Idea Transcript
IJIRST –International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 2 | Issue 11 | April 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-6010
Modification of Solar Grass Cutting Machine Praful P. Ulhe Professor (Guide) Department of Mechanical Engineering J.D. College of Engineering & Management Nagpur
Manish D. Inwate Student Department of Mechanical Engineering J.D. College of Engineering & Management Nagpur
Fried D. Wankhede Student Department of Mechanical Engineering J.D. College of Engineering & Management Nagpur
Krushnkumar S. Dhakte Student Department of Mechanical Engineering J.D. College of Engineering & Management Nagpur
Abstract A Solar grass cutter is a machine that uses spiral roller blades to cut a lawn at a faster rate. Solar grass cutter can operate manually and motor driven. Reel cutter of the grass cutter is given adjustable height. Even more sophisticated devices are there in every field. Power consumption becomes essential for future. Solar grass cutter is a very useful device which is very simple in construction. It is used to maintain and upkeep lawns in gardens, schools, college’s etc. We have made some changes in the existing machine to make its application easier at reduced cost. Our main aim in pollution control is attained through this .we added remote control for unskilled person can operate easily and maintain the lawn very fine and uniform surface look. In our project, solar grass cutter is used to cut the different grasses for the different application. Keywords: Gearing Mechanism, Spiral Roller Blades, RF Module, Solar Panels, Adjustment Of Mower, Solar Operated _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ I.
INTRODUCTION
Cutting grass cannot be easily accomplished by elders younger. Grass cutter moving with engine create noise pollution due to the loud engine, and local air pollution due to the combustion in the engine. Also, a motor powered engine requires periodic maintenance such as changing the engine oil. Even though solar grass cutter are environmentally friendly, they too can be an inconvenience. Along with motor powered grass cutter, grass cutters are also hazardous and cannot be easily used by all so we made the grass cutter easy to operate by using remote control Also, the electric grass cutter is manually operates . These grass cutter will also be will be charged from sun by using solar panels. It is also charging when work is going on. These grass cutter is having an AC charging also. These grass cutter is having spiral cutting blade to increase cutting efficiency. It can be operate manually or motor driven when motor driven it has a remote control. Grass cutter is having collecting box to collect cut grass so cut grass is put outside the lawn, ground, etc. II. LITERATURE REVIEW A Solar grass cutter is a machine that uses sliding blades to cut a lawn at an even length. Even more sophisticated devices are there in every field. Power consumption becomes essential for future. Solar grass cutter is a very useful device which is very simple in construction. It is used to maintain and upkeep lawns in gardens, schools, colleges etc. Rapid growth of various high-tech tools and equipment’s makes our jobs done comfortable and sophisticated. The project aims at fabricating a grass cutting machine system which makes the grass cutter based motor running through solar energy. Power plays a great role wherever man lives and works. The cutting mechanism is made of a flat blade rigidly fixed to the frame behind the spiral arrangement which is configured to contact at least one reel bar of the spiral blades during the rotation of the spiral mechanism .The cutting effectiveness was achieved with a total power of 934.3watts at a rotary speed of 1500rpm of shaft. For designing of Automatic Lawn Cutter we referred various literature, papers etc. The review of previous method used given below: In this lawn mower uses an solar based energy source, which is easier to use, more advantageous comparing to other energy source especially for gas based source of power .But our lawn cutter is not based on solar because of its cost and may create some complexity during working. So we avoided solar powered lawn mower. In this hydrogen based lawn mower, the advantage of powering a lawn mower by hydrogen rather than by gasoline is mainly ecological. We not used this for our lawn cutter because it is very old method and many overcome produced from this type lawn cutter. The self- powered design objective is to come up with a mower that is portable, durable, easy to operate and maintain. It also aims to design a self-powered mower of electrical source; a cordless electric lawn mower. The heart of the machine is a battery-powered dc electric motor. It is also useful method for our lawn mower. It is similar to our lawn cutter using display and keypad. The present technology commonly used for trimming the grass is by using the manually handle device. In this project we have automated the machine for trimming the grass.
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Modification of Solar Grass Cutting Machine (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 124)
III. METHODOLOGY
Fig. 1: Gearing Mechanism
These grass cutter convert the solar energy into electrical energy by using solar panel. If battery (12v) is discharged then it can be charged by using AC supply. These electrical energy then stored in battery. These battery is then connected to RF module and RF module is connected to both DC motor. RF module is having a function to supply the electricity to motors by using relays. RF module receive signal through controller and RF module supply electricity according to that motor. Then these motor is connected to wheel by gearing mechanism and wheel rotates. Due to wheel rotation the spiral cutter through gearing mechanism the spiral cutter also rotates. Due to these rotation of cutter the grass is cut and collected in collecting box. IV. SOLAR PANEL A solar panel is a set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure. A photovoltaic module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells. The solar panel can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications. Each module is rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions (STC), and typically ranges from 100 to 320 watts. The efficiency of a module determines the area of a module given the same rated output - an 8% efficient 230 watt module will have twice the area of a 16% efficient 230 watt module. A single solar module can produce only a limited amount of power; most installations contain multiple modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes a panel or an array of solar modules, an inverter, and sometimes a battery and solar tracker and interconnection wiring. Polycrystalline PV cells connected in a solar module. Solar modules use light energy (photons) from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
Fig. 2: Solar Panel
The majority of modules use wafer-based crystalline silicon cells or thin-film cells based on cadmium telluride or silicon. The structural (load carrying) member of a module can either be the top layer or the back layer. Cells must also be protected from mechanical damage and moisture. Most solar modules are rigid, but semi-flexible ones are available, based on thin-film cells.
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Modification of Solar Grass Cutting Machine (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 124)
V. PHOTOVOLTAIC PRINCIPLE The photo- voltaic effect can be observed in nature in a variety of materials that have shown that the best performance in sunlight is the semiconductors as stated above. When photons from the sun are absorbed in a semiconductor, that create free electrons with higher energies than the created there must be an electric field to induce these higher energy electrons to flow out of the semiconductor to do useful work. A junction of materials, which have different electrical properties, provides the electric field in most solar cells for the photon interaction in a semiconductor.
Fig. 3: Photovoltaic Principles
Solar photovoltaic cells are essentially semi-conductors, which have electrical transmission properties like metal or salt water and insulators like rubber. Panels are constructed with sheets of doped silicon, primary element in beach sand with impurities added like phosphorus that allows electrons to flow. When the protons from the solar energy hit a photovoltaic cell, a flow of electrons starts which can be drawn off by a pair of wires, thereby creating direct current. A number of solar cells electrically connected to each other and mounted in a support structure or frame is called a photovoltaic module. Modules are designed to supply electricity at a certain voltage. The current produced is directly dependent on how much light strikes the module. VI. RF MODULE WITH CONTROLLER An RF module (radio frequency module) is a (usually) small electronic device used to transmit and receive radio signals between two devices. In an embedded system it is often desirable to communicate with another device wirelessly. This wireless communication may be accomplished through optical communication or through radio frequency (RF) communication. For many applications the medium of choice is RF since it does not require line of sight. RF communications incorporate a transmitter and receiver. RF modules are most often used in medium and low volume products for consumer applications such as garage door openers, wireless alarm systems, industrial remote controls, smart sensor applications, and wireless home automation systems. Several carrier frequencies are commonly used in commercially-available RF modules, including those in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands such as 433.92 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2400 MHz these frequencies are used because of national and international regulations governing the use of radio for communication. Short Range Devices may also use frequencies available for unlicensed such as 315 MHz and 868 MHz RF modules may comply with a defined protocol for RF communications such as Zigbee, Bluetooth low energy, or Wi-Fi, or they may implement a proprietary protocol.
Fig. 4: RF Module
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Modification of Solar Grass Cutting Machine (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 124)
VII. CONCLUSION Our project entitled Fabrication and modification of solar powered grass cutter is successfully completed and the results obtained are satisfactory. It will be easier for the people who are going to take the project for the further modifications. We are successfully done manually as well as motor driven in a grass cutter .As we want remote operated system is also implemented due safer and easy for the working. And the spiral blade gives the cutting efficiency more and the collecting of grass cutter is done easily. These grass cutter is light weight and space is less occupied .as it is solar powered the running cost is zero. The cost of the system is low as compare to the market grass cutter. REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
D. Mukherjee, S. Chakrabarti, Fundamentals of renewable energy systems , New Age international limited publishers, New Delhi, 2005. P. Amrutesh, Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9 (Version 3), September 2014. Pratik Patil, Ashwini Bhosale, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering , and applications ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4, Issue 11, November 2014. P. M Madhav, H.B. Bhaskar, novateur publications international journal of innovations in engineering research and technology [ijiert] ISSN: 2394-3696 volume 2, issue 2 Feb. -2015. S.O. Nkakini, B.E. Yabefa, European International Journal of Science and Technology, ISSN: 2304-9693, Vol. 3, No. 4 May-2014.
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