Solutions, Acids and Bases Review Worksheet 1) Use the solubility ... [PDF]

Solutions, Acids and Bases Review Worksheet 1)

Use the solubility curve provided to answer the following questions:

a) At70C, you dissolved 50 g of sodium nitrate in 100. g of water. Is this solution saturated or unsaturated? unsaturated b) At what temperature do potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate have equal solubility? 67C c) How much potassium iodide would be present in a saturated solution at 25C? 170 g

2)

Determine if the following are acids or bases according to the Arrhenius definition: a)

KOH base

b)

H2Se acid

c)

HC2H3O2 acid

d)

Fe(OH)2 base

e)

HBrO3 acid

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3) Give an example of the 3 types of solutions that are electrolytes. Any acid, base, or salt

4) Explain what a solute does to the freezing point, boiling point, vapor pressure, and osmotic pressure of a solvent. FP-Decreases, BP-Increases, VP-decreases, OP-increases

5) Identifying Acids & Bases: either

A. A releases hydrogen gas when Mg metal is added B. B phenolphthalein turns pink C. C conducts electricity in aqueous solution D. A turns blue litmus red

A=acid

B =base

F. B feels slippery G. A Sour tasting H. A Has a pH of 2.3 I. B ammonia

E. C may cause caustic burns J. A coca-cola

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C=possibly

6)

Circle the letter of the correct answer below. I. An acid that produces hydronium ions in aqueous solution is a. NaOH b. KOH c. CH4 d. H2SO4

II. The reaction of a base with an acid to form a salt and water is termed a. hydrolysis b. emulsification c. electrolysis d. neutralization

III. The compound in the following group that is NOT an electrolyte? a. (NH4) 2 b. Ba(OH)2 c. MgSO4 d. HCl

IV. According to the _______________ theory, acids are proton donors. a. Bronsted-Lowry b. Arrhenius c. Lewis d. Colonal Sanders

V. Which of the following is sulfuric acid? a. KCI b. NaCl c. H2SO4 D. Na2CO3 7) Give 3 factors that affect the rate of solubility of a salt. Temperature, stirring, surface area (particle size) 8) Find the concentrations of the unknown solutions if the following reactions are found to reach equivalence by titration: a) 20.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH is added to 40.0 mL of HCl of unknown concentration. 0.05 M b) 188.0 mL of 0.400 M HNO3 is added to 133.4 mL of NaOH of unknown concentration. 0.56 M

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9) Make the following calculations: a)

Determine the pH of a 0.0034 M HNO3 solution. 2.47

b)

Determine the pOH of a 0.0034 M HNO3 solution. 11.53

c)

Determine the pH of a 4.3 x 10-4 M NaOH solution. 10.63

d) Determine the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 3.45. 3.54x10-4 M e)

Determine the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 9.22. 1.66x10-5 M

f)

What is the molarity of a 0.8 L solution containing 0.65 moles of solute? 0.8125 M Find the molarity of a LiF solution containing 1.4 moles in 500 mL of solution. 2.8 M

g)

e)

For a lab, a student dilutes 40 mL of a 6 M HCl solution to 0.25 M. What is the volume of the diluted solution? 960 mL

10.) Explain, in detail, and

with a diagram, how a salt dissolves in water.

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