criteria (e.g., protein-protein interactions, shared cytobands, and related complex diseases). Based on human protein-protein interaction data, we reconstructed a potential molecular sub-network related to eating disorder. Furthermore, with an integrative pathway enrichment analysis of genes in EDdb, we identified an extended adipocytokine signaling pathway in eating disorder. Three genes in EDdb (ADIPO (adiponectin), TNF (tumor necrosis factor) and NR3C1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1)) link the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) "adipocytokine signaling pathway" with the BioCarta "visceral fat deposits and the metabolic syndrome" pathway to form a joint pathway. In total, the joint pathway contains 43 genes, among which 39 genes are related to eating disorder. As the first comprehensive gene resource for eating disorder, EDdb ( http://eddb.cbi.pku.edu.cn ) enables the exploration of genedisease relationships and cross-talk mechanisms between related disorders. Through pathway statistical studies, we revealed that abnormal body weight caused by eating disorder and obesity may both be related to dysregulation of the novel joint pathway of adipocytokine signaling. In addition, this joint pathway may be the common pathway for body weight regulation in complex human diseases related to unhealthy lifestyle.

Four New 7,8-epoxycembranoids from a Chinese Soft Coral Lobophytum Sp Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24436965

Four new 7,8-epoxycembranoids, namely (2S*,7S*,8S*,12R*,1Z,3E,10E)-7,8:2,16-diepoxycembra-1(15),3,10trien-12-ol (1), (2S*,7S*,8S*,11R*,1Z,3E)-7,8:2,16-diepoxycembra1(15),3,12(20)-trien-11-ol (2), (4S*,7S*,8S*,1Z,2E,11E)-16-acetoxy-7,8epoxycembra-1(15),2,11-trien-4-ol (3), and (7S*,8S*,15S*,1E,3E,11E)-7,8-epoxycembra-1,3,11-trien-15,16-diol (4) were isolated from a Chinese soft coral Lobophytum sp., together with eleven known analogues 5-15. The structures of the new compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. All compounds were tested for the inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages (PEM).

[Analysis of Clinical Effects of Parenterally Administered Shenqi Fuzheng on Renal Function] Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24471326

This study analyzes the clinical effects of parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng on renal function. 20 national, general hospitals were selected. Their hospital information system (HIS) data on 51 898 cases of parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng were mined for data. Patients ranged from 18 to 80 years old. 27 718 cases were selected for analysis. Serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were taken before and after treatment for outcome evaluation. According to instructions, we divided 197 cases into the treatment group (doses > 250 mL) and 5 728 cases acted as the control group (dose < or = 250 mL). Stratified analysis adjusted for age, sex, hospital illness, treatment, etc. According to the four variables, the case group compared with the control group did not show abnormal renal function changes; 57 confounding factors were balanced using propensity score method resulting in the treatment group showing no abnormal changes in renal function. This HIS b data analysis found that parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng above the recommended dosage did not significantly impact on renal function was no significant difference. Prospective studies should be carried out to validate this data.

[Application of Immunohistochemistry in Diagnosis of ALK-positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer] Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi Chinese Journal of Pathology. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24507115

Computational Tools for Copy Number Variation (CNV) Detection Using Next-generation Sequencing Data: Features and Perspectives BMC Bioinformatics. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24564169

Copy number variation (CNV) is a prevalent form of critical genetic variation that leads to an abnormal number of copies of large genomic regions in a cell. Microarray-based comparative genome hybridization (arrayCGH) or genotyping arrays have been standard technologies to detect large regions subject to copy number changes in genomes until most recently high-resolution sequence data can be analyzed by nextgeneration sequencing (NGS). During the last several years, NGSbased analysis has been widely applied to identify CNVs in both healthy and diseased individuals. Correspondingly, the strong demand for NGS-based CNV analyses has fuelled development of numerous computational methods and tools for CNV detection. In this article, we review the recent advances in computational methods pertaining to CNV detection using whole genome and whole exome sequencing data. Additionally, we discuss their strengths and weaknesses and suggest directions for future development.

[Risk Factors Analysis of Local Failure Following Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma] Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery. Nov, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24616998

To analyse the risk factors involved in local failure following radiotherapy and chemotherapy to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

[Clinical Application of Micro Transverse Flap Pedicled with Superficial Palmar Branch of Radial Artery from Palmar Wrist to Repair Skin Defect of Finger] Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhongguo Xiufu Chongjian Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24640369

To investigate the clinical application of micro transverse flap pedicled with superficial palmar branch of radial artery from palmar wrist to repair skin defect of finger.

Case-control Study of Error-related Negativity Among Males with Heroin Dependence Undergoing Rehabilitation Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry. Jun, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24991149

There were 1.2 million registered heroin users in China by the end of 2011, but little research in the country has focused on the neuropsychological functioning of these individuals.

Down-regulation of MicroRNA-29c is Associated with Renal Failure in Multiple Myeloma Leukemia & Lymphoma. Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 23656195

Increased Dietary Sodium Induces COX2 Expression by Activating NFB in Renal Medullary Interstitial Cells Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology. Feb, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 23900806

High salt diet induces renal medullary cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression. Selective blockade of renal medullary COX2 activity in rats causes salt-sensitive hypertension, suggesting a role for renal medullary COX2 in maintaining systemic sodium balance. The present study characterized the cellular location of COX2 induction in the kidney of mice following high salt diet and examined the role of NFB in mediating this COX2 induction in response to increased dietary salt. High salt diet (8 % NaCl) for 3 days markedly increased renal medullary COX2 expression in C57Bl/6 J mice. Coimmunofluorescence using a COX2 antibody and antibodies against aquaporin-2, ClC-K, aquaporin-1, and CD31 showed that high salt diet-induced COX2 was selectively expressed in renal medullary interstitial cells. By using NFB reporter transgenic mice, we observed a sevenfold increase of luciferase activity in the renal medulla of the NFB-luciferase reporter mice following high salt diet, and a robust induction of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression mainly in renal medullary interstitial cells of the NFB-EGFP reporter mice following high salt diet. Treating high salt diet-fed C57Bl/6 J mice with selective IB kinase inhibitor IMD-0354 (8 mg/kg bw) substantially suppressed COX2 induction in renal medulla, and also significantly reduced urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). These data therefore suggest that renal medullary interstitial cell NFB plays an important role in mediating renal medullary COX2 expression and promoting renal PGE2 synthesis in response to increased dietary sodium.

Pan-amyloid Oligomer Specific ScFv Antibody Attenuates Memory Deficits and Brain Amyloid Burden in Mice with Alzheimer's Disease Current Alzheimer Research. Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24156260

Amyloid oligomers have a critical function in the pathologic processes of various amyloidoses, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), Huntington's disease, prion-related diseases, type 2 diabetes, and hereditary renal amyloidosis. Our previous reports demonstrated that a conformation-dependent oligomer-specific singlechain variable fragment (scFv) antibody, W20, isolated from a naïve human scFv library, can recognize oligomers assembled from synuclein, amylin, insulin, A40/42, prion peptide 106-126, and lysozyme, inhibit the aggregation of various amyloid, and attenuate amyloid oligomer-induced cytotoxicity In vitro. Furthermore, W20 recognized the amyloid oligomers in all types of plaques, Lewy bodies, and amylin deposits in the brain tissues of AD and PD patients and in the pancreas of type 2 diabetes patients. In the current study, we showed that W20 blocked the binding of A oligomers to SH-SY5Y cells, did not bind to heat shock protein, rescued cognitive impairments in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, and interfered with A levels and deposits in mouse brain. These results suggest that W20 may be a promising therapeutic for the treatment of AD.

Combined Use of Hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin and Ionic Liquids for the Simultaneous Enantioseparation of Four Azole Antifungals by CE and a Study of the Synergistic Effect Journal of Separation Science. Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24170554

A CE method employing a dual system of hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin (HP--CD) and ionic liquids (ILs) has been developed for the simultaneous enantioseparation of four azole antifungals for the first time. In this study, three different types of ILs were employed as modifiers and among them dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was found to be the most effective. The effects of the concentration, cations, and anions of ILs on the enantioseparation were investigated. With the developed dual system, all the enantiomers were well separated in resolutions of 3.8, 3.5, 2.8, and 2.5 for miconazole, econazole, ketoconazole, and itraconazole, respectively. The interactions between dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and HP--CD were also studied using a neutral polyacrylamide coated capillary and (1) H NMR spectroscopy to further explore the synergistic effect involved. It was found that ILs improved the enantioseparation not only by changing the EOF, but also by interactions with HP--CD that could change its ability of forming inclusion complex with the enantiomers.

The Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Immunological Function Effects on Rats Bio-medical Materials and Engineering. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24211976

As a new type of biomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs), also known as colloidal gold (CG), have a wide biomedical application. In this study, GNPs with diameters of 10, 15, and 25 nm were prepared by sodium citrate reduction, and detected by common optical property, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorbance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM), separately for identification of the particle size and uniformity. In order to observe the effects of GNPs on immune function, adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were immunized with the above three GNPs, each having three doses of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 ml, and rats without immunization served as negative control. After immunization, proliferation activity of blood and spleen lymphocyte and the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in serum and supernatant of spleen lymphocyte were detected by thiazoleblue (MTT) assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The results indicated that different size of GNPs was prepared, and the uniformity increased with the decrease of the size of particles. Different diameters and doses of GNPs have different effects on proliferation of blood and spleen lymphocyte, as well as the levels of IL-2 in serum and supernatant of spleen lymphocyte. The 15 nm CG in 0.6 ml dose group could most significantly promote blood and spleen lymphocyte proliferation, and enhance IL-2 levels in serum and supernatant of spleen lymphocyte. Taken together, the findings revealed that application of CG prepared by sodium citrate reduction could enhance specific and nonspecific immune responses, and the 0.6 ml dose of 15 nm CG might be the best immunizing dose in rats. This fact may serve as a further evidence for using CG as a novel immunoadjuvant in the future.

Peritoneal Dialysis-related Peritonitis with Acinetobacter Baumannii: a Review of Seven Cases Peritoneal Dialysis International : Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24293662

Peritonitis is still known as an important complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is an increasing problem worldwide. Moreover, the increasing reports of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains is common. Although peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis with MDR A. baumannii is rarely reported, infection with this organism always results in serious peritonitis and increases the possibility of dropout or mortality. Here, we present 7 cases of peritonitis caused by A. baumannii species. Among those 7 cases, 2 involved MDR A. baumannii, and 1 involved a carbapenem-resistant strain. All the MDR bacterial infections failed treatment. We also review the literature about Acinetobacter peritonitis and current treatment protocols.

Ultrasensitive Apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 Immunosensing Based on Selfenhanced Electrochemiluminescence of a Ru(II) Complex Analytical Chemistry. Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24328308

An alternative "signal on" immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE-1) was designed utilizing the self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of a novel Ru(II) complex functionalized coil-like nanocomposite as signal labels. The desirable self-enhanced ECL luminophore was achieved by combining the coreactant of poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and the luminophor of bis(2,2'-bipyridine)-5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)2(5-NH2-1,10-phen)(2+)] to form one novel Ru(II) complex, which exhibited significantly enhanced ECL efficiency and stability. Moreover, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were employed as nanocarriers for self-enhanced Ru(II) complex loading via - stacking to obtain the coil-like nanocomposite to act as signal probe. Compared with traditional ECL immunoassay, our proposed strategy is simple and sensitive, avoiding the adding of any coreactant into testing solution for signal amplification, and shows a detection limit down to subfemtogram per milliliter level under the optimized experimental condition.

A Luminescent Dye@MOF Platform: Emission Fingerprint Relationships of Volatile Organic Molecules Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English). Feb, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24382789

Self-assembly of luminescent moieties into porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has generated many luminescent platforms for probing volatile organic molecules (VOMs). However, most of those explored thus far have only been based on the luminescence intensity of one transition, which is not efficient for probing different VOMs. We have synthesized a luminescent MOF material containing 1D nanotube channels, and further developed a luminescent dye@MOF platform to realize the probing of different VOMs by tuning the energy transfer efficiency between two different emissions. The dye@MOF platform exhibits excellent fingerprint correlation between the VOM and the emission peak-height ratio of ligand to dye moieties. The dye@MOF sensor is self-calibrating, stable, and instantaneous, thus the approach should be a very promising strategy to develop luminescent materials with unprecedented practical applications.

Identification of Astilbin Metabolites Produced by Human Intestinal Bacteria Using UPLC-QTOF/MS Biomedical Chromatography : BMC. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24399635

Astilbin, mainly isolated from a commonly used herbal medicine, Smilax glabra Roxb (SGR), exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities and biological effects. It is metabolized by intestinal bacteria after oral administration which leads to the variation of ethnopharmacological profile of this traditional medicine. However, little is known on the interactions of this active compound with intestinal bacteria, which would be very helpful in unravelling how SGR works. In this study, different pure bacteria from human feces were isolated and were used to investigate their conversion capability of astilbin. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-timeof-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) technique combined with Metabolynx(TM) software was used to analyze astilbin and its metabolites. The parent compound and two metabolites (quercetin and eriodictyol) were detected in the isolated bacterial samples compared with blank samples. Quercetin was present in Enterococcus sp. 8B, 82 and 9-2 samples. Eriodictyol was only identified in Enterococcus sp. 8B sample. The metabolic routes and metabolites of astilbin produced by the different intestinal bacteria are reported for the first time. This will be useful for the investigation of the pharmacokinetic study of astilbin in vivo and the role of different intestinal bacteria in the metabolism of natural compounds.

Amplified Electrochemiluminescent Aptasensor Using Mimicking Bi-enzyme Nanocomplexes As Signal Enhancement Analytica Chimica Acta. Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24418132

In this work, a sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin (TB) was designed based on mimicking bi-enzyme cascade catalysis to in situ generate coreactant of dissolved oxygen (O2) for signal amplification. We utilized hollow Au nanoparticles (HAuNPs) as carriers to immobilize glucose oxidase nanoparticles (GOxNPs) and Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) by electrostatic adsorption. Then, the detection aptamer of thrombin (TBA 2) was immobilized on the PtNPs/GOxNPs/HAuNPs nanocomplexes. Finally, hemin was intercalated into the TBA 2 to obtain the hemin/G-quadruplex structure. The hemin/G-quadruplex was an interesting DNAzyme that commonly mimiced horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Herein, GOxNPs, hemin/G-quadruplex and PtNPs could form mimicking bi-enzyme cascade catalysis system to in situ generate dissolved O2 as coreactant in peroxydisulfate solution when the testing buffer contained proper amounts of glucose. This method had successfully overcome the disadvantage of difficulty to label the dissolved O2 and realized the ECL signal amplification. The experiment proved that the aptasensor had good linear relationship on low concentration of TB. The linear range was 1×10(-6)-10 nM, with a detection limit of 0.3 fM.

An Evidence-based Knowledgebase of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension to Identify Genes and Pathways Relevant to Pathogenesis Molecular BioSystems. Apr, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24448676

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a major progressive form of pulmonary hypertension (PH) with more than 4800 patients in the United States. In the last two decades, many studies have identified numerous genes associated with this disease. However, there is no comprehensive research resource for PAH or other PH types that integrates various genetic studies and their related biological information. Thus, the number of associated genes, and their strength of evidence, is unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a web-based knowledgebase could be used to develop a biological map of highly interrelated, functionally important genes in PAH. We developed the pulmonary arterial hypertension knowledgebase (PAHKB, ), a comprehensive database with a user-friendly web interface. PAHKB extracts genetic data from all available sources, including those from association studies, genetic mutation, gene expression, animal model, supporting literature, various genomic annotations, gene networks, cellular and regulatory pathways, as well as microRNAs. Moreover, PAHKB provides online tools for data browsing and searching, data integration, pathway graphical presentation, and gene ranking. In the current release, PAHKB contains 341 human PH-related genes (293 protein coding and 48 non-coding genes) curated from over 1000 PubMed abstracts. Based on the top 39 ranked PAH-related genes in PAHKB, we constructed a core biological map. This core map was enriched with the TGF-beta signaling pathway, focal adhesion, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and MAPK signaling. In addition, the reconstructed map elucidates several novel cancer signaling pathways, which may provide clues to support the application of anti-cancer therapeutics to PAH. In summary, we have developed a system for the identification of core PH-related genes and identified critical signaling pathways that may be relevant to PAH pathogenesis. This system can be easily applied to other pulmonary diseases.

A Stable Microporous Mixed-metal Metalorganic Framework with Highly Active Cu2+ Sites for Efficient Cross-dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany). Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24458917

Two metalloporphyrin octacarboxylates were used to link copper(II) nodes for the formation of two novel porous mixed-metal metal-organic frameworks (M'MOFs) containing nanopore cages (2.1nm in diameter) or nanotubular channels (1.5nm in diameter). The highly active Cu(2+) sites on the nanotubular surfaces of the stable porous M'MOF ZJU-22, stabilized by three-connected nets, lead to the superior catalytic activity for the cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction.

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Avicularin Metabolites Produced by a Human Intestinal Bacterium Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences. Feb, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24463398

Intestinal bacteria from human were screened to isolate the specific bacteria involved in the metabolism of avicularin. A Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, strain 46, capable of metabolizing avicularin (quercetin-3-O-arabinoside) was isolated for the first time. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence showed 99% similarity with that of Bacillus. Then strain 46 was identified as a species of the genus Bacillus, and was named to be Bacillus sp. 46. Additionally, the metabolites were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupoletime-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) technique combined with Metabolynx™ software. The structure of these metabolites were proposed and confirmed by comparing the UPLC retention time and MS/MS spectrum with that of authentic standards. Parent compound and six metabolites were detected in the isolated bacterial samples compared with blank samples. Avicularin (M1) was anaerobic metabolized to its aglycone quercetin (M2) and methoxylated avicularin (M3, M4), then quercetin was converted to quercetin glycosides: quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (M5), quercetin-3-Oglucoside (M6) and quercetin-7-O-glucoside (M7) by Bacillus sp. 46. The metabolic pathway and metabolites of avicularin by the intestinal bacterium Bacillus sp. 46 were reported for the first time.

Porous Metal-organic Frameworks for Heterogeneous Biomimetic Catalysis Accounts of Chemical Research. Apr, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24499017

Metalloporphyrins are the active sites in monooxygenases that oxidize a variety of substrates efficiently and under mild conditions. Researchers have developed artificial metalloporphyrins, but these structures have had limited catalytic applications. Homogeneous artificial metalloporphyrins can undergo catalytic deactivation via suicidal self-oxidation, which lowers their catalytic activity and sustainability relative to their counterparts in Nature. Heme molecules in protein scaffolds can maintain high efficiency over numerous catalytic cycles. Therefore, we wondered if immobilizing metalloporphyrin moieties within porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) could stabilize these structures and facilitate the molecular recognition of substrates and produce highly efficient biomimetic catalysis. In this Account, we describe our research to develop multifunctional porphyrinic frameworks as highly efficient heterogeneous biomimetic catalysts. Our studies indicate that porous porphyrinic frameworks provide an excellent platform for mimicking the activity of biocatalysts and developing new heterogeneous catalysts that effect new chemical transformations under mild conditions. The porous structures and framework topologies of the porphyrinic frameworks depend on the configurations, coordination donors, and porphyrin metal ions of the metalloporphyrin moieties. To improve the activity of porous porphyrinic frameworks, we have developed a twostep synthesis that introduces the functional polyoxometalates (POMs) into POM-porphyrin hybrid materials. To tune the pore structures and the catalytic properties of porphyrinic frameworks, we have designed metalloporphyrin M-H8OCPP ligands with four mbenzenedicarboxylate moieties, and introduced the secondary auxiliary ligands. The porphyrin metal ions and the secondary functional moieties that are incorporated into porous metal-organic frameworks greatly influence the catalytic properties and activities of porphyrinic frameworks in different reactions, such as the oxidation of alkylbenzenes, olefins, and hexane and the photo-oxygenation of 1,5dihydroxynaphthalene and sulfides. The porphyrin metal ions and the secondary auxiliary sites in the pores can work together synergistically to enhance the catalytic activities of porphyrinic frameworks. Compared with their homogeneous counterparts, the activities and stabilities of the heterogeneous porphyrinic frameworks are remarkable: the immobilization of metalloporphyrins onto the pore surfaces of MOFs not only prevents their suicidal self-oxidation but also allows them to activate inert substrate molecules, such as cyclohexane. Moreover, because the bulky molecules cannot easily access the active sites inside the pores of porphyrinic frameworks, these porous materials demonstrate interesting size-selective catalytic properties toward substrates.

Human Transporter Database: Comprehensive Knowledge and Discovery Tools in the Human Transporter Genes PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24558441

Transporters are essential in homeostatic exchange of endogenous and exogenous substances at the systematic, organic, cellular, and subcellular levels. Gene mutations of transporters are often related to pharmacogenetics traits. Recent developments in high throughput technologies on genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics allow in depth studies of transporter genes in normal cellular processes and diverse disease conditions. The flood of high throughput data have resulted in urgent need for an updated knowledgebase with curated, organized, and annotated human transporters in an easily accessible way. Using a pipeline with the combination of automated keywords query, sequence similarity search and manual curation on transporters, we collected 1,555 human non-redundant transporter genes to develop the Human Transporter Database (HTD) (http://htd.cbi.pku.edu.cn). Based on the extensive annotations, global properties of the transporter genes were illustrated, such as expression patterns and polymorphisms in relationships with their ligands. We noted that the human transporters were enriched in many fundamental biological processes such as oxidative phosphorylation and cardiac muscle contraction, and significantly associated with Mendelian and complex diseases such as epilepsy and sudden infant death syndrome. Overall, HTD provides a well-organized interface to facilitate research communities to search detailed molecular and genetic information of transporters for development of personalized medicine.

Factors Associated with One Year Retention to Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program Among Patients with Heroin Dependence in China Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24565169

The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with dropout from Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) clinics within a 1 year follow-up cohort study in China.

A Systems Biology Approach to Identify Intelligence Quotient Score-related Genomic Regions, and Pathways Relevant to Potential Therapeutic Treatments Scientific Reports. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24566931

Although the intelligence quotient (IQ) is the most popular intelligence test in the world, little is known about the underlying biological mechanisms that lead to the differences in human. To improve our understanding of cognitive processes and identify potential biomarkers, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of 158 IQrelated genes selected from the literature. A genomic distribution analysis demonstrated that IQ-related genes were enriched in seven regions of chromosome 7 and the X chromosome. In addition, these genes were enriched in target lists of seven transcription factors and sixteen microRNAs. Using a network-based approach, we further reconstructed an IQ-related pathway from known human pathway interaction data. Based on this reconstructed pathway, we incorporated enriched drugs and described the importance of dopamine and norepinephrine systems in IQ-related biological process. These findings not only reveal several testable genes and processes related to IQ scores, but also have potential therapeutic implications for IQrelated mental disorders.

Activation of ERK1/2 by NADPH Oxidaseoriginated Reactive Oxygen Species Mediates Uric Acid-induced Mesangial Cell Proliferation American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24573389

Hyperuricemia is associated with kidney complications including glomerulosclerosis and mesangial cell (MC) proliferation by poorly understood mechanisms. The present study investigated the underlying mechanisms that mediate uric acid (UA)-induced MC proliferation. A rat MC line, HBZY-1, was treated with various concentrations of UA in the presence or absence of a specific extracellular-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor (U0126), apocynin. UA dose dependently stimulated MC proliferation as shown by increased DNA synthesis and number of cells in the S and G2 phases in parallel with the upregulation of cyclin A2 and cyclin D1. In addition, UA time dependently promoted MC proliferation and significantly increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not c-Jun NH2terminal kinase and p38 MAPK in MCs as assessed by immunoblotting. Inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling via U0126 markedly blocked UA-induced MC proliferation. More importantly, UA induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of MCs dose dependently, which was completely blocked by apocynin, a specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor. Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 signaling had no effect on NADPH-derived ROS and UA-induced MC proliferation. Interestingly, pretreatment with apocynin inhibited ERK1/2 activation, the upregulation of cyclin A2 and cyclin D1, and MC proliferation. In conclusion, UA-induced MC proliferation was mediated by NADPH/ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This novel finding not only reveals the mechanism of UA-induced MC cell proliferation but also provides some potential targets for future treatment of UA-related glomerular injury.

Ex Vivo Expanded Human Regulatory T Cells Delay Islet Allograft Rejection Via Inhibiting Islet-derived Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein1 Production in CD34+ Stem Cells-reconstituted NOD-scid IL2rnull Mice PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24594640

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by immune-mediated destruction of insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas. Near complete dependence on exogenous insulin makes T1DM very difficult to control, with the result that patients are exposed to high blood glucose and risk of diabetic complications and/or intermittent low blood glucose that can cause unconsciousness, fits and even death. Allograft transplantation of pancreatic islets restores normoglycemia with a low risk of surgical complications. However, although successful immediately after transplantation, islets are progressively lost, with most of the patients requiring exogenous insulin within 2 years post-transplant. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement for the development of new strategies to prevent islet rejection. In this study, we explored the importance of human regulatory T cells in the control of islets allograft rejection. We developed a pre-clinical model of human islet transplantation by reconstituting NOD-scid IL2rnull mice with cord blood-derived human CD34+ stem cells and demonstrated that although the engrafted human immune system mediated the rejection of human islets, their survival was significantly prolonged following adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded human Tregs. Mechanistically, Tregs inhibited the infiltration of innate immune cells and CD4+ T cells into the graft by down-regulating the islet graft-derived monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Our findings might contribute to the development of clinical strategies for Treg therapy to control human islet rejection. We also show for the first time that CD34+ cells-reconstituted NOD-scid IL2rnull mouse model could be beneficial for investigating human innate immunity in vivo.

Analysis of the Metabolites of Isorhamnetin 3-Oglucoside Produced by Human Intestinal Flora in Vitro by Applying Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography/quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Mar, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24601527

Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, which is widely contained in many vegetables and rice, is expected to be metabolized by intestinal microbiota after digestion, which brings about the profile of its pharmacological effect. However, little is known about the interactions between this active ingredient and the intestinal flora. In this study, the preculture bacteria and GAM (general anaerobic medium) broth with isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside were mixed for 48 h of incubation. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for analysis of the metabolites of isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside in the corresponding supernatants of fermentation. The parent and five metabolites were found and preliminarily identified on the basis of the chromatograms and characteristics of their protonated ions. Four main metabolic pathways, including deglycosylation, demethoxylation, dehydroxylation, and acetylation, were summarized to explain how the metabolites were converted. Acetylated isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside and kaempferol 3O-glucoside were detected only in the sample of Escherichia sp. 12, and quercetin existed only in the sample of Escherichia sp. 4. However, the majority of bacteria could metabolize isorhamnetin 3-Oglucoside to its aglycon isorhamnetin, and then isorhamnetin was degraded to kaempferol. The metabolic pathway and the metabolites of isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside yielded by different isolated human intestinal bacteria were investigated for the first time. The results probably provided useful information for further in vivo metabolism and active mechanism research on isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside.

Resource Optimized TTSH-URA for Multimedia Stream Authentication in Swallowable-capsulebased Wireless Body Sensor Networks IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics. Mar, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24608045

To ease the burdens on the hospitalization capacity, an emerging swallowable-capsule technology has evolved to serve as a remote gastrointestinal (GI) disease examination technique with the aid of the wireless body sensor network (WBSN). Secure multimedia transmission in such a swallowable-capsule-based WBSN faces critical challenges including energy efficiency and content quality guarantee. In this paper, we propose a joint resource allocation and stream authentication scheme to maintain the best possible video quality while ensuring security and energy efficiency in GI-WBSNs. The contribution of this research is twofold. First, we establish a unique signature-hash (S-H) diversity approach in the authentication domain to optimize video authentication robustness and the authentication bit rate overhead over a wireless channel. Based on the full exploration of S-H authentication diversity, we propose a new two-tier signature-hash (TTSH) stream authentication scheme to improve the video quality by reducing authentication dependence overhead while protecting its integrity. Second, we propose to combine this authentication scheme with a unique S-H oriented unequal resource allocation (URA) scheme to improve the energy-distortion-authentication performance of wireless video delivery in GI-WBSN. Our analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed TTSH with URA scheme achieves considerable gain in both authenticated video quality and energy efficiency.

Authors' Response: Nuchal Cord and Cesarean Delivery in China European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24630574

Biofeedback Combined with Cue-exposure As a Treatment for Heroin Addicts Physiology & Behavior. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24631304

The aim of this study was to test if cue-exposure therapy (CET) combined with biofeedback therapy (BT) could decrease craving and physiological reactivity to drug-related cues in heroin dependents. Forty-five participants were randomly assigned to usual rehabilitation with or without CET combined with BT. Craving was assessed by a 100-point visual analog scale (VAS). Skin conductance (SC) and muscle electromyography (MEG) were recorded using a biofeedback device. After 2 months of treatment, both the pre-cue exposure craving and the post-cue exposure craving, SC, and MEG were lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Compared to the control group, the experimental group had a greater decrease in craving, SC, and MEG from baseline after the treatment. The results suggest that CET combined with BT treatment is effective in reducing craving and physiology reactivity in heroin dependents and could be used as a component of heroin-dependence rehabilitation.

Comparative Metabolism of Radix Scutellariae Extract by Intestinal Bacteria from Normal and Type 2 Diabetic Mice in Vitro Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Apr, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24632019

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in clinical practice for several thousand years. TCM has played an indispensable role in the prevention and treatment of disease, especially the complicated and chronic ones. In TCMs, many ingredients which are known to have biological effects just pass through the gut, they do not get into the bloodstream. Study on interactions of these active ingredients with the intestinal bacteria is very helpful to unravel how TCM works. Radix scutellariae was widely used alone or in combination with other medicinal herbs to the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus for a long time in China even in Asia. Additionally, the incidence of type 2 diabetes is closely related to the changes of intestinal flora. In this paper, the metabolism of baicalin in Radix scutellariae extract by normal and type 2 diabetic mice intestinal bacteria were firstly investigated.

Cross-sectional Study of the Relationship of Peripheral Blood Cell Profiles with Severity of Infection by Adenovirus Type 55 BMC Infectious Diseases. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24646014

The immunologic profiles of patients with human adenovirus serotype 55 (HAdV-55) infections were characterized in subjects diagnosed with silent infections (n=30), minor infections (n=27), severe infections (n=34), and healthy controls (n=30) during a recent outbreak among Chinese military trainees.

One-pot Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Nontoxic Ingestion by Zebrafish for in Vivo Imaging Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany). May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24677275

Photoluminescent carbon and/or silicon-based nanodots have attracted ever increasing interest. Accordingly, a myriad of synthetic methodologies have been developed to fabricate them, which unfortunately, however, frequently involve relatively tedious steps, such as initial surface passivation and subsequent functionalization. Herein, we describe a green and sustainable synthetic strategy to combine these procedures into one step and to produce highly luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which can also be easily fabricated into flexible thin films with intense luminescence for future roll-to-roll manufacturing of optoelectronic devices. The as-synthesized CQDs exhibited enhanced cellular permeability and low or even noncytotoxicity for cellular applications, as corroborated by confocal fluorescence imaging of HeLa cells as well as cell viability measurements. Most strikingly, zebrafish were directly fed with CQDs for in vivo imaging, and mortality and morphologic analysis indicated ingestion of the CQDs posed no harm to the living organisms. Hence, the multifunctional CQDs potentially provide a rich pool of tools for optoelectronic and biomedical applications.

Different Hereditary Contribution of the CFH Gene Between Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Age-related Macular Degeneration in Chinese Han People Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Apr, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24692129

To investigate whether 11 variants in complement factor H gene contributed differently in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) of Chinese descent.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Gerbera Anandria Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24699147

Gerbera anandria (Compositae) was extracted with 75% ethanol and the residue was fractionated using light petroleum, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The constituents of the extracts were separated by column chromatography employing solvents of different polarity. Column chromatography of the light petroleum fraction resulted in the isolation of methyl hexadecanoate, while the chloroform fraction afforded xanthotoxin, 2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, 7-hydroxy1(3H)-isobenzofuranone, a mixture of -sitosterol and stigmasterol, and 8-methoxysmyrindiol and the ethyl acetate fraction gave gerberinside, apigenin-7-O--d-glucopyranoside and quercetin. A new coumarin, 8methoxysmyrindiol, was found. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by MS and NMR (HSQC, HMBC). Free radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities of crude extracts and 8methoxysmyrindiol were further investigated. The ethyl acetate phase exerted the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging activity in comparison to the other fractions. The coumarin 8-methoxysmyrindiol demonstrated cytotoxicity against multiple human cancer cell lines, with the highest potency in HepG2 cells.

Effect of Low Concentration Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on the Electromigration of Palonosetron Hydrochloride Stereoisomers in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Journal of Chromatography. A. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24709591

The effect of low concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the separation of palonosetron hydrochloride (PALO) stereoisomers by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) has been investigated. It was found that the addition of SDS prolongs the migration time and the migration order of four stereoisomers changes regularly with the SDS concentration. Good separations for all the four stereoisomers were achieved at appropriate SDS concentration. The effect of SDS on the electromigration (mobilities) of PALO stereoisomers has been studied, in order to explain its effect on the separation by MEKC. It was found that low concentrations of SDS added into the separation media forms negatively charged complexes with PALO stereoisomers and hence reverses their electromigration direction. Furthermore, the migration order between two enantiomeric pairs is also reversed because the enantiomeric pair with a bigger positive mobility than that of another pair turns to have a bigger negative mobility when bound with SDS. Based on these results, the effect of SDS on the MEKC separation of PALO stereoisomers was elucidated reasonably. The performance of the developed chiral MEKC method was validated by the analysis of a real sample.

The Electrical Response to Injury: Molecular Mechanisms and Wound Healing Advances in Wound Care. Feb, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24761358

Significance: Natural, endogenous electric fields (EFs) and currents arise spontaneously after wounding of many tissues, especially epithelia, and are necessary for normal healing. This wound electrical activity is a long-lasting and regulated response. Enhancing or inhibiting this electrical activity increases or decreases wound healing, respectively. Cells that are responsible for wound closure such as corneal epithelial cells or skin keratinocytes migrate directionally in EFs of physiological magnitude. However, the mechanisms of how the wound electrical response is initiated and regulated remain unclear. Recent Advances: Wound EFs and currents appear to arise by ion channel up-regulation and redistribution, which are perhaps triggered by an intracellular calcium wave or cell depolarization. We discuss the possibility of stimulation of wound healing via pharmacological enhancement of the wound electric signal by stimulation of ion pumping. Critical Issues: Chronic wounds are a major problem in the elderly and diabetic patient. Any strategy to stimulate wound healing in these patients is desirable. Applying electrical stimulation directly is problematic, but pharmacological enhancement of the wound signal may be a promising strategy. Future Directions: Understanding the molecular regulation of wound electric signals may reveal some fundamental mechanisms in wound healing. Manipulating fluxes of ions and electric currents at wounds might offer new approaches to achieve better wound healing and to heal chronic wounds.

The Influence of Drug Physical State on the Dissolution Enhancement of Solid Dispersions Prepared Via Hot-melt Extrusion: a Case Study Using Olanzapine Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Apr, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24765654

In this study, we examine the relationship between the physical structure and dissolution behavior of olanzapine (OLZ) prepared via hot-melt extrusion in three polymers [polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30, polyvinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate (PVPVA) 6:4, and Soluplus® (SLP)]. In particular, we examine whether full amorphicity is necessary to achieve a favorable dissolution profile. Drug–polymer miscibility was estimated using melting point depression and Hansen solubility parameters. Solid dispersions were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. All the polymers were found to be miscible with OLZ in a decreasing order of PVP>PVPVA>SLP. At a lower extrusion temperature (160°C), PVP generated fully amorphous dispersions with OLZ, whereas the formulations with PVPVA and SLP contained 14%-16% crystalline OLZ. Increasing the extrusion temperature to 180°C allowed the preparation of fully amorphous systems with PVPVA and SLP. Despite these differences, the dissolution rates of these preparations were comparable, with PVP showing a lower release rate despite being fully amorphous. These findings suggested that, at least in the particular case of OLZ, the absence of crystalline material may not be critical to the dissolution performance. We suggest alternative key factors determining dissolution, particularly the dissolution behavior of the polymers themselves.

Finite Element Analysis of a Bone Healing Model: 1-year Follow-up After Internal Fixation Surgery for Femoral Fracture Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. Mar, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24772140

Finite element analysis was used to compare preoperative and postoperative stress distribution of a bone healing model of femur fracture, to identify whether broken ends of fractured bone would break or not after fixation dislodgement one year after intramedullary nailing. Method s: Using fast, personalized imaging, bone healing models of femur fracture were constructed based on data from multi-slice spiral computed tomography using Mimics, Geomagic Studio, and Abaqus software packages. The intramedullary pin was removed by Boolean operations before fixation was dislodged. Loads were applied on each model to simulate a person standing on one leg. The von Mises stress distribution, maximum stress, and its location was observed. Results : According to 10 kinds of display groups based on material assignment, the nodes of maximum and minimum von Mises stress were the same before and after dislodgement, and all nodes of maximum von Mises stress were outside the fracture line. The maximum von Mises stress node was situated at the bottom quarter of the femur. The von Mises stress distribution was identical before and after surgery. Conclusion : Fast, personalized model establishment can simulate fixation dislodgement before operation, and personalized finite element analysis was performed to successfully predict whether nail dislodgement would disrupt femur fracture or not.

NHE3 Phosphorylation Via PKC Marks the Polarity and Orientation of Directionally Migrating Cells Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24788043

Endogenous electric fields (EF) may provide an overriding cue for directional cell migration during wound closure. Perceiving a constant direction requires active sodium-hydrogen exchanger (pNHE3) at the leading edge of HEK 293 cells but its activation mechanism is not yet fully understood. Because protein kinase C (PKC) is required in electrotaxis, we asked whether NHE3 is activated by PKC during wound healing. Using pharmacological (pseudosubstrate and edelfosine) inhibition, we showed that inhibition of PKC isoform impairs directional cell migration in HEK 293 cells in the presence of a persistent directional cue (0.25-0.3 V/mm of EF for 2 h). Further, we found that pNHE3 forms complexes with both PKC and -tubulin, suggesting that these molecules may regulate the microtubuleorganizing center. In addition, cellular pNHE3 content was reduced significantly when PKC was inhibited during directional cell migration. Taken together, these data suggest that PKC-dependent phosphorylation of NHE3 and the formation of pNHE3/PKC/-tubulin complexes at the leading edge of the cell are required for directional cell migration in an EF.

Catalase Mimic Property of Co3O4 Nanomaterials with Different Morphology and Its Application As a Calcium Sensor ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24796855

The applications of inorganic nanomaterials as biomimetic catalysts are receiving much attention because of their high stability and low cost. In this work, Co3O4 nanomaterials including nanoplates, nanorods, and nanocubes were synthesized. The morphologies and compositions of the products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The catalytic properties of Co3O4 nanomaterials as catalase mimics were studied. The Co3O4 materials with different morphology exhibited different catalytic activities in the order of nanoplates > nanorods > nanocubes. The difference of the catalytic activities originated from their different abilities of electron transfer. Their catalytic activities increased significantly in the presence of calcium ion. On the basis of the stimulation by calcium ion, a biosensor was constructed by Co3O4 nanoplates for the determination of calcium ion. The biosensor had a linear relation to calcium concentrations and good measurement correlation between 0.1 and 1 mM with a detection limit of 4 µM (S/N = 3). It showed high selectivity against other metal ions and good reproducibility. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of calcium in a milk sample.

Angiotensin II Plasma Levels Are Linked to Disease Severity and Predict Fatal Outcomes in H7N9-infected Patients Nature Communications. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24800963

A novel influenza A (H7N9) virus of avian origin emerged in eastern China in the spring of 2013. This virus causes severe disease in humans, including acute and often lethal respiratory failure. As of January 2014, 275 cases of H7N9-infected patients had been reported, highlighting the urgency of identifying biomarkers for predicting disease severity and fatal outcomes. Here, we show that plasma levels of angiotensin II, a major regulatory peptide of the renin-angiotensin system, are markedly elevated in H7N9 patients and are associated with disease progression. Moreover, the sustained high levels of angiotensin II in these patients are strongly correlated with mortality. The predictive value of angiotensin II is higher than that of C-reactive protein and some clinical parameters such as the PaO2/FiO2 ratio (partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen). Our findings indicate that angiotensin II is a biomarker for lethality in flu infections.

Single Cell Wound Generates Electric Current Circuit and Cell Membrane Potential Variations That Requires Calcium Influx Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences from Nano to Macro. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24801267

Breaching of the cell membrane is one of the earliest and most common causes of cell injury, tissue damage, and disease. If the compromise in cell membrane is not repaired quickly, irreversible cell damage, cell death and defective organ functions will result. It is therefore fundamentally important to efficiently repair damage to the cell membrane. While the molecular aspects of single cell wound healing are starting to be deciphered, its bio-physical counterpart has been poorly investigated. Using Xenopus laevis oocytes as a model for single cell wound healing, we describe the temporal and spatial dynamics of the wound electric current circuitry and the temporal dynamics of cell membrane potential variation. In addition, we show the role of calcium influx in controlling electric current circuitry and cell membrane potential variations. (i) Upon wounding a single cell: an inward electric current appears at the wound center while an outward electric current is observed at its sides, illustrating the wound electric current circuitry; the cell membrane is depolarized; calcium flows into the cell. (ii) During cell membrane re-sealing: the wound center current density is maintained for a few minutes before decreasing; the cell membrane gradually re-polarizes; calcium flow into the cell drops. (iii) In conclusion, calcium influx is required for the formation and maintenance of the wound electric current circuitry, for cell membrane re-polarization and for wound healing.

Dysfunction of the PGC-1-mitochondria Axis Confers Adriamycin-induced Podocyte Injury American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology. Jun, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24808537

Adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy in animals is an experimental analog of human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, which presents as severe podocyte injury and massive proteinuria and has a poorly understood mechanism. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorcoactivator (PGC)-1-mitochondria axis is involved in ADR-induced podocyte injury. Using MPC5 immortalized mouse podocytes, ADR dose dependently induced downregulation of nephrin and podocin, cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction based on the increase in mitochondrial ROS production, decrease in mitochondrial DNA copy number, and reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content. Moreover, ADR treatment also remarkably reduced the expression of PGC-1, an important regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, in podocytes. Strikingly, PGC-1 overexpression markedly attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction, the reduction of nephrin and podocin, and the apoptotic response in podocytes after ADR treatment. Moreover, downregulation of PGC-1 and mitochondria disruption in podocytes were also observed in rat kidneys with ADR administration, suggesting that the PGC-1mitochondria axis is relevant to in vivo ADR-induced podocyte damage. Taken together, these novel findings suggest that dysfunction of the PGC-1-mitochondria axis is highly involved in ADR-induced podocyte injury. Targeting PGC-1 may be a novel strategy for the treatment of ADR nephropathy and human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

[Effect of Weifuchun on Inhibiting Inflammation of Helicobacter Pylori-infected GES-1 Cells and NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway] Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine / Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui, Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban. Apr, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24812903

To study the effect of Weifuchun on inflammation of Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-infected gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) and its correlation with NF-kappaB signaling pathway.

Davida Teller Award Lecture 2013: the Importance of Prediction and Anticipation in the Control of Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements Journal of Vision. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24839290

The ability of smooth pursuit eye movements to anticipate the future motion of targets has been known since the pioneering work of Dodge, Travis, and Fox (1930) and Westheimer (1954). This article reviews aspects of anticipatory smooth eye movements, focusing on the roles of the different internal or external cues that initiate anticipatory pursuit.We present new results showing that the anticipatory smooth eye movements evoked by different cues differ substantially, even when the cues are equivalent in the information conveyed about the direction of future target motion. Cues that convey an easily interpretable visualization of the motion path produce faster anticipatory smooth eye movements than the other cues tested, including symbols associated arbitrarily with the path, and the same target motion tested repeatedly over a block of trials. The differences among the cues may be understood within a common predictive framework in which the cues differ in the level of subjective certainty they provide about the future path. Pursuit may be driven by a combined signal in which immediate sensory motion, and the predictions about future motion generated by sets of cues, are weighted according to their respective levels of certainty. Anticipatory smooth eye movements, an overt indicator of expectations and predictions, may not be operating in isolation, but may be part of a global process in which the brain analyzes available cues, formulates predictions, and uses them to control perceptual, motor, and cognitive processes.

The Levels of Ki-67 Positive Are Positively Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24879617

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In this study, we evaluate the potential risk factors for lymph node metastasis in invasive breast cancer patients with axillary dissection. 147 patients were included into this prospective study. The prognostic biomarkers including Ki-67, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), hormone receptor status, p53, and lymph node involvement were determined by immunohistochemistry. The association between lymph node metastasis and these biomarkers was analyzed. Lymph node metastasis was found in 62 patients out of 147 patients. The high levels of Ki-67 positive (greater than 20 %) were positively correlated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis, including the numbers of lymph nodes that contain tumor cells and the lymph node metastatic rate. The high rate of positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is associated with lymph node metastasis. However, the levels of Ki-67 positive were not correlated with the positive rate of LVI. There was also no association between lymph node metastasis and other prognostic biomarkers, such as HER-2, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and p53. In addition, apart from p53, the levels of Ki-67 positive were correlated with other prognostic biomarkers. Our data suggest that Ki-67 positivity has value as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in breast cancer and may be a valuable proliferation marker in routine diagnosis of breast cancer.

Identification of the Metabolites of Myricitrin Produced by Human Intestinal Bacteria in Vitro Using Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography/quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24882500

To investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of myricitrin, an important active ingredient of traditional herbal medicine, yielded by the isolated human intestinal bacteria, which have not been reported previously.

A Luminescent Mixed-lanthanide-organic Framework Sensor for Decoding Different Volatile Organic Molecules Analytical Chemistry. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24892790

A flexible tripodal polyaromatic acid (4,4',4²-(((2,4,6-trimethylbenzene1,3,5-triyl)-tris(methylene))-tris(oxy))tribenzoic acid, H3TCM) was used to adapt the coordination sites of lanthanide ions for the construction of microporous lanthanide-organic frameworks (LOFs) [LnTCM(H2O)2]·3DMF·H2O (Ln-TCM; Ln = La, Eu, and/or Tb). In these LOFs, the emission band of TCM matches well with the excitation energy of lanthanide ions (Eu(3+) and Tb(3+)) which results in highefficient resonance energy transfer from TCM to lanthanide ions. Moreover, the mixed EuxTb1-x-TCM has tunable pores to adapt different induced-fit-type host-guest interactions which can modulate both the energy transfer efficiency from TCM to Ln(3+) ions and the energy allocation between Eu(3+) and Tb(3+) ions in the luminescence spectra. We demonstrate that the Eu(x)Tb(1-x)-TCM sensor has the capability of decoding different volatile organic molecules (VOMs) with a clearly differentiable and unique emission intensity ratio of (5)D0 Õ (7)F2 (Eu(3+), 614 nm) to (5)D4 Õ (7)F5 (Tb(3+), 545 nm) transitions for every different VOM. Compared with the traditional absolute emission intensity method, such a selfreferencing emission intensity strategy has generated self-calibrating, highly differentiable, and very stable luminescent signals for decoding different VOMs from the unique Eu(x)Tb(1-x)-TCM platform, which has great potential for practical applications.

Associations of Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption with Metabolic Syndrome in a Male Chinese Population: a Cross-sectional Study Journal of Epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24910131

Whether cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. This study investigated the associations of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with MetS in a male population in China.

Preparation of Paraoxonase-1 Liposomes and Studies on Their in Vivo Pharmacokinetics in Rats Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24916001

A liposome formulation of the enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) was prepared for purposes of prolonging and maintaining its activity in vivo. Following purification of PON1 from rabbit serum, liposomes containing PON1 (L-PON1) were prepared using a film-dispersion method with a soybean phospholipid-cholesterol mixture (5 : 1, w/w). The pharmacokinetic behaviour of conventional injectable PON1 and L-PON1 was compared following a single intravenous injection in rats. The enzyme activity of PON1 and its pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on a two-compartment model following conventional injection. The level of PON1 encapsulation in L-PON1 was 86.20 ± 3.12%. The particle size distribution of L-PON1 was a narrow unimodal form, with an average diameter of 126 nm. The results suggest that compared with conventional injectable PON1, LPON1 has an improved half-life and enhanced enzyme activity in rats. In conclusion, PON1 can be encapsulated into a lipid bilayer for enhanced stability.

Polarizing Intestinal Epithelial Cells Electrically Through Ror2 Journal of Cell Science. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24928904

The apicobasal polarity of enterocytes determines where the brush border membrane (apical membrane) will form, but how this apical membrane faces the lumen is not well understood. The electrical signal across the epithelium could serve as a coordinating cue, orienting and polarizing enterocytes. Here, we show that applying a physiological electric field to intestinal epithelial cells, to mimic the natural electric field created by the transepithelial potential difference, polarized phosphorylation of the actin-binding protein ezrin, increased expression of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALPI, a differentiation marker) and remodeled the actin cytoskeleton selectively on the cathode side. In addition, an applied electric field also activated ERK1/2 and LKB1 (also known as STK11), key molecules in apical membrane formation. Disruption of the tyrosine protein kinase transmembrane receptor Ror2 suppressed activation of ERK1/2 and LKB1 significantly, and subsequently inhibited apical membrane formation in enterocytes. Our findings indicate that the endogenous electric field created by the transepithelial potential difference might act as an essential coordinating signal for apical membrane formation at a tissue level, through activation of LKB1 mediated by Ror2-ERK signaling.

Effects of a Gemcitabine Plus Platinum Regimen Combined with a Dendritic Cell-cytokine Induced Killer Immunotherapy on Recurrence and Survival Rate of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24940447

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a gemcitabine plus platinum (GP) regimen combined with dendritic cellcytokine induced killer (DC-CIK) immunotherapy on the recurrence and survival rate in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients (n=157) with stage III NSCLC that had received surgery were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group. The control group was administered with a GP regimen and the observation group received GP chemotherapy that was based on DCCIK cell immunotherapy in addition to SC-CIK cell immunotherapy here. The two groups were followed up for 36 months and their postoperative cellular immune function, disease-free survival time, cumulative recurrence rate and cumulative survival rate was analyzed. The percentages of CD3(+)CD4(+) T lymphocytes, natural killer cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio were identified to be significantly increased following treatment compared with those observed prior to treatment in the control and observation groups; conversely, the CD3(+)CD8(+) T lymphocyte percentage decreased significantly (P

Valproic Acid Protects Septic Mice from Renal Injury by Reducing the Inflammatory Response The Journal of Surgical Research. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24948542

Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has extensive activities against inflammation, oxidation, and malignancy. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of VPA on the systemic inflammatory response and renal injury in septic mice.

CB2 Receptor Activation Ameliorates the Proinflammatory Activity in Acute Lung Injury Induced by Paraquat BioMed Research International. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24963491

Paraquat, a widely used herbicide, is well known to exhibit oxidative stress and lung injury. In the present study, we investigated the possible underlying mechanisms of cannabinoid receptor-2 (CB2) activation to ameliorate the proinflammatory activity induced by PQ in rats. JWH133, a CB2 agonist, was administered by intraperitoneal injection 1 h prior to PQ exposure. After PQ exposure for 4, 8, 24, and 72 h, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected to determine levels of TNF- and IL-1, and the arterial blood samples were collected for detection of PaO2 level. At 72 h after PQ exposure, lung tissues were collected to determine the lung wet-to-dry weight ratios, myeloperoxidase activity, lung histopathology, the protein expression level of CB2, MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and JNK1/2), and NFBp65. After rats were pretreated with JWH133, PQ-induced lung edema and lung histopathological changes were significantly attenuated. PQ-induced TNF- and IL-1 secretion in BALF, increases of PaO2 in arterial blood, and MPO levels in the lung tissue were significantly reduced. JWH133 could efficiently activate CB2, while inhibiting MAPKs and NF-B activation. The results suggested that activating CB2 receptor exerted protective activity against PQ-induced ALI, and it potentially contributed to the suppression of the activation of MAPKs and NF-B pathways.

[Involvement of Toll-like Receptor 4 in Apoptosis of Hippocampal Neurons Through Akt/FoxO3a/Bim Signaling Pathways] Sheng Li Xue Bao : [Acta Physiologica Sinica]. Jun, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24964849

The present study was to investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated Akt/FoxO3a/Bim signaling pathway participated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. The primarily cultured rat hippocampal neurons were treated with LPS, TLR4 antibody+LPS, and LY294002+LPS, respectively. Cell vitality was assayed by CCK-8. Expressions of p-Akt, Akt, p-FoxO3a, FoxO3a, Bim and active-Caspase-3 of each group were detected by Western blot analysis; the mRNA expression of Bim was detected by real-time quantitative PCR; FoxO3a nuclear translocation was detected by fluorescence microscope. The rate of cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry. The results showed that cell vitality of hippocampal neurons decreased after being treated with LPS in a time-dependent way. Compared with the control group, the expressions of p-Akt and pFoxO3a decreased significantly, FoxO3a translocated into the nucleus, meanwhile, the expression of Bim and active-Caspase-3, and the apoptotic ratio of hippocampal neurons increased in LPS treated neurons. Pretreatment with TLR4 antibody significantly blocked, while PI3K antagonist LY294002 further strengthened these changes induced by LPS. In conclusion, the present study suggests that Akt/FoxO3a/Bim signaling pathways mediated by TLR4 participate in the apoptotic processes of primarily cultured hippocampal neurons treated with LPS, and the activation of TLR4 causes neuronal apoptosis.

Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Acts on Retinal Microglia/macrophage Activation in a Rat Model of Ocular Inflammation Molecular Vision. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24966662

To evaluate whether anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) neutralizing antibodies injected in the vitreous of rat eyes influence retinal microglia and macrophage activation. To dissociate the effect of anti-VEGF on microglia and macrophages subsequent to its antiangiogenic effect, we chose a model of acute intraocular inflammation.

Expression of SATB1 Promotes the Growth and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24971456

Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) has been identified as a genome organizer that reprograms chromatin organization and transcription profiles. SATB1 promotes tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer and is associated with poor prognosis in several cancer types. The association between SATB1 and colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been studied intensively. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of SATB1 on CRC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo and its correlation with overall survival and clinicopathological factors in CRC patients. Stable SATB1 knockdown and SATB1-overexpressing cell lines were established. SATB1 knockdown decreased cell growth, colony formation, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis in CRC cells in vitro (p

MiR-20a Contributes to Endometriosis by Regulating NTN4 Expression Molecular Biology Reports. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24972566

Endometriosis is a chronic disease that affects roughly 5-15 % of women of reproductive age. The pathophysiology of the disease occurrence and progression is unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that have important regulatory function. It has been postulated that abnormal expression of miRNA is associated with ovarian endometriosis. Forty patients with ovarian endometriosis and 20 controls with benign ovarian tumor were included to examine the expression level of miR-20a. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed to detect the expression level of miR-20a. The target genes and pathways involved in aberrantly expressed miR-20a were identified by computational algorithms. Furthermore, selected target genes expression level were analyzed by qPCR. Significantly increased miR-20a expression level was observed in patients with ovarian endometriosis as compared with controls. Further stratified analysis showed that the increased expression level of miR-20a was only associated with advanced endometriosis (stage III-IV), but not mild endometriosis (stage I-II). The cell cycle was identified to be one of the most relevant pathways in the pathogenesis of endometriosis conducted by miR-20a. The expression level of target gene NTN4 (netrin-4) was significantly decreased in patients with ovarian endometriosis. The results of this study suggest that increased expression of miR-20a may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis by suppressing NTN4.

Comparative Metabolites in Plasma and Urine of Normal and Type 2 Diabetic Rats After Oral Administration of the Traditional Chinese Scutellaria-coptis Herb Couple by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24976485

Scutellaria-coptis herb couple is widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating type 2 diabetes; however, the in vivo integrated metabolism of its main bioactive components in type 2 diabetic rats remains unknown. In this paper, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) and the MetaboLynx™ software combined with mass defect filtering (MDF) together provided unique high throughput capabilities for drug metabolism study with excellent MS mass accuracy and enhanced MS(E) data acquisition. This rapid automated analysis method was successfully applied for screening and identification of the absorbed and metabolized constituents after oral administration of scutellariacoptis extract to rats. The results showed that a total of 14 metabolites of two parent compounds were detected and tentatively identified in vivo based on the characteristics of their protonated ions. Main parent components of scutellaria-coptis extract such as baicalin and berberine were absorbed into the blood circulation of the rats. Differences of metabolite classes were not observed between normal and type 2 diabetic rat plasma and urine samples. However, the concentrations of baicalin and methylated berberine in type 2 diabetic rat plasma were much higher than those in normal sample. While, the concentrations of these two compounds in type 2 diabetic rat urine were remarkably lower than those in normal sample. This helped maintain a high blood drug concentration which might be beneficial for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Additionally, the developed method was simple and reliable, revealing that it could be used to rapid screen and propose the structures of active components responsible for pharmacological effects of scutellaria-coptis and to better clarify its action mechanism. This work suggests that the integrative metabolism approach makes a useful template for drug metabolism research of TCMs.

Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in the General Population General Hospital Psychiatry. Sep-Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25023953

Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses. The reliability and the validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, a depression screening tool, have not been examined in the general population in China. Thus, this study evaluated the reliability and the validity of the Chinese version of the PHQ-9 in detecting major depression in residents of a Chinese community.

Reproducible Combinatorial Regulatory Networks Elucidate Novel Oncogenic MicroRNAs in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer RNA (New York, N.Y.). Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25024357

While previous studies reported aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), little is known about which miRNAs play central roles in NSCLC's pathogenesis and its regulatory mechanisms. To address this issue, we presented a robust computational framework that integrated matched miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in NSCLC using feed-forward loops. The network consists of miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs), and their common predicted target genes. To discern the biological meaning of their associations, we introduced the direction of regulation. A network edge validation strategy using three independent NSCLC expression profiling data sets pinpointed reproducible biological regulations. Reproducible regulation, which may reflect the true molecular interaction, has not been applied to miRNA-TF co-regulatory network analyses in cancer or other diseases yet. We revealed eight hub miRNAs that connected to a higher proportion of targets validated by independent data sets. Network analyses showed that these miRNAs might have strong oncogenic characteristics. Furthermore, we identified a novel miRNA-TF co-regulatory module that potentially suppresses the tumor suppressor activity of the TGF- pathway by targeting a core pathway molecule (TGFBR2). Follow-up experiments showed two miRNAs (miR-9-5p and miR-130b-3p) in this module had increased expression while their target gene TGFBR2 had decreased expression in a cohort of human NSCLC. Moreover, we demonstrated these two miRNAs directly bind to the 3' untranslated region of TGFBR2. This study enhanced our understanding of miRNA-TF coregulatory mechanisms in NSCLC. The combined bioinformatics and validation approach we described can be applied to study other types of diseases.

Health Management in China International Journal of Cardiology. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25043212

Trends in Abdominal Obesity Among U.S. Children and Adolescents Pediatrics. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25049347

Previous studies showed that prevalence of abdominal obesity among US children and adolescents increased significantly between 19881994 and 2003-2004. However, little is known about recent time trends in abdominal obesity since 2003-2004.This study was to provide recent updated national estimates of childhood abdominal obesity and examine the trends in childhood abdominal obesity from 2003 to 2012.

NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates Albumininduced Renal Tubular Injury Through Impaired Mitochondrial Function The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25059664

Proteinuria serves as a direct causative factor of renal tubular cell injury and is highly associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease via uncertain mechanisms. Recently, evidence demonstrated that both NLRP3 inflammasome and mitochondria are involved in the chronic kidney disease progression. The present study was undertaken to examine the role of NLRP3 inflammasome/mitochondria axis in albumin-induced renal tubular injury. In patients with proteinuria, NLRP3 was significantly up-regulated in tubular epithelial cells and was positively correlated with the severity of proteinuria. In agreement with these results, albumin remarkably activated NLRP3 inflammasome in both in vitro renal tubular cells and in vivo kidneys in parallel with significant epithelial cell phenotypic alteration and cell apoptosis. Genetic disruption of NLRP3 inflammasome remarkably attenuated albumin-induced cell apoptosis and phenotypic changes under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In addition, albumin treatment resulted in a significant mitochondrial abnormality as evidenced by the impaired function and morphology, which was markedly reversed by invalidation of NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway. Interestingly, protection of mitochondria function by Mn(III)tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP) or cyclosporin A (CsA) robustly attenuated albumin-induced injury in mouse proximal tubular cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrated a pathogenic role of NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase-1/mitochondria axis in mediating albumin-induced renal tubular injury. The discovery of this novel axis provides some potential targets for the treatment of proteinuria-associated renal injury.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Saponins by Enhancing the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in STZ-inducing Diabetic Rats Archives of Pharmacal Research. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25066072

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is a natural plant resources for diabetes therapy, however, there is little research on the mechanisms of GP. The present study was undertaken to characterize if G. pentaphyllum saponins (GPs) is the principal active compound of GP responsible for anti-diabetes, and to examine the relativity between blood glucose modulate and antioxidation. The GPs-treated streptozotocin diabetic rats had a more effective hypoglycemic status than those of diabetic control rats, which also ameliorate dyslipidemia. GPs has increased SOD and GSH-px activities, and the spleen and thymus indexes in diabetic rats. The insulin levels in the GPs-treated groups were significantly higher than diabetic control group. Our finding provides a new insight into the application of GPs for the treatment of oxidative stress related diseases.

[Influence of Different Skin Reactions of Acupoint-application on Clinical Outcomes in the Prevention and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma] Zhen Ci Yan Jiu = Acupuncture Research / [Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Yi Xue Qing Bao Yan Jiu Suo Bian Ji]. Jun, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25069200

To observe the influence of different skin reactions of acupointapplication in summer on outcomes of prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma.

Use Trajectories of Amphetamine-type Stimulants (ATS) in Shanghai, China Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25081602

Although amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use is an important issue that has caused growing concerns in China as well as other countries, the knowledge of long-term patterns of ATS use in China is limited. This study explored long-term patterns of ATS use in Shanghai, China, and compared the differences by ATS use trajectory groups, seeking to identify risk factors that have implications for the development of targeted intervention programs.

Polyethyleneglycol Diacrylate Microspheres: a Novel Carrier for Laccase Immobilisation Journal of Microencapsulation. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25090598

Abstract Laccase was immobilised on polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA) microspheres. The optimal preparation conditions of PEGDA microspheres were as follows: 3.0% (w/v) 2,2-azobisisobutyro-nitrite (AIBN), 4.0-5.0% (w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 5.0-8.0% (w/v) glucose and 4.0% (w/v) PEGDA in glucose solution. The volume ratio of PEGDA solution, glucose/PVP solution and AIBN solution was 25: 100: 1. Microspheres obtained exhibited good characteristics with small sizes (1-4µm). The immobilised laccase showed a higher stability in a wide pH range. Thermal stability and storage stability of immobilised laccase were enhanced. The activity of immobilised laccase was 45.0% after six cycles uses. Only 62.7% of the activity remained for free laccase while there was a 60.4% increased for immobilised laccase with storage at 4°C for 25d. The Km value of laccase increased from 21.9 to 114.0µmol/l after immobilisation.

Retinal Ischemia/reperfusion Injury is Mediated by Toll-like Receptor 4 Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasomes Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25097240

Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) is common in eye disorders. Patternrecognition receptors (PRRs) are reported to initiate sterile inflammatory response. The role of PRRs in retinal IR injury is currently unknown. Thus, we investigated the expression and function of membrane and cytoplasmic PRRs during retinal IR.

Determination of the Enantiomeric and Diastereomeric Impurities of RS-glycopyrrolate by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Sulfated-cyclodextrin As Chiral Selectors Electrophoresis. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25104517

A practical chiral CE method, using sulfated--CD as chiral selector, was developed for the enantioseparation of glycopyrrolate containing two chiral centers. Several parameters affecting the separation were studied, including the nature and concentration of the chiral selectors, BGE pH, buffer type and concentration, separation voltage, and temperature. The separation was carried out in an uncoated fusedsilica capillary of (effective length 40 cm) × 50 µm id with a separation voltage of 20 kV using 30 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0, adjusted with 1 M sodium hydroxide) containing 2.0% w/v sulfated-CD at 25°C. Finally, the method for determining the enantiomeric impurities of RS-glycopyrrolate was proposed. The method was further validated with respect to its specificity, linearity range, accuracy and precision, LODs, and quantification in the expected range of occurrence for the isomeric impurities (0.1%).

Genotoxicity of Tri- and Hexavalent Chromium Compounds in Vivo and Their Modes of Action on DNA Damage in Vitro PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25111056

Chromium occurs mostly in tri- and hexavalent states in the environment. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds are extensively used in diverse industries, and trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] salts are used as micronutrients and dietary supplements. In the present work, we report that they both induce genetic mutations in yeast cells. They both also cause DNA damage in both yeast and Jurkat cells and the effect of Cr(III) is greater than that of Cr(VI). We further show that Cr(III) and Cr(VI) cause DNA damage through different mechanisms. Cr(VI) intercalates DNA and Cr(III) interferes base pair stacking. Based on our results, we conclude that Cr(III) can directly cause genotoxicity in vivo.

The Metabolism and Growth of Web Forums PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25115897

We view web forums as virtual living organisms feeding on user's clicks and investigate how they grow at the expense of clickstreams. We find that PV(t) (the number of page views in a given time period) and UV(t) (the number of unique visitors in the time period) of the studied forums satisfy the law of the allometric growth, i.e., PV(t) ~ UV(t)((). We construct clickstream networks and explain the observed temporal dynamics of networks by the interactions between nodes. We describe the transportation of clickstreams using the function D(i) ~ T(i) (), in which T(i) is the total amount of clickstreams passing through node i and D(i) is the amount of the clickstreams dissipated from i to the environment. It turns out that , an indicator for the efficiency of network dissipation, not only negatively correlates with , but also sets the bounds for . In particular, 1/ > when 0 < < 1 and 1/ < when > 1. Our findings have practical consequences. For example, can be used as a measure of the "stickiness" of forums, which quantifies the stable ability of forums to remain users "lock-in" on the forum. Meanwhile, the correlation between and provides a method to predict the long-term "stickiness" of forums from the clickstream data in a short time period. Finally, we discuss a random walk model that replicates both of the allometric growth PV(t) ~ UV(t)() and the dissipation function D(i) ~ T()(i).

Placental Growth Factor Expression is Reversed by Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy Under Hypoxic Conditions World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25124978

Clinical trials have revealed that the antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies are effective in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). But the low level of VEGF was necessary as a survival signal in healthy conditions, and endogenous placental growth factor (PIGF) is redundant for development. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the PIGF expression under hypoxia as well as the influence of anti-VEGF therapy on PIGF.

Comparison of Chinese and International Psychiatrists' Views on Classification of Mental Disorders Asia-Pacific Psychiatry : Official Journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25139538

This study aimed to explore the views and attitudes of Chinese psychiatrists on mental disorders classification, and to compare their similarities and differences with those of the international mental health professionals.

Nut Consumption Decreases Risk of Some Diseases The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25142887

Prevalence Analysis of Different Human Bocavirus Genotypes in Pediatric Patients Revealed Intra-genotype Recombination Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25173084

Human bocavirus (HBoV) genotypes 1-4 have been detected worldwide in respiratory samples and stool samples, and are increasingly associated with respiratory and intestinal infections of previously unknown etiology in young children. Several studies revealed evidence of extensive recombination among HBoV genotypes at the NP1 and VP1 gene boundary region. This study explored the prevalence of HBoV genotypes in pediatric patients in Beijing, and studied their phylogeny.

Role of Biphasic Changes in Splenic Dendritic Cell Activity in a Mouse Model of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25197343

To analyze the changes in splenic dendritic cell (DC) activity and serum cytokine levels during the progression of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). A C57BL/6 mouse model of MODS was established by intraperitoneal injection of zymosan. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to detect expression of I-A(b) (MHC-II molecules of mice) as well as costimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules in spleen and DC surface. The levels of various cytokines in serum and spleen tissue were analyzed 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 5 d and 12 d after injury. Death occurred at 24-48 h and 10-12 d after injury. The expression of I-A(b) and CD86 in spleen tissue and on DCs increased 6-12 h after injury, followed by gradual reduction and at 12 d. The inhibitory molecule, PD-L1, was expressed on normal DCs, but expression of PD-1 was undetectable. PD-L1 and PD-1 expression increased and remained high at 5 d and 12 d after injury. In addition, TNF and IL-1 levels increased 6-12 h after injury; HMGB1 and IL-10 levels increased 24 h and 5 d after injury, respectively. In contrast, IL-2 and IL-12 decreased with disease progression. At 12 d after injury, proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels remained high, while IL-2 and IL-12 were significantly reduced. IL-10 and IL-12 changes in spleen were consistent with those in serum. MODS progression was characterized by changes in splenic DC activity as well as altered serum pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokine levels, suggesting early immune activation and predominant immune tolerance at the late stage.

Circulating MicroRNA 483-5p As a Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis Survival Prediction in Multiple Myeloma Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England). Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25216866

Dysregulation of miRNA expression plays an important role in cancer development, and circulating miRNAs are biomarkers of several cancers. We explored whether the miRNAs in plasma could be useful clinical biomarkers for multiple myeloma. miRNA microarray was conducted to identify elevation of four miRNAs and reduced levels of eight miRNAs in the plasma of nine multiple myeloma patients and seven healthy controls. Increased miR-483-5p levels and decreased miR-20a were further validated in the plasma of 40 myeloma patients and 20 healthy controls using TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that miR483-5p and miR-20a had considerable diagnostic accuracy, yielding the areas under the ROC curve of 0.745 (sensitivity 58%, specificity 90%) and 0.74 (sensitivity 63%, specificity 85%), respectively. Plasma levels of miR-483-5p were associated with ISS staging. Within 14 months of diagnosis, the median progression-free survival of patients with high levels of plasma miR-483-5p was 15 months, in comparison with 21 months for patients with low levels of plasma miR-483-5p (p=0.025). However, miR-20a levels were not correlated with progression-free survival (p>0.05). miR-483-5p has the potential to be a predictor of myeloma survival.

A Reagentless Electrochemiluminescent Immunosensor for Apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 Detection Based on the New Ru(bpy)3(2+)/bi-arginine System Analytica Chimica Acta. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25220139

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE-1), a kind of multifunctional protein widely-distributed in the body, plays an essential role in the DNA base excision repair and serves as multiple possible roles in the response of human cancer to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this work, an ultrasensitive solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor is designed to determine APE-1 based on the new Ru(bpy)3(2+)/bi-arginine system. The bi-arginine (bi-Arg) is decorated on the Au nanoparticles functionalized magnetic Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide (biArg/Au@Fe3O4-rGO) according to the self-assembling and covalent cross-linking interaction to obtain the functionalized nanocomposite of bi-Arg/Au@Fe3O4-rGO. Herein, the bi-Arg/Au@Fe3O4-rGO plays not only an amplification label to enhance the ECL signal of Ru(bpy)3(2+) due to the coreactant of bi-Arg but also an ideal nanocarrier to load numerous secondary antibody. Based on sandwich-type immunoassay format, this proposed method offers a linear range of 1.0fgmL(-1)-5.0pgmL(-1) and an estimated detection limit of 0.3fgmL(-1) for the APE-1. Moreover, the reagentless ECL immunosensor also exhibits high sensitivity, excellent selectivity and good stability, which has greatly potential development and application in clinical diagnostics, immunology and biomedical research.

A Risk Evaluation Model of Cervical Cancer Based on Etiology and Human Leukocyte Antigen Allele Susceptibility International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25223804

There are no reliable risk factors to accurately predict progression to cervical cancer in patients with chronic cervicitis infected with human papillomavirus (HPV). The aim of this study was to create a validated predictive model based on the risk factors for cervical cancer. A model to estimate the risk of cervical cancer may help select patients for intervention therapy in order to reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer after HPV infection.

ElectroTaxis-on-a-Chip (ETC): an Integrated Quantitative High-throughput Screening Platform for Electrical Field-directed Cell Migration Lab on a Chip. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25242672

Both endogenous and externally applied electrical stimulation can affect a wide range of cellular functions, including growth, migration, differentiation and division. Among those effects, the electrical field (EF)-directed cell migration, also known as electrotaxis, has received broad attention because it holds great potential in facilitating clinical wound healing. Electrotaxis experiment is conventionally conducted in centimetre-sized flow chambers built in Petri dishes. Despite the recent efforts to adapt microfluidics for electrotaxis studies, the current electrotaxis experimental setup is still cumbersome due to the needs of an external power supply and EF controlling/monitoring systems. There is also a lack of parallel experimental systems for highthroughput electrotaxis studies. In this paper, we present a first independently operable microfluidic platform for high-throughput electrotaxis studies, integrating all functional components for cell migration under EF stimulation (except microscopy) on a compact footprint (the same as a credit card), referred to as ElectroTaxis-on-aChip (ETC). Inspired by the R-2R resistor ladder topology in digital signal processing, we develop a systematic approach to design an infinitely expandable microfluidic generator of EF gradients for highthroughput and quantitative studies of EF-directed cell migration. Furthermore, a vacuum-assisted assembly method is utilized to allow direct and reversible attachment of our device to existing cell culture media on biological surfaces, which separates the cell culture and device preparation/fabrication steps. We have demonstrated that our ETC platform is capable of screening human cornea epithelial cell migration under the stimulation of an EF gradient spanning over three orders of magnitude. The screening results lead to the identification of the EF-sensitive range of that cell type, which can provide valuable guidance to the clinical application of EF-facilitated wound healing.

[Modified Bortezomib-based Combination Therapy for Multiple Myeloma] Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi. Sep, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25246260

Influence of Water Content in Mixed Solvent on Surface Morphology, Wettability, and Photoconductivity of ZnO Thin Films Nanoscale Research Letters. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25249823

ZnO thin films have been synthesized by means of a simple hydrothermal method with different solvents. The effect of deionized water content in the mixed solvents on the surface morphology, crystal structure, and optical property has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A large number of compact and well-aligned hexagonal ZnO nanorods and the maximal texture coefficient have been observed in the thin film, which is grown in the mixed solvent with x=40%. A lot of sparse, diagonal, and pointed nanorods can be seen in the ZnO thin film, which is grown in the 40-mL DI water solution. The optical band gap decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of x. Reversible wettability of ZnO thin films were studied by home-made water contact angle apparatus. Reversible transition between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity may be attributed to the change of surface chemical composition, surface roughness and the proportion of nonpolar planes on the surface of ZnO thin films. Photocurrent response of ZnO thin films grown at different solvents were measured in air. The response duration of the thin film, which is grown in the solvent with x=40%, exhibits a fast growth in the beginning but cannot approach the saturate current value within 100 s. The theoretical mechanism for the slower growth or decay duration of the photocurrent has been discussed in detail.

Highly Enantioselective Phosphination and Hydrophosphonylation of Azomethine Imines: Using Chiral Squaramide As a Hydrogen Bonding Organocatalyst Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25252601

Enantioselective phosphination and hydrophosphonylation reactions between azomethine imines and diarylphosphine oxides or dialkyl phosphites were respectively developed by the use of a chiral squaramide as the hydrogen bonding organocatalyst, which afforded two types of phosphorus containing product in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities.

Impaired Processing Speed and Attention in First-episode Drug Naive Schizophrenia with Deficit Syndrome Schizophrenia Research. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25261044

Although first-episode drug naive patients with schizophrenia are known to show cognitive impairment, the cognitive performances of these patients, who suffer deficit syndrome, compared with those who suffer non-deficit syndrome is undetermined. The aim of this study was to compare cognitive performances in first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia with deficit syndrome or non-deficit syndrome. Firstepisode drug naive patients (n=49) and medicated patients (n=108) with schizophrenia, and age, sex, and education matched healthy controls (n=57 for the first-episode group, and n=128 for the medicated group) were enrolled. Patients were divided into deficit or non-deficit syndrome groups, using the Schedule for Deficit Syndrome. Cognitive performance was assessed using the CogState computerized cognitive battery. All cognitive domains in first-episode drug naive and medicated patients showed significant impairment compared with their respective control groups. Furthermore, cognitive performance in firstepisode drug naive patients was significantly worse than in medicated patients. Interestingly, the cognitive performance markers of processing speed and attention, in first-episode drug naive patients with deficit syndrome, were both significantly worse than in equivalent patients without deficit syndrome. In contrast, no differences in cognitive performance were found between the two groups of medicated patients. In conclusion, this study found that first-episode drug naive schizophrenia with deficit syndrome showed significantly impaired processing speed and attention, compared with patients with non-deficit syndrome. These findings highlight processing speed and attention as potential targets for pharmacological and psychosocial interventions in first-episode schizophrenia with deficit syndrome, since these domains are associated with social outcomes.

[Progress on Association Between COMT Gene and Violence Behavior in Patients with Schizophrenia] Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi. Jun, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25272876

The prevalence of violence behavior in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in common population. Data suggest that genetic factors may play a substantial role for the etiology of the behavior. Among the particular gene polymorphisms that have been considered to be involved in violence behavior, the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene had been the focus of recent research. This article reviews the association research between COMT gene and violence behavior in patients with schizophrenia in several aspects: SNP polymorphism of COMT Val158Met and COMT Ala72Ser, haplotype of COMT gene and DNA methylation of promoter region of COMT gene. The genetic research direction is presented for patients with schizophrenia.

Neuropeptides Encoded by the Genomes of the Akoya Pearl Oyster Pinctata Fucata and Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas: a Bioinformatic and Peptidomic Survey BMC Genomics. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25277059

Oysters impart significant socio-ecological benefits from primary production of food supply, to estuarine ecosystems via reduction of water column nutrients, plankton and seston biomass. Little though is known at the molecular level of what genes are responsible for how oysters reproduce, filter nutrients, survive stressful physiological events and form reef communities. Neuropeptides represent a diverse class of chemical messengers, instrumental in orchestrating these complex physiological events in other species.

A BHLH Transcription Factor Regulates Iron Intake Under Fe Deficiency in Chrysanthemum Scientific Reports. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25341738

Iron (Fe) deficiency can represent a serious constraint on crop growth and productivity. A number of members of the bHLH transcription factor family are known to be involved in the plant Fe deficiency response. Plants have evolved two distinct uptake strategies when challenged by Fe deficiency: dicotyledonous and non-graminaceous species rely mostly on a reduction strategy regulated by bHLH transcription factors, whereas rice relies on a chelation strategy, also regulated by bHLH transcription factors. CmbHLH1, a bHLH transcription factor which is localized within the nucleus, was isolated from chrysanthemum. Its transcription was up-regulated both by Fe deficiency and by the exogenous application of abscisic acid. The roots of transgenic chrysanthemum plants in which CmbHLH1 was up-regulated were better able than those of the wild type chrysanthemum cultivar to acidify their immediate external environment by enhancing the transcription of the H(+)-ATPase encoding gene CmHA. However, there was no effect of the transgene on the efficiency of uptake of either manganese or zinc. Here, Chrysanthemum CmbHLH1 contributed to Fe uptake via H(+)-ATPase mediated acidification of the rhizosphere. ABA may be positively involved in the process.

Semaphorin 3A Blocks the Formation of Pathologic Choroidal Neovascularization Induced by Transforming Growth Factor Beta Molecular Vision. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25352735

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of vision loss in retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Previously, we demonstrated that semaphorin3A (Sema3A), which is a chemorepellent guidance molecule, inhibited the formation of retina neovascularization. In the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenic effects of Sema3A on transforming growth factor beta (TGF-) in vitro and in vivo.

Anti-angiogenic Effects of a Mutant Endostatin: a New Prospect for Treating Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25380141

Pathological fundus angiogenesis is a major cause of vision loss in retina diseases. Endostatin, a C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII, is an endogenous anti-angiogenic protein. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-angiogenic properties of two proteins: an N-terminal H1D/H3D mutant endostatin (M-ES) and a polyethylene glycol propionaldehyde (PEG) covalent M-ES (PEG-MES).

Determination of Metabolites of Diosmetin-7-Oglucoside by a Newly Isolated Escherichia Coli from Human Gut Using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25382172

Different human intestinal bacteria were isolated and screened for their ability to transform diosmetin-7-O-glucoside. A Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, strain 4, capable of metabolizing diosmetin-7-Oglucoside was newly isolated. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence displayed 99% similarity with that of Escherichia. Then strain 4 was identified as a species of the genus Escherichia and was named Escherichia sp. 4. Additionally, an ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupoletime-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) technique combined with Metabolynx software method was established to screen the metabolites of diosmetin-7-O-glucoside. Comparing the retention time and MS/MS spectrum, three metabolites were detected and tentatively identified. These metabolites were acquired by four proposed metabolic pathways including dehydroxylation, deglycosylation, methylation, and acetylation. Diosmetin-7-Oglucoside was mainly bioconverted to considerable amounts of diosmetin and minor amounts of acacetin by the majority of the isolated intestinal bacteria such as Escherichia sp. 4. Subsequently, several strains could degrade acacetin to produce methylated and acetylated acacetin. The metabolites and metabolic pathways of diosmetin-7-Oglucoside by human intestinal bacterium Escherichia sp. 4 were first investigated.

Treatment Adherence and Health Outcomes in MSM with HIV/AIDS: Patients Enrolled in "onestop" and Standard Care Clinics in Wuhan China PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25438039

Conducted in Wuhan China, this study examined follow-up and health markers in HIV patients receiving care in two treatment settings. Participants, all men who have sex with men, were followed for 18-24 months.

Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antiinflammatory Activities of the Essential Oil from Maqian (Zanthoxylum Myriacanthum Var. Pubescens) in Xishuangbanna, SW China Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25448503

Maqian (Zanthoxylum myriacanthum var. pubescens Huang) is widely consumed as an indigenous remedy for digestive disorders, detoxification, detumescence and analgesia by the ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna, SW China. A related species, Huajiao (Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.), has similar uses in traditional Chinese medicine. We aimed to scientifically validate the traditional uses by investigating and comparing the chemical composition, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils of Maqian and Huajiao.

TRPM7 is Required for Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth, Migration and Invasion Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25450691

Our previous study demonstrated that the melastatin-related transient receptor potential channel 7 (TRPM7) was highly expressed in ovarian carcinomas and its overexpression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. However, the function of TRPM7 in ovarian cancer is mostly unknown. In this study, we examined the roles of TRPM7 in ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We found that short hairpin RNA interferencemediated silence of TRPM7 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines. Mechanistic investigation revealed that silence of TRPM7 decreased phosphorylation levels of Akt, Src and p38 and increased filamentous actin and focal adhesion number in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, our results suggest that TRPM7 is required for proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through regulating multiple signaling transduction pathways and the formation of focal adhesions.

The Efficacy of Trimetazidine on Stable Angina Pectoris: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials International Journal of Cardiology. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25466565

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of trimetazidine in combination with other anti-anginal drugs versus other anti-anginal drugs in the treatment of stable angina pectoris (SAP). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English and Chinese were retrieved from computerized databases: Embase, PubMed, and CNKI. Primary outcomes consist of clinical parameters (numbers of weekly angina attacks and nitroglycerin use) and ergometric parameters (time to 1mm ST-segment depression, and total work (in Mets) and exercise duration (in seconds) at peak exercise) in stable angina pectoris treated by trimetazidine or not. The quality of studies was evaluated using Jadad score. Data analysis of 13 studies was performed using Stata 12.0 software. Results showed that treatment of trimetazidine and other anti-anginal drugs was associated with a smaller weekly mean number of angina attacks (WMD=-0.95, 95%CI: -1.30 to -0.61, Z=5.39, P

Diterpenes from a Chinese Collection of the Brown Alga Dictyota Plectens Journal of Natural Products. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25495797

Twenty-seven diterpenes of six chemical classes, including seven new diterpenes (1, 2, 6, 10, 11, 16, and 19), have been isolated from a collection of the brown alga Dictyota plectens from the South China Sea. The structures of the new diterpenes were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with reported data. In the in vitro assays, 9, 12, 14, 16, and 22 showed inhibitory activity against HIV-1 replication with IC50 values of 16.1-30.5 µM, compounds 5, 13, 24, and 26 exhibited anti-H5N1 activity with inhibition rates of 50%-62% at 30.0 µM, and 12 and 24 also showed potent inhibition against LPS-induced NO production with inhibition rates of 90% and 86%, respectively, at 10.0 µM.

Identification of Differentially-expressed Genes in Intestinal Gastric Cancer by Microarray Analysis Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25500430

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent malignant tumors. In order to systematically characterize the cellular and molecular mechanisms of intestinal GC development, in this study, we used 22K oligonucleotide microarrays and bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the gene expression profiles of GC in 45 tissue samples, including 20 intestinal GC tissue samples, 20 normal appearing tissues (NATs) adjacent to tumors and 5 noncancerous gastric mucosa tissue samples. These profiles allowed us to explore the transcriptional characteristics of GC and determine the change patterns in gene expression that may be of clinical significance. 1519 and 1255 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in intestinal GC tissues and NATs, respectively, as determined by Bayesian analysis (P

The Predictive Value of the Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale (BASIS) in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Among Chinese Population PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25531102

Evaluate the predictive value of Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale (BASIS) in acute ischemic stroke in Chinese population.

Investigation on Reference Intervals and Regional Differences of Platelet Indices in Healthy Chinese Han Adults Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 24390860

Reference intervals are important for interpretation of clinical laboratory tests. The platelet (PLT) indices such as the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are newer hematological parameters, which have been recently reported as clinically valuable biomarkers. However, there are not many studies that have estimated the reference intervals for these parameters in healthy Chinese Han adults.

Biogenic Magnetic Nanoparticles from Burkholderia Sp. YN01 Exhibiting Intrinsic Peroxidase-like Activity and Their Applications Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25030455

A novel bacterial strain containing biogenic magnetic nanoparticles (BMNPs) was isolated from the sediments of Songhua River in Harbin, China, and was identified as Burkholderia sp. YN01. Extracted BMNPs from YN01 were characterized as pure face-centered cubic Fe3O4 with an average size of 80 nm through transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The hysteresis parameters of the BMNP samples such as Bc and Bcr and ratios Mrs/Ms were deduced as 35.6 mT, 43.2 mT, and 0.47, respectively, indicating that the BMNPs exhibit a ferromagnetic behavior. This is the first report concerning on biogenic Fe3O4 NPs produced in Burkholderia genus. Significantly, the BMNPs were proved to possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity that could catalyze the oxidation of peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. Kinetic analysis indicates that the catalytic behavior is in accord with typical MichaelisMenten kinetics and follows ping-pong mechanism. The catalytic constants (K cat) were 6.5×10(4) s(-1) and 0.78×10(4) s(-1) with H2O2 and TMB as substrate, respectively, which was higher than that of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy experiments showed that the BMNPs could catalyze H2O2 to produce hydroxyl radicals. The origin of peroxidase-like activity is also associated with their ability to transfer electron between electrode and H2O2 according to an electrochemical study. As a novel peroxidase mimetic, the BMNPs were employed to offer a simple, sensitive, and selective colorimetric method for H2O2 and glucose determination, and the BMNPs could efficiently catalyze the degradation of phenol and Congo red dye.

Association of HLA-DP/DQ, STAT4 and IL-28B Variants with HBV Viral Clearance in Tibetans and Uygurs in China Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25041342

Several genome-wide association studies have revealed that HLADP/DQ, STAT4 and IL-28B associated with liver diseases. But because of population heterogeneity, different races would have different causative polymorphisms. Therefore, in this study, we included Chinese Tibetans and Uygurs to examine the roles of these genes on HBV natural clearance.

Highly Efficient Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Quenching of PEI Enhanced Ru(bpy)² Nanocomposite by Hemin and Au@CeO Nanoparticles Biosensors & Bioelectronics. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25128620

In this work, a new signal amplified strategy based on the quenching effect of hemin and Au nanoparticles decorated CeO2 nanoparticles (Au@CeO2 NPs) for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin (TB) is reported for the first time. Herein, the poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) enhanced Ru(bpy)3(2+) nanocomposite was implemented by direct chemical polymerization, which could provide the desirable enhanced initial ECL signal. Furthermore, the detection aptamer of thrombin (TBA 2) was immobilized on Au@CeO2 NPs to form TBA 2/Au@CeO2 conjugates. Then, the G-rich DNA of TBA 2 sequence could fold into a G-quadruplex structure to embed hemin to obtain the quenching probe of hemin/TBA 2/Au@CeO2 conjugates. In the presence of target TB, the sandwiched structure could be formed between capture aptamer (TBA 1), TB and hemin/TBA 2/Au@CeO2 conjugates, thereby resulting in a proportional quenching in ECL response with TB, due to the quenching of both hemin and Au@CeO2 NPs. As a result, the signal-off aptasensor showed a wider linear range response from 10(-13) to 10(-8) M with lower detection limit of 0.03 pM.

Size-dependent Nonlinear Optical Properties of Atomically Thin Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany). Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25236419

Size-dependent nonlinear optical properties of modification-free transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets are reported, including MoS2 , WS2 , and NbSe2 . Firstly, a gradient centrifugation method is demonstrated to separate the TMD nanosheets into different sizes. The successful size separation allows the study of sizedependent nonlinear optical properties of nanoscale TMD materials for the first time. Z-scan measurements indicate that the dispersion of MoS2 and WS2 nanosheets that are 50-60 nm thick leads to reverse saturable absorption (RSA), which is in contrast to the saturable absorption (SA) seen in the thicker samples. Moreover, the NbSe2 nanosheets show no size-dependent effects because of their metallic nature. The mechanism behind the size-dependent nonlinear optical properties of the semiconductive TMD nanosheets is revealed by transient transmission spectra measurements.

Downregulation of 425G>a Variant of Calciumbinding Protein S100A14 Associated with Poor Differentiation and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25266115

Altered level of S100 calcium-binding proteins is involved in tumor development and progression. However, their role in gastric cancer (GC) is not well documented. We investigated the expression pattern of S100 proteins and differentiation or prognosis as well as possible mechanisms in GC.

Correlation of IL-1F Genetic Polymorphisms with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Among Chinese Populations Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine. Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25296730

Inflammatory/immune cells have the power of infiltrating almost all human solid tumors and influencing all stages of carcinogenesis because of their stimulation of various cytokine subsets. This study aims to determine the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL-17F gene and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). One thousand patients diagnosed with CRC and a control group of 354 healthy controls were involved. Peripheral blood samples were collected. The PCR-RFLP method was used to detect the 7383A>G (rs2397084) and 7488T>C (rs763780) in the IL-17F gene. Statistical analyses were conducted with version 12.0 STATA statistical software. We found that the allele model suggested that patients carrying C allele were 1.67 times more likely to develop CRC than healthy controls (odds ratio (OR)=1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.222.27, P=0.001). Similarly, the homozygous and dominant models also revealed that the minor IL-17F 7488C allele conferred an increased CRC risk compared to the major T allele among our study participants (CC vs. TT: OR=4.15, 95% CI=1.26-13.36, P=0.011; TC+CC vs. TT: OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.04-2.05, P=0.027). However, all genetic models indicated that the IL-17F 7383A>G (rs2397084) polymorphism was not associated with CRC risk (all P>0.05). The results of this study indicate that the 7488T>C (rs763780) in the IL-17F gene may be correlated with increased risk of CRC.

Biomimetic Stochastic Topography and Electric Fields Synergistically Enhance Directional Migration of Corneal Epithelial Cells in a MMP-3dependent Manner Acta Biomaterialia. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25311684

Directed migration of corneal epithelial cells (CECs) is critical for maintenance of corneal homeostasis as well as wound healing. Soluble cytoactive factors and the intrinsic chemical attributes of the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM) participate in stimulating and directing migration. The central importance of the intrinsic biophysical attributes of the microenvironment of the cell in modulating an array of fundamental epithelial behaviors including migration has been widely documented. Among the best measures of these attributes are the intrinsic topography and stiffness of the ECM and electric fields (EFs). How cells integrate these multiple simultaneous inputs is not well understood. Here, we present a method that combines the use of (i) topographically patterned substrates (mean pore diameter 800nm) possessing features that approximate those found in the native corneal basement membrane; and (ii) EFs (0-150mVmm(-1)) mimicking those at corneal epithelial wounds that the cells experience in vivo. We found that topographic cues and EFs synergistically regulated directional migration of human CECs and that this was associated with upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3). MMP3 expression and activity were significantly elevated with 150mVmm(-1) applied-EF while MMP2/9 remained unaltered. MMP3 expression was elevated in cells cultured on patterned surfaces against planar surfaces. The highest single-cell migration rate was observed with 150mVmm(-1) applied EF on patterned and planar surfaces. When cultured as a confluent sheet, EFs induced collective cell migration on stochastically patterned surfaces compared with dissociated single-cell migration on planar surfaces. These results suggest significant interaction of biophysical cues in regulating cell behaviors and will help define design parameters for corneal prosthetics and help to better understand corneal wound healing.

Subconjunctival Injection of XG-102, a C-Jun Nterminal Kinase Inhibitor Peptide, in the Treatment of Endotoxin-induced Uveitis in Rats Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25313830

XG-102, a TAT-coupled dextrogyre peptide inhibiting the c-Jun Nterminal kinase, was shown efficient in the treatment of experimental uveitis. Preclinical studies are now performed to determine optimal XG-102 dose and route of administration in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats with the purpose of clinical study design.

Effect of Quinoid Redox Mediators on the Aerobic Decolorization of Azo Dyes by Cells and Cell Extracts from Escherichia Coli Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25323408

It is widely accepted that the addition of redox mediators increases the decolorization rates of azo dyes by bacterial strains under anaerobic conditions. However, little information exists about whether quinoid redox mediators can enhance the performance of aerobic azo dye decolorization. In the present study, quinone-mediated decolorization of different azo dyes by whole cells and cell extracts from the Escherichia coli strain CD-2 under aerobic conditions were investigated. The results demonstrated that reduction rates of different azo dyes were greatly increased when quinone compounds were used as redox mediators. Compared with menadione, 2-hydroxy-1,4naphthoquinone (lawsone) was more effective at aiding azo dye degradation and the optimum concentration for lawsone is 0.1 mM. Strain CD-2 and the anthraquinone were co-immobilized by entrapment in different polymeric matrices. The co-immobilized beads exhibited good catalytic activity for azo dye degradation and kept stable during successive repeated experiments. The mechanism of the quinone-mediated reduction showed that although whole cells incubated with quinones could significantly increase the rate of decolorization of azo dyes, the quinone compounds did not directly promote azoreductase activity. According to the survey, this is the first report to confirm that the addition of quinoid redox mediators to bacteria increased decolorization under aerobic conditions.

NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation is Essential for Paraquat-induced Acute Lung Injury Inflammation. Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25338942

The innate immune response is important in paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but the exact pathways involved are not elucidated. The objectives of this study were to determine the specific role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the process. Acute lung injury was induced by administering paraquat (PQ) intraperitoneally. NLRP3 inflammasome including NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 mRNA and protein expression in lung tissue and IL-1 and IL-18 levels in BALF were detected at 4, 8, 24, and 72 h after PQ administration in rats. Moreover, rats were pretreated with 10, 30, and 50 mg/kg NLRP3 inflammasome blocker glybenclamide, respectively, 1 h before PQ exposure. At 72 h after PQ administration, lung histopathology changes, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 protein expression, as well as secretion of cytokines including IL-1 and IL-18 in BALF were investigated. The NLRP3 inflammasome including NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 expression, and cytokines IL-1 and IL-18 levels in PQ poisoning rats were significantly higher than that in the control group. NLRP3 inflammasome blocker glybenclamide pretreatment attenuated lung edema, inhibited the NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 activation, and reduced IL-1 and IL-18 levels in BALF. In the in vitro experiments, IL-1 and IL-18 secreted from RAW264.7 mouse macrophages treated with paraquat were attenuated by glybenclamide. In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Attenuates Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoninginduced Brain Damages in Rats Neurochemical Research. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25370793

In this study, the therapeutic effect of olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) transplantation on brain damage was evaluated on acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning rat model. Two weeks after primary culture, OECs were microinjected into hippocampus of CO poisoning rats. Survival of OECs in the host was observed and quantified. OECs survived at 2 weeks, but surviving cell number was found sharply decreased at 6 weeks and reduced to less than 10(3) at 8 weeks after transplantation. At 2 weeks after transplantation, motor function test and cerebral edema assay were performed and followed by pathological examination including hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining to observe the neuron injury and synapsin I and growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expression. Furthermore, biomarkers of oxidative stress and apoptosis related proteins in the hippocampus were detected. The results showed that CO exposure led to neurological dysfunction and cerebral edema in rats. After OEC transplantation, neurological function was significantly improved and the cerebral edema was alleviated. In addition, the numbers of neurons and Nissl bodies were increased and synapsin I and GAP-43 protein expressions were upregulated in the hippocampus. Compared with CO poisoned rats, superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content were both increased and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde level was decreased in the hippocampus of OEC transplanted rats. Moreover, OEC transplantation reduced apoptosis induced by CO exposure. The Bcl-2 expression was significantly upregulated and Bax expression was significantly downregulated. The activity of caspase-3 and the cleavedpoly ADP-ribose polymerase expression were decreased. Taken together, our data suggest that OEC attenuates brain damages induced by acute CO poisoning within 2 weeks after transplantation.

Proinflammatory Secreted Phospholipase A2 Type IIA (sPLA-IIA) Induces Integrin Activation Through Direct Binding to a Newly Identified Binding Site (site 2) in Integrins v3, 41, and 51 The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25398877

Integrins are activated by signaling from inside the cell (inside-out signaling) through global conformational changes of integrins. We recently discovered that fractalkine activates integrins in the absence of CX3CR1 through the direct binding of fractalkine to a ligand-binding site in the integrin headpiece (site 2) that is distinct from the classical RGD-binding site (site 1). We propose that fractalkine binding to the newly identified site 2 induces activation of site 1 though conformational changes (in an allosteric mechanism). We reasoned that site 2-mediated activation of integrins is not limited to fractalkine. Human secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA (sPLA2-IIA), a proinflammatory protein, binds to integrins v3 and 41 (site 1), and this interaction initiates a signaling pathway that leads to cell proliferation and inflammation. Human sPLA2-IIA does not bind to Mtype receptor very well. Here we describe that sPLA2-IIA directly activated purified soluble integrin v3 and transmembrane v3 on the cell surface. This activation did not require catalytic activity or M-type receptor. Docking simulation predicted that sPLA2-IIA binds to site 2 in the closed-headpiece of v3. A peptide from site 2 of integrin 1 specifically bound to sPLA2-IIA and suppressed sPLA2-IIA-induced integrin activation. This suggests that sPLA2-IIA activates v3 through binding to site 2. sPLA2-IIA also activated integrins 41 and 51 in a site 2-mediated manner. We recently identified small compounds that bind to sPLA2-IIA and suppress integrin-sPLA2-IIA interaction (e.g. compound 21 (Cmpd21)). Cmpd21 effectively suppressed sPLA2-IIAinduced integrin activation. These results define a novel mechanism of proinflammatory action of sPLA2-IIA through integrin activation.

Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Analysis of the Metabolites of Morroniside Produced by Human Intestinal Bacteria Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25482010

Morroniside, the most abundant iridoid glycoside in the valuable traditional Chinese medicine Fructus Corni, exhibits various pharmacological activities and biological effects. Intestinal flora plays an important role in the metabolism of drug compounds, which might lead to the variation of ethnopharmacological profile of the medicine. However, little is known of the interactions of the morroniside with human intestinal bacteria. In this study, different pure bacteria were isolated from human feces and their capability to convert morroniside were investigated. The metabolites of morroniside were analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technique using Metabolynx™ software. Parent compound and three metabolites were detected and tentatively identified based on the characteristics of their protonated ions. The parent is proposed to be metabolized by three main metabolic pathways including deglycosylation, dehydroxylation and methylation. Morroniside was firstly metabolized to its aglycone (M1), and then was further converted to dehydroxylated aglycone (M2) and methylated aglycone (M3). This is the first report of the metabolism of morroniside by human intestinal bacteria. These metabolites might influence the biological activities of morroniside in vivo, which could affect the clinical effects of medicines. Thus, the study on the metabolism of morroniside by human intestinal bacteria is very helpful to unravel how traditional medicines work.

A Porous Metal-organic Framework Containing Multiple Active Cu(2+) Sites for Highly Efficient Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003). Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25515613

A novel 3D porous metal-organic framework was constructed from imidazole carboxylate linkers and copper(ii) nodes, which in situ generates multiple active Cu(II) sites in the nanosized channel walls for highly efficient cross dehydrogenative coupling reaction between 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives and nitroalkanes that are superior to the simple copper salts.

Club Drug Use and Associated High-risk Sexual Behaviour in Six Provinces in China Addiction (Abingdon, England). Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25533860

To investigate the characteristics of the different club drugs and associated high-risk sexual behaviours in China.

Tumor Necrosis Factor--Induced Protein-8 Like-2 (TIPE2) Upregulates P27 to Decrease Gastic Cancer Cell Proliferation Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. Jun, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25536447

The pathogenesis of gastric cancer is not completely understood. Tumor necrosis factor--induced protein-8 like-2 (TIPE2) has recently been identified as a novel negative regulator gene of the immune system, and studies in mice and humans have suggested its inhibitory action in both inflammation and cancer. In this study, we examined the expression levels of TIPE2 in human gastric cancer tissues and also samples of paraneoplastic control tissue, and found that TIPE2 expression was reduced in gastric cancer. To investigate the role of TIPE2 in gastric cell carcinogenesis, a TIPE2 plasmid was introduced into gastric cell lines and TIPE2 function was examined. Colonyforming assays showed that restoration of TIPE2 expression in gastric cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that the number of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle was reduced concomitant with TIPE2 expression, and cell apoptosis was maintained at a low level. Microarray and western blot analyses revealed that TIPE2 selectively up-regulated N-ras and p27 expression. The role of p27 in mediating TIPE2-associated cell growth inhibition was verified by a p27 siRNA interference assay. In this study, we proved that TIPE2 is an inhibitor of gastric cancer cell growth, and suggest that TIPE2 might promote a p27-associated signaling cascade that leads to restored control of the cell cycle and cell division. Our results provide a new molecular mechanism by which TIPE2 may regulate proliferation of gastric cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1121-1129, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Delayed Hyperoxic Ventilation Attenuates Oxygen-induced Free Radical Accumulation During Early Reperfusion After Global Brain Ischemia Neuroreport. Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25569795

To compare the effect of immediate and delayed administration of oxygen on the accumulation of free radicals in ischemia-reperfusion animal models. Thirty-two adult male Mongolian gerbils with microdialysis probes implanted in the right hippocampal CA1 were divided randomly into four groups (eight each). One group was shamoperated (Sham group) whereas the other three groups were subjected to 10min bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO). BCAO-treated animals were then subjected to the following: (a) immediate 30% O2 (near normoxia, NO group), (b) immediate 100% O2 (hyperoxia, HO group), and (c) 30% O2 for 60min, followed by 100% O2 for 60min (delayed hyperoxia, DHO group). Hippocampal accumulation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) during reperfusion was estimated by measuring 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) and 2,5-DHBA in microdialysis perfusate. Hippocampi were removed 2h after perfusion to measure malondialdehyde, pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, indices of lipid peroxidation, and cellular respiration. At 24h after BCAO, the histology of hippocampi was analyzed to rate the injury. Immediately after the onset of reperfusion, all groups showed markedly elevated DHBA, which returned to baseline over 1-2h. Compared with the NO group, the HO group showed significantly higher peak DHBA and slower recovery. In contrast, the DHO group was not significantly different from the NO group in terms of the DHBA level. DHO animals also showed significantly lower hippocampal malondialdehyde accumulation and higher pyruvate dehydrogenase activity at 2h after reperfusion versus the HO group. Histology analysis also showed animals in the DHO group with ameliorated injury compared with the HO group. Hydroxyl radical accumulation was more sensitive to O2 during early reperfusion. Delayed hyperoxia may re-establish oxidative metabolism while minimizing oxidative stress after CA.

CD44v6 Promotes -catenin and TGFExpression, Inducing Aggression in Ovarian Cancer Cells Molecular Medicine Reports. May, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25573529

A high expression of CD44v6 has been reported in numerous malignant cancers, including stomach, prostate, lung and colon. However, the pathological role and the regulatory mechanisms of CD44v6 have yet to be elucidated. In the present study, the expression levels of CD44v6 were shown to be significantly higher in ovarian cancer tissues, as compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the upregulated expression levels of CD44v6 were correlated with disease recurrence and poor survival in patients. The expression of CD44v6 was knocked down in the CAOV3 ovarian cell line, by transfection of a specific small hairpin RNA. The present study showed a correlation between the aggression, viability, invasion and migration of the ovarian cancer cells, with the expression of CD44v6. In addition, the expression of CD44v6 was positively correlated with the expression levels of catenin and tumor growth factor, which indicates that the effects of CD44v6 on ovarian cancer cell aggression may be mediated by these two signaling pathways. In conclusion, the present study provides a novel insight into the association between CD44v6 expression and ovarian cancer. CD44v6 may provide a novel target for the prognosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.

Mechanism-based Inhibitory and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor -dependent Modulating Effects of Silybin on Principal Hepatic Drug-metabolizing Enzymes Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the Biological Fate of Chemicals. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25587127

Silybin, a major pharmacologically active compound in silymarin, has been widely used in combination with other prescriptions in the clinic to treat hepatitis and a host of other diseases. Previous studies suggested that silybin is a potential inhibitor of multiple drugmetabolizing enzymes (DMEs); however, the in vitro to in vivo translation and the mechanisms involved remain established. The aim of this study was to provide a mechanistic understanding of the regulatory effects of silybin on principal DMEs. Silybin (50 or 150 mg/kg/d) was administered to mice for a consecutive 14 days. The plasma and hepatic exposure of silybin were detected; the mRNA, protein levels, and enzyme activities of principal DMEs were determined. The results demonstrated that the enzyme activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C, CYP3A11, and UGT1A1 were significantly repressed, whereas little alteration of the mRNA and protein levels was observed. Silybin inhibits these DMEs in a mechanism-based and/or substrate-competitive manner. More importantly, silybin was found to be a weak agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), as evidenced from the molecular docking, reporter gene assay, and the targeting gene expression analysis. However, silybin could significantly compromise the activation of PPAR by fenofibrate, characterized with significantly repressed expression of PPAR targeting genes, including L-FABP, ACOX1, and UGT1A6. This study suggests that silybin, despite its low bioavailability, may inhibit enzyme activities of multiple DMEs in a mechanism-based mode, and more importantly, may confer significant drug-drug interaction with PPAR agonists via the repression of PPAR activation in a competitive mode.

Generation of Hydrate Forms of Paroxetine HCl from the Amorphous State: an Evaluation of Thermodynamic and Experimental Predictive Approaches International Journal of Pharmaceutics. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25592956

In this study, we evaluate the use of theoretical thermodynamic analysis of amorphous paroxetine hydrochloride (HCl) as well as experimental assessment in order to identify the most promising approach to stability and dissolution behaviour prediction, particularly in relation to stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric hydrate formation. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction techniques were used. Parameters including heat capacity, configurational thermodynamic quantities, fragility and relaxation time classified amorphous paroxetine HCl as a moderate fragile glass with a considerable degree of molecular mobility. Solubility studies indicated little advantage of the amorphous form over the crystalline due to conversion to the hydrate Form I during equilibration, while the dissolution rate was higher for the amorphous form under sink conditions. A marked difference in the physical stability of amorphous paroxetine HCl was observed between dry and low humidity storage, with the system recrystallizing to the hydrate form. We conclude that, in this particular case (amorphous conversion to the hydrate), water may be playing a dual role in both plasticizing the amorphous form and driving the equilibrium towards the hydrate form, hence prediction of recrystallization behaviour from amorphous characteristics may be confounded by the additional process of hydrate generation.

Rare Variants in RTEL1 Are Associated with Familial Interstitial Pneumonia American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25607374

Up to 20% of cases of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia cluster in families, comprising the syndrome of familial interstitial pneumonia (FIP); however, the genetic basis of FIP remains uncertain in most families.

Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting As Cellulitis Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25635168

In general, skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) presents as papules or plaques with erythematous or pigmented appearance that may ulcerate the skin. Cellulitis caused by metastatic deposit from a known primary skin SCC has been reported once.1 We describe a patient who presented with cellulitis on the face that did not respond well to full course of antibiotics treatment, and turned out to be a newly diagnosed SCC after biopsy. Other differential diagnoses, such as malignancy, should be suspected in all unusual presentations and biopsy should be taken if patients do not show an optimal and desired improvement after receiving a full-course of antibiotic therapy for cellulitis.

The Effectiveness and Safety of a Danshencontaining Chinese Herbal Medicine for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Multicenter Clinical Trial Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25666427

Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen in Chinese) is a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine often used to treat many medical conditions. The Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) is a danshencontaining Chinese herbal product for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, to date, no controlled clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of CDDP on diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Quercetin Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-induced Choroidal and Retinal Angiogenesis in Vitro Ophthalmic Research. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25676100

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced choroidal and retinal angiogenesis in vitro using a rhesus macaque choroid-retinal endothelial (RF/6A) cell line.

Novel Covalent Modification of Human Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and Potentiation of Crizotinib-mediated Inhibition of ALK Activity by BNP7787 OncoTargets and Therapy. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25678804

BNP7787 (Tavocept, disodium 2,2'-dithio-bis-ethanesulfonate) is a novel, investigational, water-soluble disulfide that is well-tolerated and nontoxic. In separate randomized multicenter Phase II and Phase III clinical trials in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, treatment with BNP7787 in combination with standard chemotherapy resulted in substantial increases in the overall survival of patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the lung in the first-line treatment setting. We hypothesized that BNP7787 might interact with and modify human anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). At least seven different variants of ALK fusions with the gene encoding the echinoderm microtubuleassociated protein-like 4 (EML4) are known to occur in NSCLC. EML4ALK fusions are thought to account for approximately 3% of NSCLC cases. Herein, we report the covalent modification of the kinase domain of human ALK by a BNP7787-derived mesna moiety and the functional consequences of this modification in ALK assays evaluating kinase activity. The kinase domain of the ALK protein crystallizes as a monomer, and BNP7787-derived mesna-cysteine adducts were observed at Cys 1235 and Cys 1156. The BNP7787-derived mesna adduct at Cys 1156 is located in close proximity to the active site and results in substantial disorder of the P-loop and activation loop (Aloop). Comparison with the P-loop of apo-ALK suggests that the BNP7787-derived mesna adduct at Cys 1156 interferes with the positioning of Phe 1127 into a small pocket now occupied by mesna, resulting in a destabilization of the loop's binding orientation. Additionally, in vitro kinase activity assays indicate that BNP7787 inhibits ALK catalytic activity and potentiates the activity of the ALKtargeted drug crizotinib.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Confers Albumininduced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Renal Tubular Injury American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25694478

Proteinuria is involved in the development of tubular lesions and in the progressive loss of renal function in chronic kidney diseases via uncertain mechanisms. Growing evidence suggests a pathogenic role of mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic kidney diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to define the roles of mitochondria in proteinuriainduced renal tubular injury and their underlying mechanisms. Using the albumin-overload mouse model, we observed severe tubular structure damage and striking tubular cell apoptosis. Furthermore, tubular epithelial cells displayed a loss of E-cadherin expression and gained expression of -smooth muscle actin and vimentin, indicating a cellular phenotypic alteration. Strikingly, these albumin overloadinduced abnormalities were robustly blocked by a mitochondrial SOD2 mimic, Mn(III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride (MnTBAP). In agreement with these results, we observed a marked change in mitochondrial morphology accompanied by mitochondrial cytochrome c release and a copy number reduction of mitochondrial DNA. These alterations were largely reversed by MnTBAP, suggesting a key role for mitochondria-derived oxidative stress in mediating the albumin effect on mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent tubular injury. Moreover, the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/cytokine cascade was activated in the kidney by albumin overload and was entirely abolished by MnTBAP. In albumintreated mouse proximal tubular cells, albumin directly induced ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, NLRP3/caspase-1/cytokine cascade activation, cell apoptosis, and cellular phenotypic transition. Similar to our in vivo results, treatment with either MnTBAP or cyclosporin A, a mitochondrial permeability transition pore inhibitor, remarkably attenuated these abnormalities in cells. Taken together, these novel findings demonstrate a potential role for the mitochondrial dysfunction/NLRP3 inflammasome axis in the pathogenesis of proteinuria-induced renal tubular injury.

Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 2 is Involved in the Efflux of Aconitum Alkaloids Determined by MRP2-MDCKII Cells Life Sciences. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25744397

Aconitum alkaloids mainly contain highly toxic aconitine (AC), mesaconitine (MA), and hypaconitine (HA) and less toxic benzoylaconine (BAC), benzoylmesaconine (BMA), benzoylhypaconine (BHA), aconine, mesaconine, and hypaconine. The efflux transporters including P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) can efflux toxicants to prevent poisoning. Our previous publication has proved that P-gp and BCRP contributed to the efflux of AC, MA and HA, which is demonstrated in the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines (Caco-2 cells), Mardin-Darby canine kidney cell lines transfected with MDR1 or BCRP (MDR1-MDCKII and BCRPMDCKII cells). However, the role of MRP2 remains uncertain.

Novel Implantable Composite Biomaterial by Fibrin Glue and Amniotic Membrane for Ocular Surface Reconstruction Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25764084

Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) is considered a substantial treatment option in the management of ocular surface disorders. However, several inherent drawbacks still remain. The present study devised a novel implantable composite biomaterial of fibrin gluedouble layer Amniotic membrane (AM) and evaluated the biomechanical properties and effects on corneal surface reconstruction in alkali-burned rabbit model. Biomechanic parameters were calculated by an electronic universal testing machine. Corneal alkali burning was done in the right eyes of thirty rabbits, which were randomized into three groups of ten animals each. The eyes in group 1 underwent fibrin glue-double layer AMT, the eyes in group 2 underwent ordinary single layer AMT, and the eyes in group 3 (control group) did not undergo any surgical procedure. Healing of corneal epithelial defect, extent of corneal vascularization and corneal clarity were assessed and compared at two time points. One month after surgery, animals were killed and the eyes were processed for histopathology. The fibrin glue-double layer AM composites had more ideal biomechanical properties. In fibrin glue-double layer AM group, the rate of epithelial healing, vascularization inhibition and corneal clarity was significantly better than the other two groups. Novel fibrin glue-double layer AMT with corneal alkali burns is more effective and useful for ocular surface reconstruction and has great potential applications.

Restoring SIRT6 Expression in HutchinsonGilford Progeria Syndrome Cells Impedes Premature Senescence and Formation of Dysmorphic Nuclei Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology. Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25765721

Mice overexpressing SIRT6 live longer than wild-type mice while SIRT6 knockout mice exhibit similar degenerative phenotypes as individuals with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). Thus, we sought to test whether levels of SIRT6 are reduced in cells from individuals with HGPS and whether restored SIRT6 expression may impede premature aging phenotypes.

Complete Blood Count Reference Intervals for Healthy Han Chinese Adults PloS One. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25769040

Complete blood count (CBC) reference intervals are important to diagnose diseases, screen blood donors, and assess overall health. However, current reference intervals established by older instruments and technologies and those from American and European populations are not suitable for Chinese samples due to ethnic, dietary, and lifestyle differences. The aim of this multicenter collaborative study was to establish CBC reference intervals for healthy Han Chinese adults.

In Vitro and in Vivo Ocular Biocompatibility of Electrospun Poly(-caprolactone) Nanofibers European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences. Jun, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25797289

Biocompatibility is a requirement for the development of nanofibers for ophthalmic applications. In this study, nanofibers were elaborated using poly(-caprolactone) via electrospinning. The ocular biocompatibility of this material was investigated. MIO-M1 and ARPE19 cell cultures were incubated with nanofibers and cellular responses were monitored by viability and morphology. The in vitro biocompatibility revealed that the nanofibers were not cytotoxic to the ocular cells. These cells exposed to the nanofibers proliferated and formed an organized monolayer. ARPE-19 and MIO-M1 cells were capable of expressing GFAP, respectively, demonstrating their functionality. Nanofibers were inserted into the vitreous cavity of the rat's eye for 10days and the in vivo biocompatibility was investigated using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), histology and measuring the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (IL-1, TNF-, VEGF and iNOS) (real-time PCR). The OCT and the histological analyzes exhibited the preserved architecture of the tissues of the eye. The biomaterial did not elicit an inflammatory reaction and pro-inflammatory cytokines were not expressed by the retinal cells, and the other posterior tissues of the eye. Results from the biocompatibility studies indicated that the nanofibers exhibited a high degree of cellular biocompatibility and short-term intraocular tolerance, indicating that they might be applied as drug carrier for ophthalmic use.

Aberrant Expression of the CHFR Prophase Checkpoint Gene in Human B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Leukemia Research. May, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25798877

Checkpoint with FHA and Ring Finger (CHFR) is a checkpoint protein that reportedly initiates a cell cycle delay in response to microtubule stress during prophase in mitosis, which has become an interesting target for understanding cancer pathogenesis. Recently, aberrant methylation of the CHFR gene associated with gene silencing has been reported in several cancers. In the present study, we examined the expression of CHFR in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that the expression level of CHFR mRNA and protein was reduced in B-NHL tissue samples and B cell lines. Furthermore, CHFR methylation was detected in 39 of 122 BNHL patients, which was not found in noncancerous reactive hyperplasia of lymph node (RH) tissues. CHFR methylation correlated with the reduced expression of CHFR, high International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores and later pathologic Ann Arbor stages of B-NHL. Treatment with demethylation reagent, 5-Aza-dC, could eliminate the hypermethylation of CHFR, enhance CHFR expression and cell apoptosis and inhibit the cell proliferation of Raji cells, which could be induced by high expression of CHFR in Raji cells. Our results indicated that aberrant methylation of CHFR may be associated with the pathogenesis, progression for B-NHL, which might be a novel molecular marker as prognosis and treatment for B-NHL.

(2R,3S)-Pinobanksin-3-cinnamate Improves Cognition and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Rats with Vascular Dementia Journal of Natural Medicines. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25808015

This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of (2R,3S)pinobanksin-3-cinnamate (PNC) in rats with occlusion-damaged bilateral common carotid arteries. Administration with PNC (5 and 10 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks significantly improved the behavioral performance of rats with vascular dementia, as showed in the Morris water maze test by shortening the escape latency and latency of crossing, completing more platform crossings, as well as spending more time in the target zone. Further evaluations found that PNC could markedly decrease malondialdehyde levels, enhance superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels, and decrease the release of cytochrome c as well as the activities of caspases. Moreover, PNC increased Nrf2 and anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein expression, while Nox1 and pro-apopotic bax protein expression was decreased. PNC may exert its neuroprotective effects through counteracting oxidative stress and has the potential to treat vascular dementia.

Pyrene Fused Perylene Diimides: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications in Organic Field-effect Transistors and Optical Limiting with High Performance Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England). Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25811539

Three pyrene fused PDI derivatives have been obtained, in which totally different properties were observed when adopting different fusing types. For bilaterally benzannulated PDIs, through spin-coating, bottom-contact OFET devices exhibited a p-type mobility up to 1.13 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), with an on/off ratio of 10(8) in air.

Au Nanoparticles Decorated C60 Nanoparticlebased Label-free Electrochemiluminesence Aptasensor Via a Novel "on-off-on" Switch System Biomaterials. Jun, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25818453

Herein, a label-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of kanamycin was developed based on a novel "on-off-on" switch system. The first "switch on" state with remarkably high ECL intensity was obtained by the tri-layer composite films modified glassy carbon electrode towards the S2O8(2-)-O2 system. To be specific, the first layer was the Au nanoparticles decorated C60 nanoparticles (abbreviation as Au@nano-C60) as inner-layer which was prepared by the in situ generating of Au nanoparticles onto the surface of bovine serum albumin decorated nano-C60 nanoparticles. Then poly-l-histidine was first selected as a novel coreactant of S2O8(2-)-O2 system and it was adsorbed on the Au@nano-C60 modified electrode as inter-layer. Finally, a selfassembling layer of colloidal Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) was the outerlayer. The three layers were interaction by the Au-N covalent bond which could achieve a desirable initial amplified ECL signal. Successively, the capture probes (CPs) of the aptamer for the target of kanamycin was anchored on the resultant tri-layer composite films modified electrode. Later, the "switch off" state was made by the quenching effect of hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzymes towards S2O8(2)-O2 system according to the DNA hybridization reaction of an assistant probes (APs, guanine-rich nucleic acid) with CPs which could generate a large amount of hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzymes in the presence of hemin with a simple and label-free process. As expected, the second "switch on" state was the ECL signal recovery when the target of kanamycin was present, it is attributed to that the formation of the aptamer-kanamycin complex makes the quencher of hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzymes release from the sensing interface. With the association of "on-off-on" switch system, a linear response about 9 orders of magnitude for kanamycin detection was obtained from 0.15 nM to 170 mm as well as a detection limit down to 45 pM.

Huaier Cream Protects Against AdriamycinInduced Nephropathy by Restoring Mitochondrial Function Via PGC-1 Upregulation PPAR Research. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25861251

The mechanism by which Huaier, a Chinese traditional medicine, protects podocytes remains unclear. We designed the present study to examine whether mitochondrial function restored by PGC-1 serves as the major target of Huaier cream in protecting ADR nephropathy. After ADR administration, the podocytes exhibited remarkable cell injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, ADR also reduced PGC-1 both in vivo and in vitro. Following the Huaier treatment, the notable downregulation of PGC-1 and its downstream molecule mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were almost entirely blocked. Correspondingly, Huaier markedly ameliorated ADR-induced podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in both rat kidneys and incubated cells as it inhibited the decrease of nephrin and podocin expression, mtDNA copy number, MMP, and ATP content. Transmission electron microscopy result also showed that Huaier protected mitochondria against ADR-induced severe mitophagy and abnormal changes of ultrastructural morphology. In conclusion, Huaier can protect podocytes against ADR-induced cytotoxicity possibly by reversing the dysfunction of mitochondria via PGC-1 overexpression, which may be a novel therapeutic drug target in glomerular diseases.

Clonogenically Culturing and Expanding CD34+ Liver Cancer Stem Cells in Vitro Stem Cells and Development. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25867583

A large number of cancer stem cells (CSC) have been isolated and identified; however, none has been cultured in an unlimited manner in vitro without losing tumorigenicity and multipotency. Here we successfully clonogenically cultured a newly identified CD34+ liver CSC (LCSC) on feeder cells up to 22 passages (to date) without losing CSC property. Cloned CD34+ LCSC formed a round, packed morphology, and it also could be cryopreserved and re-cultured. Stem cell markers, CD34, CD117 and SOX2; normal liver stem cell markers, alpha fetoprotein, CK19, CK18, and OV6; putative CSC markers, CD44, CD133, EpCAM, and CD90; as well as CD31, were expressed in cloned CD34+ LCSC. SOX2 was the major factor in maintaining this LCSC before colonization, and interestingly, OCT4, SOX2, NAONG, Klf4, c-Myc and Lin28 were up-regulated in association with symmetric self-renewal for colony growth of CD34+ LCSC on feeder cells. Gene expression patterns of in vitro differentiation were consistent with our in vivo finding, furthermore, the tumorigenecity of cloned CD34+ LCSC was not different from uncloned CD34+ LCSC sorted from parental PLC. These results show that our cloned CD34+ LCSC maintained CSC property including self-renewal, bipotency, and tumorigenicity after long-term culture, demonstrating that this LCSC can be cultured in an unlimited manner in vitro. Thus, establishing pure population of CSCs isolated from the patients will provide an opportunity to explore the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and cancer development, and to identify unique biomarkers presenting potential indicators of drug efficacy against CSCs for establishment of novel strategy for cancer therapy.

Delay-induced Instability in a Nutrientphytoplankton System with Flow Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25871194

In this paper, a nutrient-phytoplankton system described by a couple of advection-diffusion-reaction equations with delay was studied analytically and numerically. The aim of this research was to provide an understanding of the impact of delay on instability. Significantly, delay cannot only induce instability, but can also promote the formation of spatial pattern via a Turing-like instability. In addition, the theoretical analysis indicates that the flow (advection term) may lead to instability when the delay term exists. By comparison, diffusion cannot result in Turing instability when flow does not exist. Results of numerical simulation were consistent with the analytical results.

A New CRB1 Rat Mutation Links Müller Glial Cells to Retinal Telangiectasia The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25878282

We have identified and characterized a spontaneous Brown Norway from Janvier rat strain (BN-J) presenting a progressive retinal degeneration associated with early retinal telangiectasia, neuronal alterations, and loss of retinal Müller glial cells resembling human macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2), which is a retinal disease of unknown cause. Genetic analyses showed that the BN-J phenotype results from an autosomal recessive indel novel mutation in the Crb1 gene, causing dislocalization of the protein from the retinal Müller glia (RMG)/photoreceptor cell junction. The transcriptomic analyses of primary RMG cultures allowed identification of the dysregulated pathways in BN-J rats compared with wild-type BN rats. Among those pathways, TGF- and Kit Receptor Signaling, MAPK Cascade, Growth Factors and Inflammatory Pathways, G-Protein Signaling Pathways, Regulation of Actin Cytoskeleton, and Cardiovascular Signaling were found. Potential molecular targets linking RMG/photoreceptor interaction with the development of retinal telangiectasia are identified. This model can help us to better understand the physiopathologic mechanisms of MacTel 2 and other retinal diseases associated with telangiectasia.

Experimental Computed Tomography-guided Vena Cava Puncture in Pigs for Percutaneous Brachytherapy of Middle Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastases Chinese Medical Journal. 20th Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25881603

Percutaneous brachytherapy is a valuable method for the treatment of lung cancer and mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis. However, in some of the metastatic lymph nodes in the middle mediastinum, the percutaneous approach cannot be used safely due to possible damage to surrounding anatomical structures. We established an animal model (group of 12 pigs) to assess the safety and feasibility of computed tomography (CT)-guided vena cava puncture.

Molecular Insights into Land Snail Neuropeptides Through Transcriptome and Comparative Gene Analysis BMC Genomics. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25884396

Snails belong to the molluscan class Gastropoda, which inhabit land, freshwater and marine environments. Several land snail species, including Theba pisana, are crop pests of major concern, causing extensive damage to agriculture and horticulture. A deeper understanding of their molecular biology is necessary in order to develop methods to manipulate land snail populations.

Electrochemiluminescence-based Detection Method of Lead(ii) Ion Via Dual Enhancement of Intermolecular and Intramolecular Co-reaction The Analyst. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25915114

A novel analytical method to design a highly selective and sensitive detection technique for lead(ii) ions (Pb(2+)) detection was developed based on an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor, taking advantage of the high specificity of the aptamer for Pb(2+) and the use of both intermolecular and intramolecular co-reaction to achieve signal enhancement. For sensing interface construction, l-cysteine (Cys) and gold nanostructured layers were electrodeposited on the electrode surface successively, which afforded a large surface area to anchor massive thiol-terminated auxiliary probes (APs) via a thiol-Au interaction. Then, a DNA duplex was generated based on the hybridization of the APs with capture probes (CPs, Pb(2+) specific aptamers). In the presence of Pb(2+), Pb(2+)-induced aptamers were released from the DNA duplex via the formation of a Pb(2+)-stabilized G-quadruplex, accompanied by leaving the single CPs on the sensing interface. Herein, the ruthenium(ii) complexes with functional groups of -COOH (Ru-COOH) were covalently bonded on the polyamidoamine dendrimers with amine end groups (PAMAM), which were capped by the high-index-faceted Au nanoparticles (HIFAuNPs) to obtain the ECL signal labels of Ru-PAMAM-HIFAuNPs. Then, the detection probes (DPs) of amino-terminated Pb(2+) specific aptamers were tagged with the Ru-PAMAM-HIFAuNPs. It was demonstrated that the covalent bonding of PAMAM and Ru-COOH could generate a self-enhanced ECL luminophore by an intramolecular co-reaction and the use of a Cys layer modified electrode could enhance the ECL by the intermolecular co-reaction of Cys and Ru-COOH, which lead to a significant enhancement of the ECL response. Based on this analytical method, the ECL signal increased with Pb(2+) concentration which presented a linear relationship in the range 1.0 × 10(-13)-1.0 × 10(-7) M with the detection limit of 4.0 × 10(-14) M. The proposed approach was also successfully utilized for the determination of Pb(2+) in soil samples.

Hippocampal Volume Reduction in Female but Not Male Recent Abstinent Methamphetamine Users Behavioural Brain Research. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25920682

Growing evidence suggests abnormalities in brain morphology including hippocampal structure in patients with methamphetamine (MA) dependence. This study was performed to examine hippocampal volume in abstinent MA users, and to further explore its relationship with cognitive function. 30 abstinent MA users (20 males and 10 females) with average 5.52 months of duration of abstinence and 29 healthy controls (19 males and 10 females) age 18 to 45 years old were recruited for clinical assessment and imaging scan. FreeSurfer was used to segment the hippocampus bilaterally, and hippocampal volumes were extracted for group and gender comparisons. Cognitive function was measured using the CogState Battery Chinese language version (CSB-C).Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for education showed a significant group by gender interaction for the right hippocampal relative volume adjusted for total brain size (p=0.020); there was a significant difference between male controls and female controls (p

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based Screening and Identification of the Main Flavonoids and Their Metabolites in Rat Bile, Urine and Faeces After Oral Administration of Scutellaria Baicalensis Extract Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25926286

Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are increasingly used in combination with Western medicine. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae) is a widely used TCM in treating various diseases. However, the in vivo metabolism of its main bioactive flavonoids, baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin, need further study.

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