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VIRUS DE LA HEPATITIS “B” -. introducciÓn. el vhb es el principal representante de los hepadnavirus. en esta familia se (/xerxes/virus-de-laincluyen otros miembros, como hepatitis-b) los virus de la hepatitis de la marmota, de la ardilla y del pato. estos virus tienen
Global Hepatitis B Vaccines Market 2014-2018 -About hepatitis b vaccines hepatitis b is an inflammatory condition that (/Alexus/global-hepatitis-boccurs due to infection by vaccines-market-2014hepatitis b virus. hepatitis b virus is an enveloped virus that 2018) belongs to the family of hepadnavirus.
Hepatitis A: Epidemiology -. presentation prepared by: david spach, md and nina kim, md last updated: may 31, 2011. hepatitis (/wilmet/hepatitis-aa : epidemiology. incidence data. epidemiology) hepatitis a : epidemiology. acute hepatitis a: 2011 case
Hepatitis B: Epidemiology and Public Health Issues -. perinatal hepatitis b prevention program 2 nd bi-annual state conference (/devona/hepatitis-bmay 11, 2010 austin, texas gary epidemiology-and-publicheseltine md mph epidemiologist - infectious disease control unit. health-issues) chronic
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Phyllanthus niruri and Chronic HEPATITIS B -. anna s. f. lok, md hepatitis B -. nor shahidah university of michigan ann arbor, khairullah 1 ,ismail merican 2 mi. what is hepatitis b?. hepatitis ,munavvar zubaid 3 ,nl phang 4 (/asis/hepatitis-b) b is an infection of the liver (/gisela/phyllanthus-niruri1. institute for medical research, 2 caused by the hepatitis b virus. and-chronic-hepatitis-b) selayang hospital, 3 science how common is hepatitis b?. university of malaysia, 4 nova worldwide 400 million people are laboratories sdn bhd. chronic
Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis B virus infection. Dr Olufunmilayo Lesi Consultant Physician and Gastroenterologist College of Medicine, University of Lagos/LUTH July 2011. Management of Chronic Hepatitis B virus infection. Lesi , Olufunmilayo MBBch , FWACP, FMCP 0 Comments
Sort by Oldest HIV and Hepatitis C Co-Infection -. adap advocacy association 2013 hiv/hcv co-infection adap summit robert l. caldwell, ph.d. a (/lynley/hiv-and-hepatitis-cmedical perspective on hiv/hcv co-infection) co-infection. agenda. general overview of hepatitis c hiv and hepatitis c –
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Entecavir T rade Name: Baraclude -. chronic hepatitis b virus treatment. november 25, 2008 mr. christe a. marbbn. table (/viola/entecavir-t-radeof contents. part i. an overview of name-baraclude) hepatitis b what is hepatitis b? how is hepatitis b transmitted? microbiological
Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults: Comparative Effectiveness -. prepared for: agency for healthcare research (/amish/treatment-forand quality (ahrq) www.ahrq.gov. hepatitis-c-virus-infectionoutline of material. introduction to hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in-adults-comparativeand the
Hepatitis B Virus infection -. ermias d. (md). history. krugman et al (1967) – serum hepatitis/ hb blumberg – au ag; (1976 noble (/oni/hepatitis-b-viruswinner) prince – sh ag … hbsag infection) opened up for rigorous investigations. ethiopian
TIPOS DE HEPATITIS -. hepatitis. la palabra "hepatitis" significa, simplemente, inflamación del hígado, sin (/betha/tipos-de-hepatitis) apuntar a ninguna causa específica. . la hepatitis haya sido provocada por uno de los siguientes tres virus: el
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Unit 5 lesson 2-B -Bacteria infections and how it spreads,. unit 5 lesson 2-b. key terms. infection contagious or (/santo/unit-5-lesson-2-b) communicable disease (p) local infection general infection asymptomatic carrier virus human hepatitis b (hbv ) hepatitis a
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Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis B virus infection (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/epi demiology-of-chronic-hepatitis-b-virusinfection-n.jpg)
Hepatitis C Choices in Care -. overview of hepatitis c virus infection and its effects on the body. douglas labrecque, md, (/shaina/hepatitis-cfacp. the virus. hepatitis c virus. choices-in-care) what is it? what does it look like? what is it made of? how does it get into liver
Uninfected Person -Hbv + hcv exposure . hcv exposure. hbv exposure. uninfected person. hbv chronic infection. hcv chronic (/alden/uninfected-person) infection. superinfection. acute hepatitis and coinfection. fulminant hepatitis. seroconversion . ideal treatment
Dr OlufunmilayoLesi Consultant Physician and Gastroenterologist College of Medicine, University of Lagos/LUTH July 2011
Are HIV and Other Chronic Diseases Models Applicable to Viral Hepatitis? Focus on HCV -. world epidemiology. hcv (/sibyl/are-hiv-and-otherepidemiology. hcv subtype chronic-diseases-modelsdistribution: a mosaic of overlapping sub-epidemics. hiv-1 applicable-to-viral-hepatitissubtypes worldwide. u.s. focus-on-hcv) epidemiology. hcv and
Management of Chronic Hepatitis B virus infection (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/ma nagement-of-chronic-hepatitis-b-virusinfection-n.jpg) Lesi, Olufunmilayo MBBch, FWACP, FMCP Associate Professor ,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos Consultant Physician/Gastroenterologist, LUTH MARCH 2011
Learning Objectives (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/learningobjectives-n.jpg) What is Hepatitis
Vito Di Marco Gastroenterology Hepatology Department Di.Bi.M.I.S. University of Palermo Italy -Causes of liver damage in (/onslow/vito-di-marcothalassemia patients. . . iron gastroenterologyoverload. virus infection. clinical course of chronic virus related hepatology-department-diliver disease. . acute
Hepatitis B and Hepatitis B Vaccine -Hepatitis b virus infection. more than 350 million chronically infected (/gavin/hepatitis-b-andworldwideestablished cause of hepatitis-b-vaccine) chronic hepatitis and cirrhosishuman
bi-m-i-s-university-ofpalermo-italy)
Mode of transmission Burden of the disease Global Impact of HBVA Significant Cause of Worldwide (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/slide4-n.jpg) Morbidity and Mortality
Hepatitis B Virus -. historical background. only human and chimpanzee-parenteraly s protein of hbv 1963 b.s. blumberg (/merton/hepatitis-b-virus) d.s. dane – 42nm endogenous dna polymerase activity 4. 1979 – cloning and sequencing s, c, p, x 5. chronic
>2 billion have been infected1 4 million acute cases per year1 1 million deaths per year1 350 million chronic carriers1 25% of carriers die from severe liver disease like chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer1 2nd most important carcinogen behind tobacco3 Causes 60%–80% of all primary liver cancer1 1. WHO. Hepatitis B. 2002. 2. Maynard JE, et al. In: Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc. 1988. 3. CDC. Epidemiology & Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. “The Pink Book.” 8th ed. 4. CDC. MMWR. 2001;50:RR-11.
Breakdown of HBV-induced Deaths per Year (Total = 2m) (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/breakdown-of-hbv-induceddeaths-per-year-total-2m-n.jpg)
HBV – a highly contagious virus (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/hbv-a-highly-contagiousvirus-n.jpg) 50–100 times more infectious than HIV Survives outside the body for at least 7 days HBV detectable 30–60 days after infection Virus remains in the body for variable periods of time. Chronic carriers have persistent infection and constitute : enormous reservoir of the virus source of infection for others WHO, 2008 HIV – human immunodeficiency virus
HBV in Nigeria (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/hbv-in-nigerian.jpg) 7.3% -24% have evidence of CURRENT infection (average 13.7%)-19 million Nigerians Chronic carriers may have Decreased life expectancy Reduced quality of life High lifetime costs associated with liver disease management and the consequences of HBV infection Healthcare costs increase with progression of CHB
HBV in Nigeria (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/hbv-innigeria1-n.jpg)
SOUTH WEST (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/south-westn.jpg) Ile-Ife: HBsAg Prevalence Blood Donors (7.3%) General Public (8.8%) (Durosinmi et al, 1991) CLD Patients (70.8%), (Ojo et al, 1998) HCC (61%) (Ndububa et al, 2001 & 2005) Ibadan: HBsAg Prevalence Healthy controls (24%) Lagos: Hospital Staff (surgeons 25.7%, Hospital administrators 15%) (Belo, 2000)
SOUTH EAST (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/south-eastn.jpg) Nsukka: HBsAg rate 9.1%, > 1 HBV marker (66%) > 1 HBV marker by age 40 (87%) Rural population affected more than urban (Amazigo & Chime, 1990)
SOUTH-SOUTH (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/south-southn.jpg) HBsAg Prevalence Rate Benin City, 10.4% (Abiodun et al, 1994 Malnourished children, 27% Day Care children, 20% (Akenami et al, 1997) A & E patients, 29.3% (Halim et al, 2001)
NORTH CENTRAL (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/northcentral-n.jpg) Ilorin: HBsAg Prevalence Rate - General, 23.4% - Blood donors, 21.7% ANC patients, 16% STD patients, 36% (Bada et al, 1996) Zaria: Under 5 years, 40% Adults 30 yrs & above, 10% (Anti-HBs, 62.5%) HBsAg in HCC, 49% (Fakunle et al, 1977 & 1981)
NORTH EAST (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/north-eastn.jpg) Maiduguri: HBsAg in blood donors, 14.9% (Chikwem et al, 1999) Anti-HBc in healthy controls, 84.4% (Gashau & Mohammed, 1991) Jos: HBsAg Prevalence General, 10% - Students, 13% - Traders, 14% (Sirisena et al, 2002)
Who is number 12? (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/wh o-is-number-12-n.jpg) A global disease awareness campaign slogan of the World Hepatitis alliance World Hepatitis Day-July 28
Who is number 8? (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/wh o-is-number-8-n.jpg) Average prevalence rate about 13.7% 19 million Nigerians with current infections population 150,000,000
How do we get hepatitis infection?What social, economic and (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/sli de17-n.jpg) political factors contribute to driving this epidemic? Infection mostly acquired in childhood in Nigeria! (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/infection-mostly-acquired-inchildhood-in-nigeria-n.jpg) Unsafe injections in childhood Child to child transmission Mother to child Infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers Predominant mode of transmission in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa (over 70% of children have markers of infection by age 10yrs) 70-90% of these children will become chronic carriers
Unsafe injection Practices (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/unsafe-injection-practicesn.jpg) 8-12 billion injections are given in healthcare settings around the world annually In developing countries over 50% of these are unsafe Associated with 800,000 HIV infections/y Associated with 10 million with hepatitis infection In Nigeria- native/cultural practices and scarification marks, uvulectomy, manicurs, acupuncture etc Global annual incidence, deaths, years of life lost, and (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/slide23-n.jpg) costs resulting from unsafe injection practices for hepatitis B, C and HIV infection using best case assumption(WHO 1999)
Contact with blood from an infected person (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/contact-with-blood-from-aninfected-person-n.jpg) Transfusion of infected blood Paid/commercial blood donors IV drug abuse Contaminated needles/ sharps Scarification marks Ear piercing Circumcision manicures
Sexual contact with an infected person (https://image2.slideserve.com/4230297/sexual-contact-with-aninfected-person-n.jpg) Predominant route of infection in low prevalence regions such as in Europe and America Affects mostly adolescents and adults Infection commonly clears and persists to chronic infections in