Stop acting so small. You are the universe in ecstatic motion. Rumi
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A 340828
Strategy in the Contemporary World An Introduction to Strategic Studies John Baylis James Wirtz Eliot Cohen Colin S. Gray
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Detailed Contents Acknowledgements About the Contributors
Introduction What is strategic studies? What criticisms are made of strategic studies? What is the relationship between strategic studies and security studies?
xi xi i
1 3 8 11
PART ONE Enduring issues of strategy 1
2
3
Strategic Theory and the History of War
17
Introduction: The organization of violence The Art of War in the Age of Reason Clausewitz and the modernization of war Beyond the battlefield: Sea power Imagining Armageddon: Air power
18 20 26 32 37
Total war, people's war, and the crisis of theory
40
Law, Politics, and the Use of Force
45
International law: Is it really law?
45
The efficacy of international law International law and the use of force Jusad bellum Jus in bello Conclusion
47 52 55 59 63
The Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace
66
Introduction The study of war Human nature explanations of war
67 68 75
Wars 'within' and 'beyond' states Conclusion
82 84
Viii
DETAILED CONTENTS
PART TWO The evolution of joint warfare Land Warfare: Theory and Practice
91
Introduction The First World War: The emergence of modern warfare The Second World War: Responses to mechanization The 1973 Arab-Israeli war: Releaming the importance of combined arms The 1991 Gulf war: Revolution or continuity? Conclusion
92 92 97 101 104 107
Sea Power: Theory and Practice
113
Introduction
114
Sea power in history Sea power in theory Contending views of modern naval strategy Sea power, joint operations, and service roles Sea power and globalization Conclusion: Sea power beyond the sea
116 119 125 129 130 133
Air Power: Theory and Practice
137
Introduction
138
A new military capability Between the wars The Second World War: Air power affects every campaign Air power during the Cold War The air power decade, 1990-2000 Conclusion
139 142 145 147 152 154
PART THREE Twentieth-century theories: an update Deterrence in the Post-Cold War World
161
The concept of deterrence Deterrence theory and the Cold War Deterrence can fail The problem with Cold War deterrence Individuality and decision making Cold War deterrence assumptions in the post-Cold War world
161 165 170 173 175 179
Arms Control and Disarmament
183
Introduction
183
Definitions and approaches
184
The lessons of the Cold War and the post-Cold War eras
197
DETAILED CONTENTS
9
ix
Does arms control make a difference?
199
Conclusion
204
Terrorism and Irregular Warfare
208
Introduction
208
The theory and practice of irregular warfare
212
Counterinsurgency and counterterrorism in theory and practice
220
The future of terrorism and irregular warfare
226
Conclusion
228
PART FOUR Contemporary issues of grand strategy
10 Technology and Warfare
11
12
13
235
Thinking about technology: Technophiles and technophobes
236
Some ways of thinking about military technology
236
Mapping military technology
240
The revolution in military affairs debate
242
Challenges of the new technology
248
The future of military technology
250
Weapons of Mass Destruction
254
Introduction
255
The changing strategic context
256
Weapons of mass destruction for national security?
263
The operational role of weapons of mass destruction
269
The future of weapons of mass destruction
277
Conclusion
281
Humanitarian Intervention and Peace Operations
286
Introduction
287
From peacekeeping to peace operations
288
Intervention failures
292
The politics of humanitarian intervention
296
The military character of peace operations
299
Conclusion: Problems and prospects
304
A N e w Agenda for Security and Strategy?
309
Introduction The need for a conceptual framework Population: The demographics of global politics Commons issues Direct environmental damage Disease
310 311 313 315 317 320
DETAILED CONTENTS
14
Planetary defence
323
Conclusion
325
Conclusion: The Future of Strategic Studies
328
The development of strategic studies
329
In and out of the Cold War The academic and policy worlds The study of strategy Realism: Old and new The study of armed force Conclusion