Idea Transcript
PREFACE HELP WANTED: JOURNALIST Take a front row seat to history. Report the news and tell the stories of our time. Requirements: Commitment to seeking truth. Interest in events, issues
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and, most of all, people of all kinds. Ability to report and write the news for print, broadcast and online outlets. Fluent in social media. Critical thinking, attention to accuracy
and fairness a must. Only the most talented and dedicated need apply. Send resumé to . . .
If that job advertisement appeals to you, this book is designed to help you join the ranks of thousands of working journalists around the world. News Writing and Reporting: The Complete Guide for Today’s Journalist furnishes students and instructors with the theoretical underpinnings and practical knowledge needed to master this exciting and challenging field. To reach that goal, we have distilled the most critical information about the nature and practice of contemporary journalism and presented it in accessible and innovative ways. In each of the book’s 21 chapters we explain the concepts that underlie news judgment, the wide range of reporting and writing challenges, including lead writing, interviewing, numeracy, beats, assignments, grammar, research, producing for multiple platforms, as well as ethical dilemmas and diverse coverage that reflects a multicultural world. To bolster these concepts, the book gives instructors and students a wealth of practical information, drawn from interviews and examples from hundreds of print, broadcast and online journalists and the authors’ long-standing experience as professional journalists and journalism instructors. By blending abstract principles with real-world applications, we believe that our approach will give instructors all the pedagogical tools they need to help students master a vital, demanding and exciting field, one that requires critical thinking, creativity and courage. Journalism, above all, is a craft, one that can be mastered through study, time and practice, practice, practice. Our book aims to demystify the process of reporting and writing. Students will learn how journalists do their jobs—how they think, act and produce newsworthy stories. By applying its content, instructors can teach students how to report, interview, write and revise stories—not just for a grade—but to succeed as a journalist in the real world. For many students, social media and the Web already dominate the way they communicate and absorb news—in 2010, a survey found that among 18- to 29 yearolds, nearly two-thirds said they got their news from the Internet. By necessity and
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belatedly, print and broadcast outlets have embraced online journalism and social media, making them critical components of the journalistic toolbox. Accordingly, this book places great emphasis on the marriage of technology and journalism and offers numerous opportunities for instructors to drive home the implications and applications the development demands. It’s no longer enough to know how to write an engaging story or conduct an effective interview. Reporters must now be as familiar with computer databases and search engines as they once were with reverse directory telephone books. Lines that were once clear are now blurred. Newspaper reporters take their own photos and videos and regularly appear on TV in their newsrooms. Broadcast journalists rewrite their scripts for stations’ Web sites as their news organizations reach out to their audiences on the Internet. The comprehensive lessons of this book are necessary for anyone interested in becoming a journalist, no matter whether the news is conveyed by computer, newspaper, radio or television broadcast. News gathering and distribution have changed, and will undoubtedly continue to do so, but at the heart of journalism remain the men and women who consider journalism not just a job but also a calling. They are driven to produce stories that reveal universal truths about the human condition. They ask penetrating questions, listen intently to the answers and apply critical analysis to the information they have collected. They are mindful of ethics and the threats of libel and invasion of privacy. In a free society, they play a vital role, equipping citizens with the knowledge they need: to decide whom to vote for, weigh in on government actions, assess opinion, and figure out which ball game or movie to watch. They recognize their job is to inform but to entertain their audiences as well. They write to serve their audiences, not themselves. And, as many are quick to tell you, they have a lot of fun doing it.
THREE PILLARS OF EXCELLENT JOURNALISM No matter what the delivery medium, reporters must demonstrate the ability to collect information with speed and accuracy, analyze its significance, and then communicate the news with clarity, vigor and grace. That is this book’s essential message for instructors and their students. Its foundation rests on three pillars of excellent journalism.
Process Journalism, especially news writing, may seem magical or mystifying, especially to a beginner, but it’s not magic. It’s a process—a series of rational steps, actions and decisions that can be described, learned and repeated to produce consistently excellent work. By making the processes of reporting and writing for print, broadcast and
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online news transparent, instructors can help students learn not only how to cover a meeting or write a profi le, but also what it’s like to do these things to make a living, what’s challenging and rewarding about such work, how to land a job and succeed in the workplace.
Coaching Pioneered by the late Donald M. Murray, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and teacher, and spread worldwide by Scanlan and his colleagues at The Poynter Institute, the coaching movement is based on another simple premise: The power to recognize a story’s problems and the means to fi x them lies with the writer. This doesn’t remove instructors from the equation, as their response to student work remains a critical element in teaching. Coaching allows instructors to teach students that by asking good questions about their assignments, beginning journalists can uncover the solutions to challenges faced by every journalist. Just as process reveals how journalists work, coaching gives instructors a valuable approach to help students produce their best work and make them self-reliant and attractive to potential employers.
Storytelling At a time when consumers of news are bombarded with information, News Writing and Reporting: The Complete Guide for Today’s Journalist emphasizes the importance of storytelling as an effective means to connect with audiences and as a way for students to realize their own creative potential. Success in journalism requires more than a mastery of basics. Most successful reporters are able not only to get the facts, but also to present information in ways that are clear, accurate and on their best days, unforgettable. Journalism instructors are the conduits through which experience, insight and teaching excellence produce today’s journalists. Throughout years of intense research and writing, we have been guided by our commitment to produce a resource-rich text that we believe is the most complete and most accessible for them to accomplish their demanding and crucial role. We hope you find this to be the case and wish you the best of luck creating a new generation of excellent journalists.
HALLMARK FEATURES While the job of news reporting focuses on how to write an effective story, there are many other aspects of the work that inform and guide this practice. We’ve endeavored to bring you a set of chapter features that underscore the basic writing and reporting instruction by providing great examples and advice from practicing journalists. These include: • Story examples. Scores of concrete examples of reporting and writing that deconstruct and reveal journalistic practice, techniques and philosophy.
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• Quotations. Every chapter includes testimony from professional journalists, educators and media thinkers that amplify the main text, provide historical perspective and deliver informative, inspirational commentary. • Journalists at Work. These are illuminating and entertaining profi les of professional journalists detailing their methods drawn from interviews and analysis. • Quick Tips. Instructors and students are hungry for practical advice needed to accomplish the myriad tasks journalists face. These checklists offer key points, relevant questions and directions related to a given section. • The Coaching Way. This recurring box features concrete, specific advice and questions to help students take ultimate responsibility for their work and guide them toward excellent and ethical journalism. • Chapter conclusions. Each chapter includes several features to help students remember, apply and understand the main ideas just presented. A list of Key Terms reminds the students about the most important terminology introduced in the chapter. Three to five critical thinking and practical Exercises enable students to apply what they’ve learned to real-world situations and give the instructor ideas for class discussion and assignments. Each chapter also includes Readings, a set of three to five annotated recommended readings that take students deeper into the subject matter.
NEW TO THIS EDITION This edition of News Writing and Reporting has been significantly revised and adapted for today’s college reader. The result is what we hope will be a new standard by which this course will be measured. Among the extensive revisions are the following: • New organization. The order of the chapters has been revised to reflect an approach that begins with foundational skills (e.g., news judgment, the process approach to writing, meeting deadlines) before transitioning into chapters focused on specific skills (e.g., interviewing, research, working with numbers) and aspects of writing in a variety of media (e.g., writing leads, story forms, and writing for print, broadcast and online media). • Six new chapters. The book now consists of 21 shorter chapters instead of 15 longer ones, making the material more easily adaptable to the course. Having six more chapters also allowed us to expand certain topics to provide more expert advice and examples on coaching, research, grammar and language, working with statistics, writing obituaries, and the challenges of covering disasters and conflicts. • New: Professionals’ Roundtable. Every chapter includes a box comprising transcripts of 64 interviews with industry insiders from print, broadcast and online outlets, journalism professors, and leading authors, using a questionand answer-format and reflecting opinion and practice on every element of the journalism process.
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• New: Chip’s Corner. This recurring box provides varied and pertinent accounts of journalistic experience provided by co-author Scanlan based on nearly two decades as an award-winning print journalist, online writer and interactive instructor, and 15 years training students and professional journalists at The Poynter Institute, a leading source of continuing education for journalists. This feature also points instructors and students to relevant annotated Web resources, more than 100, spread through every chapter. These will be regularly updated on the companion Web site for the text. • New: Ethical Dilemmas. This recurring box recounts situations that test the journalist’s beliefs about the way to behave and to maximize truth telling and minimize harm. Framed as case studies based on the real world, these examples stimulate discussions that challenge one’s critical thinking and the limits of journalistic fairness and accuracy. • New: Chapter Summary Guides. Each chapter now concludes with an innovative summary feature that includes the main point of each chapter section plus an interpretive statement to help the student remember key takeaway points. • New: Close-Ups. Stories from print, broadcast and online journalism are deconstructed to show the process of creating exemplary work. These 38 CloseUps provide real-life examples of journalists’ work, explaining and clarifying points that were made in the chapter. Many are included in the book following the chapter with which they are associated. A number of supplementary Close-Ups are also included as part of the complete set provided on the book’s companion Web site. • New: Convergence Point features. These annotated links are found in chapter margins and point the student to supplementary Web resources. • New: Key Terms and Glossary. Key terms are highlighted in bold in the chapters. Definitions for each boldfaced terms can easily be found in the Glossary at the end of the book • Expanded discussion of journalistic practices across all media. The book now provides foundational concepts for all media plus expanded discussion and examples for the three major outlets for journalism: print, broadcast and digital or online reporting.
ENSURING STUDENT SUCCESS Oxford University Press offers instructors and students a comprehensive ancillary package for qualified adopters of News Writing and Reporting. • Student Workbook • Written by co-author Richard Craig, this idea resource reinforces the lessons found in each chapter of the main text and provides a wealth of additional well-crafted exercises and activities to sharpen the skills your students need to be successful journalists. Our workbook can be packaged for FREE when purchased with the main text.
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• Companion Web site at www.oup.com/us/scanlan • For instructors, this site includes the teaching tools described later, available for immediate download. Contact your local OUP sales representative for access. • For students, the companion Web site includes a number of study tools, including self-quizzes, Web links, a blog and Twitter account access to supplementary Close-Ups (see earlier). • Instructor’s Resource Manual and PowerPoint-based Slides • The Instructor’s Resource Manual, written by co-author Richard Craig, available for download on the book’s companion site, includes chapter objectives, a detailed chapter outline, lecture suggestions and activities, discussion questions, video resources and Web resources. Available at www .oup.com/us/scanlan. • PowerPoint-based Slides—Each chapter’s slide deck includes a succinct chapter outline and incorporates relevant chapter graphics. Available for download at www.oup.com/us/scanlan. To inquire about instructor resources, please contact your Oxford University Press sales representative at (800) 280-0208.
PACKAGING OPTIONS Adopters of News Writing and Reporting can package ANY Oxford University Press book with the text for a 20 percent savings off the total package price. See our many trade and scholarly offerings at www.oup.com, then contact your local OUP sales representative to request a package ISBN. In addition, the following items can be packaged with the text for free: • Student Workbook • Oxford Pocket World Atlas, Sixth Edition: This full-color atlas is a handy reference for international relations/global politics students. • Very Short Introduction Series: These very brief texts offer succinct introductions to a variety of topics. Titles include Terrorism by Townshend, Globalization, Second Edition, by Steger, and Global Warming by Maslin, among others.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Every book represents more than the work of a single author or two. Th is edition was made possible by the generous assistance of hundreds of journalists, from beginners to prizewinners, journalism instructors and media thinkers. Specific contributors are listed on page xxx. It is our privilege to acknowledge their contributions and no exaggeration to say it would not exist without their help. Our thanks to you all and apologies to anyone we inadvertently fail to include. We bear responsibility, of course, for any errors and omissions. Numerous news organizations and their leaders, and institutions generously allowed us access to their staff, and permissions to reprint examples of their work. They include, but are not limited to: Al Dia, Miami; The Anniston (AL) Star (editor Bob Davis; The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette (deputy editor Frank Fellone; Biloxi (MS) Sun Herald; Cedar Rapids (IA) Gazette; Charlotte (NC) Observer; Cleveland (OH) Plain Dealer; The Charleston (WV) Daily Mail (editor Nanya Friend); The Charleston (SC) Post and Courier (editor Bill Hawkins); The Columbus (OH) Dispatch (editor Ben Marrison); Dallas Morning News (editor Bob Mong, Sunday and enterprise editor Thomas Huang); Digital First Media, New York City (director of community engagement and social media Steve Buttry); ESPN.com (editor-inchief Rob King); The E.W. Scripps Co. (senior director, local operations TV, Scripps Digital Chip Mahaney); Fort Myers (FL) News-Press; Gannett Co.; Harrisburg (PA) Patriot-News; Lexington (KY) Herald-Leader; Los Angeles Times; Miami Herald (executive editor Mindy Marques); Milwaukee Business Journal; Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (senior vice president/editor Marty Kaiser); National Public Radio; New Orleans Times-Picayune (editor Jim Amoss); Newark Star-Ledger (editor Tom Curran); Newsday; The New York Times; Omaha (NE) World Herald; Philadelphia Inquirer (editor Bill Marimow); Portland (ME) Press Herald (executive editor Cliff Schechtman); Revista Cálculo, São Paulo, Brazil; Roanoke (VA) Times (editor Carole Tarrant, Meg Martin); The Portland (OR) Oregonian (editor Peter Bhatia); Sarasota Herald-Tribune (executive editor Mike Connelly); South Florida Sun Sentinel; St. Cloud (MN) Times (Rene Kaluza); St. Petersburg Police Department; The Lance, Evangel University (adviser Melinda Booze); TBO.com, Tampa, Florida; The Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism; Tacoma (WA) News Tribune (executive editor Karen Peterson); Town of Southampton, Massachusetts; Tulsa (OK) World (executive editor Joe Worley); University of Houston-Victoria; U.S. Library of Congress; USA Today; The Wall Street Journal; The Washington Post (Peter Perl), Washington (DC) Blade; WFTS-TV, Tampa (general manager Rich Pegram); Wichita (KS) Eagle (editor Sherry Chisenhall; and the Worcester (MA) Telegram and Gazette (editor Leah Lamson). A special thanks to executives and staff at four news companies who made it possible to use numerous examples of stellar journalism: Anders Gyllenhaal, vice president, news and Washington editor of The McClatchy Company and its predecessor,
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Knight Ridder Newspapers; Tom Heslin, editor; Joel Rawson, former editor; Michael Delaney, managing editor/visuals of the Providence (RI) Journal; Neil Brown, editor of the Tampa Bay Times, formerly the St. Petersburg Times; Tom Curley, former president of The Associated Press; Cathy Gonzalez; and Gloria Sullivan. We also thank Professor Lee B. Becker and colleagues at the University of Georgia, Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, who allowed us to use statistics from their Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates. Thanks also to the American Society of Newspaper Editors and the scores of writers whose award-winning stories and interviews have been celebrated in the Best Newspaper Writing for more than three decades. Our book is illustrated by the superb work of numerous photographers, illustrators, designers and online staffs, especially the staff of The Associated Press, Sigrid Estrada, Sharyn L. Decker, Kathleen Flynn, Ivan Farkas, Gerald Grow, Claire Holt, Kenny Irby, Mike Lang, Delcia López, Jon Marcus, Bruce Moyer, Jim Stem, Javier Torres and Chris Zuppa. Maria Jaimes of The Poynter Institute helped secure many valuable photos. Oxford University Press is a textbook writer’s dream. Thanks to Peter Labella, Danielle Christensen for kickstarting the project, the indefatigable Caitlin Kaufman, Mark Haynes for his support and guidance, our gifted development editor Thom Holmes, who propelled the book in creative new directions and pushed us over the finish line, and production editor Barbara Mathieu. Richard Craig: First and foremost, I’d like to thank Chip Scanlan for including me in this project. Being invited on board after the process was well under way could have been construed as a hostile takeover, but Chip couldn’t have been more supportive. I’m pleased to have been given the opportunity to contribute to this book, and to have my contributions acknowledged as a co-author. I would like to thank the faculty, staff and students in the School of Journalism and Mass Communications at San José State University for their support and input throughout this process. In particular, I’m grateful to Bob Rucker and Bill Briggs, directors of the school during this period, for understanding the amount of time and effort that goes into putting something like this together and working with me to adjust various duties accordingly. I’d also like to thank my co-advisers on the Spartan Daily student news outlet, Mack Lundstrom, Jan Shaw and Kim Komenich, for their suggestions and support. I’m a far better journalist and teacher because of their influence, and my portion of this book is much richer and better informed because of the impact they’ve had on my life. My other faculty colleagues at SJSU have also contributed immensely, and I deeply appreciate all they’ve done for me over the years. I should also include the legendary Dwight Bentel as a great inspiration—a man who cared fiercely for journalism and worked to instill that love for the craft in generation after generation of students at SJSU. I aspire to have a fraction of the impact he had in his 103 years of life. The Poynter Institute is another source of inspiration, and I’d like to thank all of the faculty and staff there for motivating me to evolve as a teacher, journalist and thinker. All of us who have visited and participated in workshops there owe Poynter a
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great debt of gratitude for continuing to fight the good fight in spite of the monumental changes in the journalism industry. Most important, my wife Melissa has been patient beyond all reason as I’ve holed up for weeks and months at a time working on chapters. With all this writing, she probably sees the back of my head more than the front, but she’s supported me all the way. One of these days we’ll both have time to enjoy each other’s company for more than a day or two at a time. Chip Scanlan: I’d like to especially express my gratitude to my co-author Richard Craig. He contributed his expertise in the world of digital journalism by writing the Online Writing and Content Production chapter, contributing throughout the book and including important new voices to the conversation about journalism. Richard’s willingness to join a project at a late stage and his generous and deft revisions have made this a much stronger book. Would that every collaboration be so successful. I would like to thank the faculty and staff of The Poynter Institute in St. Petersburg, Florida (http://about.poynter.org/about-us/faculty-staff ), which has continued to be my professional home for nearly two decades and is a constant source of inspiration and support. I’m especially grateful to Bobbi Alsina, Trevor Brown, Stephen Buckley, Roy Peter Clark, Aly Colón, Karen B. Dunlap, Rick Edmonds, Gregory Favre, Jill Geisler, Nico Guerrero, Bob Haiman, Kathy Holmes, Maria Jaimes, Christine Martin, Bill Mitchell, Julie Moos, Steve Myers, the late Jim Naughton, Dave Pierson, the late Paul Pohlman, Vidisha Priyanka, Jeff Saffan, Nafi Schwanzer, Omar Schwanzer, David Shedden, Jennette Smith, Maryanne Sobocinski, Roy Taravella, Al Tompkins, Mallary Tenore, Latishia Williams and Keith Woods. Great thanks also to Jennifer Dronkers, Casey Frechette, Vanessa Goodrum, Vicki Krueger and Leslie Passante of Poynter’s News University, who support my interactive learning work with creativity and boundless enthusiasm. A special note of gratitude to newsu.org’s creator, Howard Finberg, who let me in on the ground floor. I owe an enormous debt to the thousands of journalists and students I have worked with and taught at Poynter and in newsrooms around the world. Their lessons are too numerous to count. I owe my mentors, Melvin Mencher of the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia University, and the late Donald M. Murray, my dear friend who first taught me the process approach and the coaching way, more than I can say; their fingerprints are all over this book. Special thanks to Dr. Antoinette M. Falk and my chiropractor Dr. Rod Jones. The faith, love and support of my mother, the late Alice S. Harreys, and my five brothers and sisters and their families have sustained me. Our daughters, Caitlin, Michaela, and Lianna, her husband Klein Grimes, and Henry, our first grandchild, bring joy and meaning to my life. It is the lucky writer who has a spouse who writes and edits as well as mine. I am a writer today because Kathy Fair believes in me.
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MANUSCRIPT REVIEWERS We have greatly benefited from the perceptive comments and suggestions of the many talented scholars and instructors who reviewed the previous edition of this book and its revised manuscript. Their insight and suggestions contributed immensely to the published work. Sandra A. Banisky University of Maryland, College Park
Dale M. Jenkins Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Robert Berkman Keuka College
Valerie Kasper Saint Leo University
Carolyn S. Carlson Kennesaw State University
Sharon Kobritz Husson University
Susan Dawson-O’Brien Rose State College
Gordon D. “Mac” McKerral Western Kentucky University
Keith Forrest Atlantic Cape Community College
Marian Meyers Georgia State University
Kym Fox Texas State University-San Marcos
Matt Nesvisky Kutztown University of Pennsylvania
Christopher Frear Sussex County Community College Bruce Garrison University of Miami Victoria Goff University of Wisconsin-Green Bay Cheryl Heckler Miami University Teresa Heinz Housel Hope College
Selene Phillips University of Louisville Kathryn Quigley Rowan University
Scoobie Ryan University of Kentucky Bob Schaller Texas Tech University Ivana Segvic-Boudreaux University of Texas at Arlington Cathy Stablein College of DuPage Carl Sessions Stepp University of Maryland Susan Thompson University of Montevallo Christine Tracy Eastern Michigan University Chris Waddle Jacksonville State University
Jerry Renaud University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Lisa Crawford Watson California State University Monterey Bay/Monterey County Herald
Vicki Rishling University of Idaho
Nancy Whitmore Butler University
Leslie Rubinkowski University of Pittsburgh
Melanie Wilderman Northwestern Oklahoma State University
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CONTRIBUTORS The following journalists and journalism educators contributed material to this book. (Some affi liations and titles may have changed since publication.) Kevin Acee San Diego (CA) Union-Tribune
Jane Briggs Bunting Michigan State University
Wendy Farmer ABC11TV Raleigh
Jill Agostino The New York Times
Steve Buttry Digital First Media
Samuel Fifer SNR Denton
Dan Ashley ABC7 News, San Francisco
Erin Caddell Former reporter, The Keene (NH) Sentinel
Stan Finger Wichita (KS) Eagle
Cary Aspinwall Tulsa (OK) World Alana Baranick Elyria (OH) Chronicle-Telegram The late Craig Basse St. Petersburg Times Kevin Benz News 8, Austin, TX Howard Berkes National Public Radio Sandra Combs-Birdiett Michigan State University Erika Bolstad Miami Herald Greg Borowski Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel Mark Briggs KING5, Seattle Trevor Brown Former dean, Indiana University School of Journalism
Sheila Callahan Freelance writer, Warsaw, Poland Gerald M. Carbone Freelance author and journalist Rebecca Catalanello Former reporter, Tampa Bay Times Aly Colón NBC News
Karin Fischer The Chronicle of Higher Education David Folkenflik National Public Radio Margalit Fox The New York Times Mark Fritz Author
Paul Conley Consultant
Ken Fuson Former reporter, Des Moines (IA) Register
Lane DeGregory Tampa Bay Times
Sara Ganim CNN
Brady Dennis The Washington Post
Jill Geisler The Poynter Institute
Steve Doig Arizona State University
Kristen Gelineau The Associated Press
Karen Brown Dunlap The Poynter Institute
Elizabeth Gibson Columbus (OH) Dispatch
Lillian R. Dunlap The Poynter Institute
Dave Greenslit Worcester (MA) Telegram and Gazette
Harold Bubil Sarasota (FL) Herald-Tribune
Richard Dymond Bradenton (FL) Herald
Stephen Buckley The Poynter Institute
Peter Elbow Professor emeritus, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Frank Greve Former reporter, Knight Ridder Newspapers
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Joe Grimm AsktheRecruiter.com
John Jackson Former online editor, roanoke.com
David Maraniss The Washington Post
Gerald Grow Florida A&M University
Alan Johnson Columbus (OH) Dispatch
Ann Marimow The Washington Post
Bryan Gruley Former professor, The Wall Street Journal
David Cay Johnston Reuters.com
Bill Marimow The Philadelphia Inquirer
Rene Kaluza St. Cloud (MN) Times
Kevin McGrath The Wichita (KS) Eagle
Louise Kiernan Northwestern University
Michele McLellan Former editor, The (Portland, OR) Oregonian
Mark Hamilton Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Vancouver, BC Don Hammack Biloxi (MS) Sun Herald
Peter King CBS News
Lee Hancock Former reporter, Dallas Morning News
Rob King ESPN.com
Eben Harrell Former reporter, Time, Inc.
Vicki Krueger News University, The Poynter Institute
Jane Harrigan Former professor of journalism, University of New Hampshire
Michael Kruse Tampa Bay Times
Meg Heckman Nackey S. Loeb School of Communications, Manchester, New Hampshire Macarena Hernandez University of Houston-Victoria, Texas
Dion Lefler and Jeannine Koranda The Wichita (KS) Eagle Elizabeth Leland The Charlotte (NC) Observer Teresa Leonard Raleigh (NC) News and Observer
Dennis Hoey Portland Press Herald
Scott Libin Internet Broadcasting, Minneapolis-St. Paul
Thomas Huang Dallas Morning News
Sue LoTempio Buffalo (NY) News
Boyd Huppert KARE-Minneapolis
Mack Lundstrom Wired Journalists; faculty, San Jose State University
Jack Hart Former editor, The (Portland OR) Oregonian Brandie Jefferson The Providence Journal
Macollvie Jean-François Former reporter, South Florida Sun-Sentinel
Molly McMillin The Wichita (KS) Eagle Margo Melnicove National Public Radio Victor Merina www.reznetnews.org/ Philip Meyer University of North CarolinaChapel Hill Karen Miller and Lewis Kamb Tacoma (WA) News Tribune Arlene Morgan Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism Carolyn Mungo KRIV-Houston Steve Myers The Poynter Institute Naka Nathaniel The New York Times Mirta Ojito The New York Times Erik Olson The Centralia (WA) Chronicle Karen Peterson Tacoma (WA) News Tribune
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O. Ricardo Pimentel San Antonio News-Express Deborah Potter NewsLab Amanda Punshon Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Vancouver, BC John Raess The Associated Press Martha Raddatz ABC News John Raess The Associated Press Bertram Rantin The (Columbia, SC) State Michael Regal Erie (PA) Times-News Mahawish “Misha” Rezvi Freelance multimedia journalist, Pakistan Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez University of Texas, Austin Preston Rudie WTSP-Tampa
Jan Schaffer J-Lab: The Institute for Interactive Journalism Matt Schudel The Washington Post Jeremy Schwartz Reporting and writing fellow, The Poynter Institute John Silcox Reporting and writing fellow, The Poynter Institute Craig Silverman regrettherror.com Marcio Simões Revista Cálculo, São Paulo, Brazil Roger Simon Politico.com Joseph A. Slobodzian and John P. Martin The Philadelphia (PA) Inquirer Sreenath Sreenivasan Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism Mark Story Lexington (KY) Herald-Leader
Michaela Saunders Former reporter, Omaha (NE) World-Herald
Mallary Tenore The Poynter Institute
John Sawatsky ESPN
Tommy Tomlinson Former reporter, The Charlotte (NC) Observer
Greg Toppo USA Today Susan Trausch Author and former reporter, The Boston Globe Doris N. Truong The Washington Post Vidisha Priyanka The Poynter Institute Chris Vanderveen KUSA-Denver David Von Drehle Time, Inc. Lori Waldon WISN 12 Milwaukee Mike Weinstein Former editor, The Charlotte (NC) Observer Roy Wenzl The Wichita (KS) Eagle Charles Wilson The Associated Press Jan Winburn CNN.com Keith Woods National Public Radio Ben Yagoda University of Delaware