Idea Transcript
MINOR CROPS IN ITALY THE STATE OF THE ART
CeRSAA’s HISTORY AND FACILITIES
The CeRSAA was founded in 1961 by the Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Handicraft and Agriculture of Savona (Liguria, Italy).
Facilities: - greenhouses, plastic houses, open fields cover a surface of 4 ha - two labs (plant pathogens and pesticide residues) - offices, classrooms, a conference hall and a front office dedicated to farmers.
OUR WORKGROUP
Mean age: 33 i.o.
WHERE WE ARE
CeRSAA’s acitivities funded by public bodies or privates: - environmentally friendly control strategies of plant pathogens, - soil disinfestation techniques, - management and disease control of ornamental and vegetable key crops, - dosage of fertilisers, - quality of substrates for potted plants, - evaluation of new species or cultivars of flowers. -More recently the field of interest has broadened to: - renewable energy sources (projects on solar and wind energy).
In the last years, more than 50 national and European projects were carried out Some recent examples: • LIFE07 ENV/GR/000280 “PROSODOL” (partner); • INTERREG –ALCOTRA “SALVIE” (partner); • INTERREG MARITIME “PYRGI” (beneficiary) • FLORDEFENDER (MIPAAF) • NEW CHEMICALS FOR MINOR CROPS (MIPAAF) • MONITORING AND SERVICE SUPPLY IN THE AGRO-ENV. SECTOR (Liguria Region) • DG AGRI “AgricUltura news”
Centre for pesticide evaluation
CERSAA is involved in the development of new pesticides in support of the agrochemicals companies, the service agencies and other centres for pesticide evaluation The Centre is recognized by the Italian Ministry for Agricultural Policies according to D.L. 17/03/1995 n°194 - D.M. 5566 03/07/2008, published on the Official Gazette n°195 on 21/08/2008.
OUR NETWORK / 1 Parlamento Europeo delle Imprese EFSA (Autorità Europea per la Sicurezza Alimentare) AIPSA (Associazione Italiana Produttori Substrati e Ammendanti) AIPP (Associazione Italiana Protezione Piante) MBTOC (Methyl Bromide Technical Options Commitee) in ambito UNEP (United Nations for Environment Programme)
UNIDO (United Nations for Industrial Development Organization) Network camerale Energie Rinnovabili e ReteLab Ente Italiano di Unificazione delle Materie Plastiche Organizzazioni sindacali agricole
OUR NETWORK / 2 IL PARTERNARIATO DI BASE (Regolato da convenzioni, accordi, …) 1.
OOAA (COLDIRETTI, CIA, CONFAGRICOLTURA)
2.
UNIGE – DIPARTIMENTO DI CHIMICA E TECNOLOGIA FARMACEUTICA (DICTFA)
3.
UNIGE – CENTRO DI BIOTECNOLOGIE APPLICATE (CBA)
4.
UNIGE – SPES E IPS (CAMPUS SAVONA)
5.
UNIMI – DIPARTIMENTO PRODUZIONI VEGETALI (DiProVe)
6.
UNIPI – DIPARTIMENTO BIOLOGIA PIANTE AGRARIE (DBPA)
7.
UNIPI – DIPARTIMENTO FARMACIA
8.
UNITO – DIPARTIMENTO MECCANICA E MECCANIZZAZIONE (DEIAFA)
9.
UNITO – DIPERTIMENTO DI AGRONOMIA (AGROSELVITER)
10.
UNITO – DIVAPRA
11.
UNISS – DIPARTIMENTO PATOLOGIA VEGETALE
12.
UNISS – DIPARTIMENTO AGRONOMIA (DESA)
13.
AUTORITA’ EUROPEA PER LA SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE (EFSA)
14.
ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITA’ – AUTORITA’ DI CONTROLLO CdS RESIDUI (ISS)
15.
ASL N. 2 SAVONA
16.
CONSIGIO PER LA RICERCA E LA SPERIMENTAZIONE IN AGRICOLTURA (CRA) - Unità Floricoltura Specie Ornamentali (FSO)
17.
CONSIGIO PER LA RICERCA E LA SPERIMENTAZIONE IN AGRICOLTURA (CRA) - Unità Vivaismo (VIV)
18.
CONSIGIO PER LA RICERCA E LA SPERIMENTAZIONE IN AGRICOLTURA (CRA) - Unità Patologia Vegetale (PAV)
19.
CONSIGIO PER LA RICERCA E LA SPERIMENTAZIONE IN AGRICOLTURA (CRA) - Unità di ricerca per l’ingegneria agraria (ISMA)
20.
CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE (CNR) – ISTITUTO DI VIROLOGIA VEGETALE (IVV) –TORINO
21.
CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE (CNR) – ISTITUTO PROTEZIONE PIANTE (IPP) – BARI
22.
REGIONE LIGURIA – ASSESSORATO AGRICOLTURA
23.
REGIONE LIGURIA – ISTITUTO REGIONALE PER LA FLORICOLTURA
24.
REGIONE TOSCANA - ARSIA
25.
REGIONE PIEMONTE – TECNOGRANDA
26.
REGIONE FRIULI-VENEZIA-GIULIA – ERSA
27.
ISPETTORATO CONTROLLO QUALITA’ E REPRESSIONE FRODI (ICQRF)
28.
COMUNI DI ALASSIO, CERIALE, CELLE LIGURE
29.
UNIONCAMERE LIGURIA
30.
UNIONCAMERE ROMA (Er)
31.
FERRANIA SOLIS, SOLARKEY, SOLYNDRA, WUERTH SOLAR
32.
CENTRE REGIONAL D’EXPLOITATION AGRICCOLE (CREAT) – CHAMBRE D’AGRICULTURE DES ALPES-MARITIMES – NICE
33.
ARO VOLCANI CENTRE (TEL AVIV)
34.
INRA – ANTIBES (F)
35.
INRA – SAN GIULIANO (CORSE, F)
36.
NAGREF (GR)
37.
AGRICOLTURA Y ENSAIO (E)
38.
UNIVERSITA’ DI UTRECH (D)
Incoming changes Regulations repealed in data 14/06/2011: - DIR 91/414/CE (Italian D.L. 194/95); -
DIR 79/117/CEE (prohibiting the placing on the market and use of pesticides containing some a.i.)
New regulations
-
REG 1107/2009/CE Regulation concerning placing pesticides on market. Main points: European approval of a positive list of a.i. National authorization of plant protection products containing one or more a.i. autorized by EU list in accordance with the precautionary principle that each Member State is free to apply DIR 2009/128/CE Directive on the sustainable use of pesticides
-
REG 1185/2009/CE Regulation of statistical data on pesticides
-
DIR 2009/127/CE Directive on instruments for the application of pesticides (it amend
-
the DIR 2006/42/CE
What are minor crops in Italy Minor crops in Italy represents approximately 30% of the national fruit and vegetable production, among them there are all DOP and IGP, and although of little importance worldwide, are the main crops for entire territories
10
Minor crops in Italy – fruit trees
CROPS
N. OF DEMANDING REGIONS
Citrus bergamia (bergamot)
1
NUT FRUITS
Castanea sativa (chestnut), Corylus avellana (hazel), Pistacia vera (pistachio)
6
POME FRUTS
Eriobotrya japonica (loquat)
1
STONE FRUITS
Prunus avium (cherry), Prunus cerasus (sour cherry), Prunus domestica (plum)
3
Fruits from shrubs
Rubus fruticosus (blackberry), Rubus idaeus (raspberry)
4
Other berries and small fruits
Vaccinum myrtillus (blueberry), Ribes rubrum (red currant), Ribes nigrum (blackcurrant), Ribes grossularia (gooseberry), Vaccinum corymbosum (Northern highbush blueberry), Vaccinum spp.
3
Berries and small fruits from wild plant
Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry)
0
Ficus carica (fig), Diospyros kaki (persimmon), Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)
6
MAIN GROUP
TRADING GROUP
CITRUS FRUITS
BERRIES AND SMALL FRUITS
OTHER FRUITS
11
Minor crops in Italy – vegetables MAIN GROUP
CROPS
N. OF DEMANDING REGIONS
Root and tuber vegetables
Beta vulgaris var. cruenta (beet), Raphanus sativus (radish), Ipomea batatas (sweet potato)
6
Bulb vegetables
Allium sativum (garlic), Allium ascalonicum (shallot)
5
Solanum melongena (aubergine)
3
Cucurbita maxima (pumpkin), Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)
7
Zea mays (sweet corn)
4
Brassica oleracea var. cimosa (broccoli), var. botrytis (cauliflower)
7
Cavoli a testa
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (brussel sprout), var. capitata (cabbage), var. sabauda (savoy cabbage)
4
Cavoli a foglia
Brassica oleracea var. pekinensis (chinese cabbage), var. acephala sabellica and var. gongylodes (koolrabi), other B. oleracea
3
TRADING GROUP
Fruit vegetables
SUB-TRADING GROUP
Solanaceae Cucurbits with non edible peel Sweet maize
VEGETABLES Brassicaceae
Cavoli a infiorescenza
12
Minor crops in Italy – vegetables MAIN GROUP
CROPS
N. OF DEMANDING REGIONS
Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Lepidium sativum (cress), Valerinaella locusta (valerian and corn salad), Cichorium endivia (endive), Cichorium intybus (radicchio, pan di zucchero and witloof), Eruca sativa (rocket)
11
Spinacea oleracea (spinach), Beta vulgaris var. cycla (chard), Brassica rapa (turnip tops), Portulaca spp., others
13
Nasturtium officinale (watercress)
0
Petroselinum sativum (parsley), Ocymum basilicum (basil), Allium schoenoprasum (chives), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), Salvia officinalis (sage), Mentha x piperita (mint), Artemisia dracunculus (terragon), Lavandula spp. (lavander), Borago officinialis (borage), Artemisia pontica (absinthe), Artemisia genepi (genepy), Anthemis nobilis (roman camomile), Origanum vulgare (oregano), Origanum majorana (marjoram), Satureja hortensis (savory), Hyssopus officinalis (hyssop), Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort), Malva silvestris (mallow), Viola odorata, Thymus spp.
11
Legumes
Vicia faba (broad bean)
0
Stem vegetables
Asparagus officinalis (asparagus), Cynara cardunculus var. altilis (cardoon), var. scolymus (artichoke), Apium graveolens (celery), Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Allium porrum (leek)
9
TRADING GROUP Leaf vegetables and herbs
SUB-TRADING GROUP
Salad plants
Spinach and the similar Watercress Fresh herbs
VEGETABLES
13
Minor crops in Italy – flowers MAIN GROUP
CUT FLOWERS AND ORNAMENTAL POTTED PLANTS
CROPS
N. OF DEMANDING REGIONS
All species and cultivars: cyclamen, chrysanthemum, poinsettia, argyranthemum, azalea, aromatics, rose, gerbera, anemonis, ranunculus, carnation, gladiolus, …
5
14
Total regional applications ORNAMENTALS (several species)
ITALIAN REGION
N. OF APPLICATIONS
VALLE D'AOSTA
1
PIEMONTE
11
X
LOMBARDIA
10
X
TRENTO
2
BOLZANO
8
FRIULI V.G.
3
VENETO
7
E. ROMAGNA
14
LIGURIA
5
X
TOSCANA
6
X
UMBRIA
0
MARCHE
6
ABRUZZO
7
LAZIO
9
CAMPANIA
11
CALABRIA
6
BASILICATA
5
MOLISE
0
SICILIA
6
SARDEGNA
0
GLOBAL REGIONAL APPLICATIONS
117
X
5 15
Main pests and diseases GROUP CITRUS FRUITS
NUT FRUITS
CROP
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
Citrus bergamia (bergamot)
Phytophthora spp., Deuterophoma tracheiphila
Castanea sativa (chestnut)
Cydia splendana, Cydia fagiglandana, Curculio elephas
Corylus avellana (hazel)
Curculio nucum, Megaplatypus mutatus, Operophtera brumata, leafeating Lepidoptera
Pistacia vera (pistachio) POME FRUTS
STONE FRUITS
weeds, Cytospora terebinti, Teleiodes decorella, cochineal
Eriobotrya japonica (loquat)
Fusicladium eriobotryae
Prunus avium (cherry)
Cochineal (Comstockaspis perniciosa, Lepidosaphes ulmi), Megaplatypus mutatus
Prunus cerasus (sour cherry)
Aphids (Myzus cerasi)
Prunus domestica (plum)
Cydia funebrana, Argyrotaenia pulchellana
16
Main pests and diseases GROUP
CROP
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
BERRIES AND SMALL FRUITS
Fruits from shrubs
Rubus fruticosus (blackberry), Rubus idaeus (raspberry)
Vaccinum myrtillus (blueberry) Other berries and small fruits
OTHER FRUITS
Elsinoe veneta, Botrytis cinerea, Didymella applanata, Phytophtora fragariae var. rubi, Kunkelia nitens, Amphorophora idaei, Anthonomus signatus, Phyllocoptes o Eriophyes gracilis Colletothrichum acutatum, Botrytis cinerea,Conistra vaccinii, aphids
Ribes rubrum (red currant), Ribes nigrum (blackcurrant), Ribes grossularia (gooseberry)
weeds, Podosphaera mors-uvae, Puccinia ribesii, Botrytis cinerea, Gloesporium ribes, Septoria ribes, Sesia tipuliformi, cochineal
Vaccinum corymbosum (Northern highbush blueberry)
weeds, Colletothrichum acutatum, Botrytis cinerea, Phitophthora cinnamomi, Otiorhynchus sulcatus
Ficus carica (fig)
cochineal
Diospyros kaki (persimmon)
Synanthedon tipuliformis, Eulecanium corni, Ceratitis capitata
Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)
Ceratitis capitata
17
Main pests and diseases GROUP
CROP
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
BERRIES AND SMALL FRUITS
Fruits from shrubs
Rubus fruticosus (blackberry), Rubus idaeus (raspberry)
Vaccinum myrtillus (blueberry)
Other berries and small fruits
OTHER FRUITS
Elsinoe veneta, Botrytis cinerea, Didymella applanata, Phytophtora fragariae var. rubi, Kunkelia nitens, Amphorophora idaei, Anthonomus signatus, Phyllocoptes o Eriophyes gracilis Colletothrichum acutatum, Botrytis cinerea,Conistra vaccinii, aphids
Ribes rubrum (red currant), Ribes nigrum (blackcurrant), Ribes grossularia (gooseberry)
weeds, Podosphaera mors-uvae, Puccinia ribesii, Botrytis cinerea, Gloesporium ribes, Septoria ribes, Sesia tipuliformi, cochineal
Vaccinum corymbosum (Northern highbush blueberry)
weeds, Colletothrichum acutatum, Botrytis cinerea, Phitophthora cinnamomi, Otiorhynchus sulcatus
Ficus carica (fig)
cochineal
Diospyros kaki (persimmon)
Synanthedon tipuliformis, Eulecanium corni, Ceratitis capitata
Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)
Ceratitis capitata
18
Main pests and diseases GROUP
CROP
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
VEGETABLES
Root and tuber vegetables
Beta vulgaris var. cruenta (beet)
weeds, Cercospora beticola, aphids (Aphis fabae, Myzus persicae), Pegomya betae, Noctuidae, Chaetocnema tibialis
Raphanus sativus (radish)
Phyllotreta spp.
Ipomea batatas (sweet potato)
Tetranychus urticae, Elateridae
Allium sativum (garlic)
Delia platura, Peronospora destructor, Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp., Puccinia spp.
Allium ascalonicum (shallot)
weeds, Botrytis cinerea, Peronospora destructor
Bulb vegetables
Fruit vegetables Solanaceae Solanum melongena (aubergine)
Phytophtora capsici
19
Main pests and diseases GROUP
CROP
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
Cucurbita maxima (pumpkin)
antrachnose, Rizoctonia, Pytium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Erysiphe cichoriacearum, aphids
Cucurbits with non edible peel Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)
aphids, mites
Brassicaceae
Brassica oleracea var. cimosa (broccoli), var. botrytis (cauliflower)
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (brussel sprout), var. capitata (cabbage), var. sabauda (savoy cabbage), Brassica oleracea var. pekinensis (chinese cabbage), var. acephala sabellica and var. gongylodes (koolrabi), other B. oleracea
Alternaria brassicae, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sclerotinia spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Phoma lingam, Peronospora brassicae, Peronospora parassitica, Myzus persicae, Brevicoryne brassicae, Mamestra brassicae, Mamestra oleracea, Pieris brassicae, Phyllotreta spp., Baris spp., Ceuthorrhyncus spp., Delia radicum Alternaria brassicae, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sclerotinia spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Phoma lingam, Peronospora brassicae, Peronospora parassitica, Myzus persicae, Brevicoryne brassicae, Baris spp., Ceuthorrhyncus spp., Delia radicum
20
Main pests and diseases GROUP
CROP
Salad plants
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
Sclerotinia spp., Botrytis cinerea, Pythium spp., Phoma spp., Peronosporaceae, Rhizoctonia spp., aphids
Leaf vegetables and herbs Botrytis cinerea, Peronospora farinosa, aphids, Nottuidae Spinacea oleracea (spinach)
Beta vulgaris var. cycla (chard), Brassica rapa (turnip tops)
Cercospora beticola, Peronospora farinosa, Phoma betae, Aphis fabae e Myzus persicae, Nottuidae, Chaetocnema tibialis, Pegomya betae, thrips tabaci
21
Main pests and diseases GROUP
Fresh herbs
CROP
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
Petroselinum sativum (parsley)
weeds, Cercospora beticola, aphids and other insects
Ocymum basilicum (basil)
weeds, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis squamosa, Peronospora spp, Sclerotinia spp., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. basilici, Lyriomiza spp., Nottuidae, Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Frankliniella occidentalis
Allium schoenoprasum (chives)
Peronospora spp.,Cicadellidae
Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary)
Sphaeroteca fuliginea, Tetranychus urticae, aphids, Cicadellidae
Salvia officinalis (sage)
Peronospora spp., Oidium spp., Pytium spp., Botrytis cinerea, aphids, Cicadellidae
Mentha x piperita (mint)
Puccinia menthae, Aphis menthae
Thymus spp
Oidium spp. aphides, Cicadellidae
Lavandula spp. (lavander)
Phytiphtora nicotianae, aphids, thrips
Borago officinialis (borage)
Erysiphe horridula, Entyloma serotinum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, aphids
Origanum vulgare (oregano), Origanum majorana (marjoram), Satureja hortensis (savory), Hyssopus officinalis (hyssop
weeds, Cicadellidae
Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort)
aphids, Nottuidae
Other fresh herbs
weed, Nottuidae, aphids, Cicadellidae 22
Main pests and diseases GROUP
Legumes
Stem vegetables
CROP
Vicia faba (broad bean)
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
weeds, Uromyces fabae, Aphis fabae
Asparagus officinalis (asparagus)
Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia asparagi, Puccinia asparagi, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asparagi, Platyparea poeciloptera
Cynara cardunculus var. altilis (cardoon)
Hydroecia xanthenes, Brachycaudus cardui
Apium graveolens (celery)
Sclerotinia spp., Liriomyza huidobrensis, aphids, Nottuidae, Tetranychus urticae, Septoria apiicola, Cercospora apii, Pithium spp., Rhizoctonia solani
Foeniculum vulgare (fennel)
Erysiphe umbelliferarum, Phytophtora syringae, Plasmopara nivea,Sclerotinia spp., Erwinia carotovora subsp. Carotovora, Nottuidae, Dysaphis spp.
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (artichoke)
Gortyna xanthenes, Depressaria erinaceella, aphids, Sclerotinia spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Leveillula taurica, Bremia lactucae
Allium porrum (leek)
Puccinia porri, Puccinia allii, Alternaria porri, Hylemia antiqua, Trips tabaci
23
Main pests and diseases GROUP
OILSEED
CROP
Sinapis spp. (mustard) Capparis spinosa (caper)
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
Alternaria spp. Capparimya savastanoi, Bagrada hilaris, Asphondylia gennadii
SPICES Crocus sativus (saffron)
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Gladioli
Sorghum vulgare (grain sorghum)
weeds
Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat)
weeds, Nottuidae
GRAINS
24
Main pests and diseases GROUP
CUT FLOWERS AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
CROP
cyclamen, chrysanthemum, poinsettia, argyranthemum, azalea, aromatics, rose, gerbera, anemonis, ranunculus, carnation, gladiolus, …
MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES
Alternaria spp., Antrachnose agents, Aphids, Botrytis spp., Cicadellidae, Cochineal, Colletothrichum spp., Elateridae, Frankliniella occidentalis, Fusarium oxysporum f. spp., Lyriomiza spp., Mites, Noctuidae, Oidium spp., Otiorhynchus sulcatus, Peronosporaceae, Phoma spp., Phytophthora spp., Puccinia spp., Pytium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Several bacteria, Tetranychus urticae, Thrips, weeds, nematodes
Ornamental crops: critical points - offer differentiation - continuous product innovation (new varieties) - process innovation (soilless, shorter cycle) - introduction of organic production (plant-substrate-pot system) - reference to the territory (consumer needs) - low-value crops - large numbers (production economies, high crop density) - high market penetration - limited commitment of capital -“Vegetables” as ornamentals - rosemary - sage - thymus -…
25
The reduction of registered chemicals on ornamentals
Category total eliminated within 2011/12 not marketed for conventional agriculture for organic agriculture not or rarely used … fitotoxicity? … efficacy? … specific authorization?
a.i 120 9 5 70 20 16
% 8 4 58 17 13
Specific authorization on ornamentals in Italy
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Label indication Flower crops and ornamentals Flowers and nurseries Flowers and ornamentals Garden plants and flowers Flower crops (Rose, Carnation, Gladiolus, Chrysanthemum) and ornamentals Ornamentals (Carnation, chrysanthemum, azalea, cyclamen) Floriculture Flowers Rose and ornamental plants Ornamentals and flower species + several authorization on specific crops (i.e. ruscus, rose, carnation, …)
… comments?
The reduction of registered chemicals on “fresh herbs and aromatics”
80 70
Regional and national financial support
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1991
1994
1998
2001
sweet basil
2004 rosemary
2007
2010
The “performances” required to pesticides for ornamentals Cooperation with growing techniques aimed to reduce the crops stay in field High selectivity and high efficacy Simple application (including irrigation) Very low residues (for fruits, vegetables and "aromatic crops“)
Consequences of the reduction of authorized chemicals on minor crops - improper use - diffusion of “miraculous” or "homeopathic“ products with unspecified a. i., concentration, and unclear definition (pesticide or fertilizer, or …?) - products with no efficacy studies - products without any risk assessment studies (residues, operator’s exposure, …)
TENTATIVE OF ORDER OF PRIORITY Chemicals 1. Soil fumigants, Fungicides, Nematicides 2. Growt regulators, Erbicides, 3. Acaricides, Insecticides
1 2
3
Pathogen’s diffusion To control pathogen diffusion could be effective: -
Reduction of access points – EU-27 territory and national level – of propagative material, in order to increase the "sensitivity" of the control system;
-
Increased monitoring plant health, to identify emerging problems before their spread;
-
Strengthen the Community legislation on plant health, to increase the level of safety and quality of propagative material;
Since propagative material is crucial, it is also important: -
To encourage high quality standards for the propagative material;
-
To provide solutions for unexpected phytosanitary risks (eg. stop of new plants, limitation of the plant trade, plant destruction, …). 30
The pesticide registration procedure in Italy
Workgroups
Min. Agriculture Min. Health
Group 2. Evaluation of a.i. known in the EU since 1993
Group 3. National reviews and technical adjustments after inclusion in Annex 1
Group 6. Technical evaluation of plant protection products already authorized
Regional technicians
Local contacts and policy
Proposals from industry
Group 4. Residues of a.i. and control on uses
Group 5. Organic products
Grower’s needs
Official trials evaluation
Environmental effects Efficacy
Use authorization
Residues
Test centers
Group 1. Evaluation of new a.i.
“Green table” coordination
REG 396/2005/CE - REG 1107/2009/CE
31
Case-study on ornamentals: proposals for a strategic approach a. unify the nomenclature indicating the uses of pesticides on flower species (eg, "plant species used as ornamental") possibly enriching the description by additional information if necessary (eg "only in the open field", "bulbous"; ...),
Label indication 1
Colture floreali e ornamentali
2
Fiori e vivai in campo
3
Fiori ed ornamentali
4
Piante ornamentali e da fiore
5
Colture Floreali (Rosa, Garofano, Gladiolo, Crisantemo) e Ornamentali
6
Ornamentali (garofano, crisantemo, azalea, ciclamino)
7
Floricoltura
8
Fiori
9
Rosa e piante ornamentali
10
Ornamentali e floricole
11
autorizzazioni su singole specie
b. clearly identify the uses for ornamental crops grown “outside the agriculture” (eg Public landscaping); c. develop a fast track that enables to register, through a simplified process, the products classified as eligible for organic farming, or those already listed as "no residue" (eg sulfur); d. simplify the registration process of a.i. already licensed for use in food and/or feed plants;
Case-study on ornamentals: proposals for a strategic approach: e. identify plants as ornamental or food species (eg, rosemary, sage, Hibiscus, Calendula, …), specifying the market destination (e.g. Salvia officinalis and Salvia gregii, avoiding general instructions such as "Sage“) f.
limit the products choice to a.i. that passed the present revision phase;
g. open a discussion table with the agrochemical industry; h. identify a limited group of species on which to perform assays of efficacy and phytotoxicity; i.
setup a detailed description of the risks of phytotoxicity to protect both the industry and the farmer (Disclaimer) for use of pesticides on untested genera, species and cultivars;
j.
disseminate the obtained results, to inform farmers about the revisions of labels;
k. encourage greater coordination between the different production areas of EU, in order to avoid situations that distort competition in terms of pesticides use for the same plants (i.e. authorized a.i. In Italy and in Germany)
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Financial opportunities To create a “team” between EU Partners setting up strategies for 1. problem solving 2. Financial opportunities discovering a. VII FRAMEWORK PROGRAM b. LIFE + c. INTERREG ALCOTRA d. INTERREG ALPINE SPACE e. INTERREG MARITIME f. … g. COOPERATION WITH NATIONAL/REGIONAL PROGRAMS Italy: OIGA/MIPAAF programs, RURAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN – CAP financial opportunities
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GRAZIE PER L’ATTENZIONE