How does factor growth affect international trade and welfare of trading countries? Production: Labor and capital growth may increase the output of both the exportable and the importable by the same rate. This kind of growth is called neutral growth.
In the context of the HeckscherâOhlin model of international trade, open trade between two regions often leads to changes in relative factor supplies between the regions. This can lead to an adjustment in the quantities and types of outputs between
Norton’s Theorem Procedure • Identify and remove the load • Short the load terminals and calculate IN (ISC) • Remove all sources by replacing: – voltage sources with a short – current sources with an open – If the source has an internal resistance, keep the resistance in the circuit
• Look in the load terminals and calculate RN • Create a parallel circuit consisting of IN, RN, and the load • Calculate the load current or voltage as desired
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Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 1
Identify Load RL
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Norton Example 1
Remove RL Short the load terminals Calculate ISC 2 February 2005
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2
Norton's Theorem
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Solution for IN
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Norton Example 1
Remove Sources Calculate RN
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3
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 1
Remove Sources Calculate RN 2 February 2005
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Norton Solution for IL
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Norton's Theorem
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Norton Solution for IL
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Norton Example 2
Identify Load RL
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5
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 2
Remove RL Short the load terminals Calculate ISC1 2 February 2005
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Norton Example 2
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6
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 2
Remove RL Short the load terminals Calculate ISC2 2 February 2005
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Norton Example 2
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7
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 2
Remove Sources Calculate RN 2 February 2005
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Norton Example 2
IN = ISC1 + ISC2 Calculate VL or IL
⎛ RN ⎞ I L = IN ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ RN +RL ⎠ 2 February 2005
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8
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 2
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Norton Example 2
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9
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 3
Identify Load RL 2 February 2005
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Norton Example 3
Remove RL Short the load terminals and Calculate IN1 2 February 2005
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10
Norton's Theorem
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Norton Example 3
Remove RL Short the load terminals and Calculate IN2 2 February 2005