Idea Transcript
U.K.ANANTHAPADMANABHAN PRESI DENT
Energy Audit, Energy Efficiency and use of renewable energy sources in a large hospital
KOVAI MEDI CAL CENTER & HOSPI TAL & COI MBATORE MANAGEMENT ASSOCI ATI ON.
Case study in 500 bed Kovai M edical center and Hospital, Coimbatore
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Power Generation in India National level Perspective on Power management
n
The total installed capacity in the country is 1,62,000 MW.
n
Supply Demand gap is 14% in India. Government of India has planned to add 78000 MW of power by March 2012.
A Need for Macro level Audit !!!
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Power Generated – How does it flow? Where does it go? Generating Station
National Level Statistics-T&D n
India has the reputation o f h aving the highest distribution losses in the world with a figure o f nearly 47%, ranking ab ove Burm a with 36 % losses and Bangladesh at 33 %.
n
How do we bring thes e losses down an d becom e an energy surplus Nation?
100 units Transmission System – 4% losses 96 units Unavoidab le Distribution Losses - 15% 82 units Pilferage -35% losses 29 units
Billed to consumer – 53 units 20% loss Energy usefully consumed – 42 units (max.)
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Need for Energy Audit in Hospitals
Pilferage of Electricity in India n
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Pilferag e (Power theft ) in India is responsible for the disappearan ce o f 29 % o f electri city generat ed. In energy terms this amounts to 613.87 million units/day.
n
75% o f the world’s energy is consumed by 20 mega cities around the world
n
40% o f that in consumed by the buildings Increasing occupanci es by not giving everybody dedi cat ed spaces Good energy, occupan cy, safety/security – manag ement with state o f the art techn ology can provid e 30% increase in effici ency
n n
*Report by W im El fri nk, C ISCO, C hief Globa lizati on O ffice r in “T he T imes o f I ndia” o n 10th J uly, 2 010 7
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Distribution of the energy use in Buildings over the life cycle (5 phases)
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Name of Energy
Energy U sage
Emb o d ied En ergy
Manufacturing building materials and components
Grey Energy
Tran sport o f materia ls fro m p ro du ctio n p lan ts to b u ild in g site
Induced Energy
Actual Construction
Op eratio n En erg y
During operation
Demo litio nRecy cl in g En erg y
Demo lition process of buildings as well as in the recyc ling of th eir p arts
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Basic Principles in Energy Management n n n
Anything that is not measurable or measured can not be controlled . Saving of energy costs directly results in Higher profitability of organization Energy savings emanate from Attitudinal change, Knowledge and innovation 11
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Soaring tower brick tiled magic,Qutab Minar.Started by Qutub-ud-Din Aibak but was Completed by his Son-in-law Iltutmish and Further By Firoz Shah Tughlak. 237.8ft / 1193AD
Built by MughalEmperor Shah Jahan 1632 -1653 and employed 20000 artisans and craftsmen and 1000 elephants
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Hospital Buildings
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EXG + PRO FULL PLAN
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Hospital Facilities
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KMCH ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION REPORT S C NO : 1 7 2 YEAR
MONTH
Energy Consumption
PERMITTED MD : 7 5 0 KVA 2 00 5 -- 2 00 6
CON ( KWH )
MAX.DEM ( KVA )
TARIFF : III
2 0 06 -- 20 0 7
PF
CON ( KWH )
MAX.DEM ( KVA )
APRIL - 2 0 07 TO DECEMBER - 2 0 0 7
PF
CON ( KWH )
MAX.DEM ( KVA )
PF
APR
2 3 07 0 0
558
0 .9 7
2 6 46 7 2
668
0 .9 7
2 9 28 3 6
666
0 .9 7
MAY
2 3 99 1 6
588
0 .9 7
2 7 86 6 4
644
0 .9 7
2 6 91 3 6
713
0 .9 7
J UN
2 3 36 8 8
596
0 .9 7
2 6 04 1 2
649
0 .9 7
2 7 60 6 0
724
0 .9 7
J UL
2 2 24 3 2
516
0 .9 8
2 6 99 6 4
646
0 .9 7
2 8 05 8 4
694
0 .9 7
AUG
2 3 43 9 6
514
0 .9 8
2 6 37 6 0
664
0 .9 7
2 8 95 6 0
709
0 .9 7
S EP
2 4 18 8 4
523
0 .9 8
2 5 80 0 0
595
0 .9 7
3 0 66 4 8
674
0 .9 7
OCT
2 3 03 1 6
521
0 .9 8
2 5 27 9 2
630
0 .9 7
2 7 79 3 2
731
0 .9 7
NOV
2 3 20 4 4
476
0 .9 7
2 5 99 3 2
640
0 .9 8
2 5 75 9 2
638
0 .9 7
DEC
2 2 42 4 4
505
0 .9 7
2 4 53 4 0
623
0 .9 8
2 39 8 38
675
0 .9 8
J AN
2 2 78 0 8
512
0 .9 7
2 4 78 1 2
617
0 .9 7
2 4 71 0 4
504
0 .9 8
2 6 22 9 6
642
0 .9 7
2 3 98 5 6
600
0 .9 7
2 5 78 0 8
637
0 .9 7
638
0.971
691
0.971
FEB MAR TOTAL
2 8 04 3 88
AVG
2,33700
3 1 21 4 52
535
0.974
2,60120
2 4 90 1 86
2,76687
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MONTHLY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION DETAILS OF HOSPITALS IN INDIA Pe r.Sq ft Ele . Cha rge
Pe r. Be d Unit Con
700
4 .9 3
860
6 5 .2 9
2300
1 6 .0 5
1 8 .3
630
4 .3 0
570
3450
152126
9 .1 3
360
2 .5 5
380
2280
280000
1 6 .8 0
672
5 .5 8
510
3050
325000
300000
1 8 .0 0
1000
5 .5 4
860
5140
711
127000
95000
5 .7 0
204
4 .4 9
240
1420
550
650
320000
130000
7 .8 0
510
2 .4 4
240
1420
Ara v ind Ey e Hos pita l, M a dura i
285
1068
121900
108000
6 .4 8
350
5 .3 2
380
2270
J os e ph Ey e Hos pita l, Tric hy
300
250
130000
40000
2 .4 0
300
1 .8 5
130
800
50
60
5000
10500
0 .6 3
nil
1 2 .6 0
210
1260
M onthly Con (Ele .Units)
Ele c tric ity Cha rg. in La c s
365000
300000
1 8 .0 0
3320
406690
1 0 8 8 2 00
1310
424979
305000
400
1000
358000
550
1591
301091
SPS Apollo Hos pita l, Ludhia na
350
1100
Ka v e ry M e dic a l Ce ntre , Tric hy
400
Ra jiv Ga ndhi M e dic a l Colle ge , The ne
No.of Be ds
Em p
Sq ft Are a
Kov a i M e dica l Ce nte r, Coim ba tore .
350
1200
Apollo Hos pita ls , Che nnai.
585
G.K.N.M Hos pita l, Coim ba tore
530
Ga nga Hos pita ls , Coim ba tore.
M e e na ks hi M is s ion Hos pital, M a durai
Na m e of the Orga nis a tion
Ge e th Ra guna th Hos pits l, Sa le m
M D in KVA
1860
Pe r Be d Cha rge s Rs
Energy Conservation Initiatves
5140
11160
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Energy monitoring Technology up gradation Adapting Newer Technologies Green Building Architecture P aperless Hospital Use of renewable energy sources. Scientific Waste Management P ractices Awareness and Motivation P rogrammes 44
Energy Monitoring System (EMS) Building Monitoring System (BMS)
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Technology Improvement
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Air-conditioning Refrigeration
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Comp ar ativ e st ate m ent of Cent ral AC Pl ant S.No.
Description
New Plant
Old P lant
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Desi n gi n g o f Ma c hi ne
Com pa ct
Mor e S pa ce
2
Cap ac it y of Pl a nt
70 to n s 2 No 's ( 4 5 La kh s)
80 to n 1 N o' s, 40 to n 2 N o' s
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Op er r ati n g C os t
Dep e nd in g o n l oa d
Co ns ta nt
Use Compact Florescent Lamps (CFL), T5 Bulbs and LED lighting
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Co ntr ol
PLC ba se d
Pne um a ti c
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Elec tr ic al P ow er
75 K W 2 N o's
75 K W 1 N o, 37. 5 KW 2 No' s
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Com pr es s or T yp e
Scr ew Com pr e ss or
Op en T y pe R ec ipr oc at in g C om pr e ss or
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Effi cie n cy
Hig h
8
Pow er s avi n g
(sa vi n g 8% )
60 U ni ts /Hr
9
Savi n g Per M on t h
Rs.2 4, 00 0
-
10
Savi n g Per Y ear
Rs. 2,8 8, 00 0
-
Nor m al
50 U ni ts /Hr
75
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POWER SAVING IN MERIAN STREET LIGHTING TO TAL NUMBER LIGHT FITTINGS = 2 2 NOS
S.NO.
DESCRI PTI ON
MN-L 160 W LAMP
CFL LAMP
1
POWER CONSUM PTION PER LAM P TOTAL CONSUM PTION ( 160*22) / 1000 TOTAL CONSUM PTION ( 45*22) / 1000
160 WATTS 3.520 KWH
45 WATTS 0.99 KWH
2
UNITS PER DAY AT 12 HOURS
42.24 KWH
11.88 KWH
3
UNITS PER M ONTH
1267.20 KWH
356.40 KWH
4
COST PER M ONTH
RS. 8870.40
RS. 2494.80
5
YEARLY SAVING
DETAI LS OF SAVI NG
RS.6375.60 RS.76,507.20
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80
Power factor improvement
INSTALLATION OF APFC PANEL KMCH Electrical Monthly Billing RS. 15,00,000 /-. Cost of APFC panel = 1.5 lacs S.NO
PF
% O F I NCENTI V FOR ENERG Y CONS UM PTI ON.
SAVI NG AMOUNT I N RS
1
0.96
0.5
7,500
2
0.97
1
15,000
3
0.98
1.5
22,500
4
0.99
2
30,000
5
1
2.5
37,500
Static Capacito r Bank = 3 00 KVAR Va riable (APFC) Ca pa cito r Ba nk =50 KVAR
REMARK S
Incentiv e > 0 .95 PF Penalty < 0.90 PF 81
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300 KVA Coolite energy Saver equipment at KMCH
Energy Saver Equipment
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300 KV A Coolite Energy Saver equipment at KMCH connected to lighting load for minimum 10 % saving
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By pa ss M od e 12% S avi n gs m o de
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20% sa vi ng s Mo d e
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Data Ce ntre S ol uti on: Sc al ab le IT C oo li ng S ol uti ons Gre en Da ta C ent er s Solutions
Coo lin g HD
Facts and features of LCP Smart: +
Cooli ng ou tp ut u p t o 20 kW p er r ack
+ +
High av aila bility for e nclo su res with hi gh l oa ds Access -p ro tec ted b eca us e co olin g an d r ack ar e sep ar ate d
NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Š Save s tim e b y .. . • Less ti me re qui re d f or se rvice a nd m aint en anc e $
Save s co st b y .. . • Using e ner gy -e ffi ci en t EC fa n te c hn ol o gy • Being e ne rgy -ef ficie nt du e t o t he hig h w ate r i nlet tem pe ra tu re • Provi din g t he opti on of hi gh -de nsit y c ooli ng witho ut rai se d flo or • Ind ep en de nt o f r oo m te mp er atu re . • Small fo ot pri nt.
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Use of Energy Rated Equipment
NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
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SUN SHINE Map
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potential
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n
India recieves 4 to 7 Kwh of energy per sq.m per day
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The amount of energy received in India soil for a few minutes is adequate for the whole energy consumed by India in one year. 96
PARABOLIC TROUGH TECHNOLOGY
Most established of Concentrating Solar Power technologies in the world.since thermally efficient receiver tubes placed in the trough focal line. n n
n
Heat transfer fluid, runs through these tubes and gets heated up generally to 200 – 400 0C.
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Hot fluid is then passed through a series of heat exchangers to produce steam, to drive a conventional turbine to generate electricity.
n n
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Summary of advantages of pneumatic tube systems in hospitals • Cr iti ca l s am p le s a n d m edi ca ti o ns r eac h
t heir
d es ti na tio n in a s hor t tim e • No s pr ea d of c o nt am i nat e d a ir t hr o u gh t he t ub e sys tem - All stations have an integrate d bypass to avoid, that air is released in st erile-sensitive are as. - The station a nd the fo rwarding tube is not open a t any point within these areas.
PNEUMATIC PIPE LINE SYSTEM
- The in- a nd outlet of the air at the blower is either taken: a) from an air-con dition duct with cleaned air b) throug h HEPA-filters (HEPA = high efficiency particle air filter) • Sec ur e d tr a nsa ct io n f or sa fe ty s en sit iv e go o ds • Sta tis ti cal ev al ua ti o n o f all d es pa tc he s as a st an dar d all o ws f or as si g nm e nt o f c o st s t o di ff er e nt d ep ar tm en ts Incr ea se d eff ici e nc y f or th e i nt er n al lo gis ti c i n a h o sp it al ! !!
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103
Hos pi ta l
Leaked pr oved car r ier
Com pa ny
Ap pli ca ti on
Pr od uc ts
Syst em 102
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107
108
LABORATOR Y MEDICINE
IN PA TIEN T PH ARM ACY
DETAILS OF NUMBER OF DAILY PATI ENT SAM PLE DELI VERI ES BY WARD BOYS/GIRL S:
DETAILS OF NUM B ER OF D AILY IN PATIENT M EDICI NE DELIVERIE S BY WAR D BO YS/GIRLS:
NO. OF PICKUPS/ DAY
NO. OF PICKUPS/ NIGHT
RETURN OF UNUSED M EDICINE
NO. OF PA BOYS/GIRL S IN DAY
NO. OF PA BOYS/GIRL S IN NIGHT
DATE
DAY
0 4 .0 3 .09
WEDNESDA Y
46
66
35
28
20
0 5 .0 3 .09
THURSDA Y
45
59
43
30
22
0 6 .0 3 .09
FRIDAY
53
55
28
29
23
DEPT W ISE NU MBE R O F TI MES MOVE MEN TS PER 2 4 H OURS CLIN ICA L PATH.
BIOCHE MIS TRY
MICR OBI O LO GY
BLO OD BANK
DATE
DAY
05. 03. 09
THURS DAY
94
58
25
16
TO TA L 193
06. 03. 09
FRIDAY
62
42
25
15
144
0 7 .0 3 .09
SATURDAY
48
72
32
28
23
0 8 .0 3 .09
SUNDAY
50
57
36
31
23
07. 03. 09
SATURDAY
57
37
24
13
131
0 9 .0 3 .09
M ONDAY
47
63
37
28
21
08. 03. 09
SUNDAY
86
47
26
17
176
1 0 .0 3 .09
TUESDAY
47
78
42
31
22
48
64
36
29
22
74. 75
46
25
15. 25
161
AVERAGE
NUM BER OF WA RD B OYS A ND GIRLS I NVOLVE D IN TRAN SACTI ONS = 5 1
AVERAGE AVERAGE DAILY TRIPS = 1 4 8
No. O F WA RD B OYS AN D G IR LS SEN T TO LA BOR AT ORY FO R SA MPLE DE LIVERY/ DAI LY = 3 2 PHARM ACY B OYS 6 NOS.= 6 *1 0 = 6 0 TOTAL TRIPS = 2 0 8
109
111
AVERAGE DAI LY VIS ITS = 16 1
110
112
113
114
115
116
Summary of PTS Transactions at KMCH from 19.07.2010 – 27.07.2010
From IP Pharmacy From Surgical Stores From Laboratory Wards to Pharmacy/ Surgical Stores/Lab Total in KMCH
19.07.10
20.07.10
21.07.10
22.07.10
23.07.10
24.07.10
25.07.10
26.07.10
27.07.10
153
153
166
155
135
155
161
153
150
77
80
70
77
65
82
76
61
69
170
270
207
243
254
278
233
216
251
288
386
363
403
352
392
396
342
382
688
889
806
878
806
907
866
772
852
* This d oes n’t i nclu de m or nin g s hift IP -P ha rm acy e mpt y c ont ain er collec te d ( 12 0 Tr ans acti on s) phy sicall y f ro m w ar ds t o red uc e t he con ges tio n a nd qu eui ng in the pi peli ne syst em
Data Collected: 5PM-5PM 117
Summary of PTS Transactions at KMCH from 28.07.2010 – 03.08.2010
118
Full time Chart F ull time Ch art May 31st-Jun e 4th
28.07.10
Total in KMCH
01.08.10
02.08.10
03.08.10
104
99
134
136
138
142
129
26
52
58
88
30
56
44
141
151
172
236
164
216
203
181
227
251
341
286
318
302
452
529
615
801
618
732
678
2 5.0 0 % 2 0.0 0 % 1 5.0 0 % %
1 0.0 0 % 5.0 0 %
Data Collected: 5PM-5PM
* This d oes n’t i nclu de m or nin g s hift IP -P ha rm acy e mpt y c ont ain er collec te d ( 12 0 Tr ans acti on s) phy sicall y f ro m w ar ds t o red uc e t he con ges tio n a nd qu eui ng in the pi peli ne syst em
3.
01 -3 01 -4 4. 01 -5 5. 01 -6 6. 01 -7 7. 01 -8 8. 01 9. 9 01 10 -10 .0 111 11 .0 112 12 .0 113 13 .0 114 14 .0 120
0.0 0 %
2.
Wards to Pharmacy/ Surgical Stores/Lab
31.07.10
01 01 -2
From Laboratory
30.07.10
1.
From Surgical Stores
29.07.10
%
From IP Pharmacy
Time (mins )
Average less than 6 minutes=63.48%
119
120
121
122
Effluent Treatment Plant
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
Biomedical Waste management
131
132
133
134
Details of Paper & Plastic Recy clable waste delievered to ITC Limited Paperboards & Speciality Papers Division, Coimbatore (2009) S.No
Recycling of Paper and Plastic waste
135
Month
Collection Amount (Rs.) PA PER
PLA STIC
1
April
9,017.32
Nil
2
May
12,991.47
Nil
3
June
16,100.87
Nil
4
July
14,317.13
1,808.42
5
Augu st
17,255.06
1,980.85
6
September
17,973.56
1,034.97
7
October
15,518.74
769.81
8
November
13,223.55
1,257.00
9
December
22,198.63
2,380.40
Total Collection (R s.)
1,38,596.33
9,231.45
Average/ mont h
15,399.59
1,025.71
136
Monthwise Details of Paper & Plastic Recyclable waste delievered to ITC Limited Paperboards & Speciality Papers Division, Coimbatore (2010) S.No
Month
Collection Amount (Rs.) PA PER
PLA STIC
1
January
17,702.4
1,743.00
2
February
13,529.24
1,461.00
3
March
22,892.55
1,203.00
4
April
14,254.08
2,973.00
5
May
16,261.18
1,206.50
6
June
11,903.45
1,845.50
Total Collection (R s.)
96,542.90
10,432.00
Average/ mont h
16,090.48
1,738.66
137
138
139
140
Hospital Landscaping
141
142
143
144
Resource center at Vienna , Austria
145
146
147
148
GENE RA L VIEW OF SOLA R POWE R PL ANT
149
150
151
152
Solar form in Spain
Nevada Solar One
A solar farm has opened in Spain during feb 2008 consists of 120,000 solar panels over spread over 247 acres. It also has a peak capacity of 20 megawatts and it can power up to 20,000 homes. It will reduce CO2 emissions by about 42,000 tons a year. The 80-MW San Joaquin Valley Customer Choice Solar Farm, which will be located near Fresno, California, will, at 640 acres, be 17 times the size of the current U.S. titleholder, the 4.6-MW Springerville Generating Station near Tucson, Arizona.
One o f the wo rld's largest solar installation is about to be switched on. The project is called Nev ad a Solar One, and it is projected to gen erat e 64 megawatts, when it is operational. It cov ers 300 acres and contain 760 mirror arrays, each measurin g about 100 meters. The total number of mirrors is approxim ately 184,000. The mirrors direct sunlight on an oil-filled tube. The oil is then used to creat e steam, which turns a turbin e.
153
154
Nature does not belong to man But man belongs to nature !!
155
Niligiri hills in south India
156