Idea Transcript
Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande
BACKGROUNDER October 7, 2015
SYRIAN OPPOSITION GUIDE This reference guide provides a baseline for identifying Syrian opposition groups. The guide aims to permit researchers to track how groups realign as the Russians commence operations. It seeks to inform the development of policies that aim to protect Syrian rebels willing to cooperate with the U.S. in order to defeat ISIS and marginalize al-Qaeda affiliate Jabhat al-Nusra. The chart characterizes each group’s relative strength, its areas of operation, its participation in multi-group operations, and its sources of external financing (derived from other experts’ studies). The document carefully identifies those groups that are separable from Jabhat al-Nusra, drawing a sharp distinction between the al-Qaeda affiliate’s subcomponents and those groups that have a more transactional relationship. Whereas the Russian military actions will likely drive these groups together, diminishing the influence of al-Qaeda actually requires breaking the groups apart. Targeting rebel groups writ large through military strikes is therefore counterproductive and will lead to entrenchment of al-Qaeda in Syria. RUSSIA'S IMPACT ON THE OPPOSITION Russian air operations in Syria impose new pressures on Syrian rebel groups on the ground. Although the Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) claimed that Russian airstrikes focused on ISIS, local reports and the U.S. official statement indicate that the strikes have primarily targeted Syrian opposition groups in areas far from core ISIS-held terrain. Free Syrian Army (FSA)-affiliated rebel groups that receive support from the U.S. are among those that Russian warplanes have hit. As Russian airstrikes intensify, Syrian opposition factions will likely seek the protection of a strong partner in the fight against the regime and its allies. The majority of the groups that may seek protection already cooperate militarily with Syrian al-Qaeda affiliate Jabhat al-Nusra out of necessity, and this trend is likely to increase as rebels come under greater duress. The pressure of a reinvigorated air campaign in support of the Syrian regime may drive these groups closer to Jabhat al-Nusra and potentially hardline Islamist Ahrar alSham in the absence of alternative sources of robust military assistance from countries opposed to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. In fact, between October 2 and October 4, two rebel groups merged separately under Jabhat al-Nusra and Ahrar al-Sham in Hama and Aleppo provinces respectively. This trend damages not only the U.S. anti-ISIS mission, but also the implicit mission to counter al-Qaeda’s influence in Syria. It is therefore vital to observe changes in the behaviors and affiliations of Syrian rebels in response to ground events. RELATIONSHIP TO JABHAT AL-NUSRA This guide also provides an assessment of rebel groups’ relationship to Syrian al-Qaeda affiliate Jabhat alNusra. Groups that conduct military operations with Jabhat al-Nusra do not necessarily share its vision, end-state, or values. Many rebel groups cooperate out of military necessity, because Jabhat al-Nusra one of the most capable groups on the battlefield. The relationship between each group and Jabhat al-Nusra has been designated through the following definitions: Component of Jabhat al-Nusra: Groups that have merged under Jabhat al-Nusra, or groups that ISW assesses to be a sub-unit of Jabhat al-Nusra Allied: Rebel groups that share interim objectives with Jabhat al-Nusra in Syria in the near term; groups that are close ideological allies to Jabhat al-Nusra; and groups that are ideologically opposed to the Western countries’ influence in Syria or to the vision of Western secularism WWW.UNDERSTANDINGWAR.ORG
BACKGROUNDER | SY RI A N OPPOSITION GUIDE | JENNIFER CA FA RELL A A ND GENEV IEV E CASAGR A NDE | OCTOBER 7, 2015
Separable from Jabhat al-Nusra: Rebel groups that formally coordinate military operations with Jabhat al-Nusra among many other groups through joint military commands, largely out of military necessity. This also includes groups that participate in governance structures that also contain elements of Jabhat al-Nusra. Independent: These rebel groups currently do not share interim or long term objectives and do not formally coordinate military operations with Jabhat al-Nusra through joint military commands. IDENTIFYING OUTSIDE FUNDING The following charts also reflect assessments of the sources of outside funding for each group as provided by the Carter Center1 and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace2 from September 2014 – February 2015. There are three major sources of funding: Joint Military Operations Command (MOC) Two covert joint military operations commands (MOC) based in Turkey and Jordan reportedly provide funding and lethal aid to moderate and nationalist Islamist groups in northern and southern Syria. Members of both the Northern and Southern MOCs reportedly provide military assistance including TOW anti-tank missiles to a select set of Syrian rebel groups. Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia provides direct support to Salafist and Islamist groups across all of Western Syria. Turkey and Qatar Turkey and Qatar support nationalist Syrian rebel groups, including Salafist and Islamist groups. The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, currently based in Turkey, facilitates the provision of money and weapons provided by Turkey and Qatar to Syrian armed opposition groups based in northern Syria. IDENTIFYING POWERBROKERS The following charts indicates assessed powerbrokers in Syria in addition to groups that could become
powerbrokers in the near term upon the receipt of sufficient outside support. These groups could provide a counter-weight to Jabhat al-Nusra, although the Russian military operations reduce the likelihood that they will be willing or able to split from the al-Qaeda affiliate. Powerbroker: a group that disproportionately determines the success of military operations against either the Syrian regime or ISIS; is strategically located; and/or plays a leading role in governance. Potential Powerbroker: a group that could achieve significant battlefield effects against Jabhat al-Nusra and/or ISIS in western Syria upon receipt of increased outside support, including securing direct military gains and cohering other smaller brigades into new coalitions. OPERATIONS ROOMS The following charts organize opposition groups by their participation in operations rooms, in order to achieve particular, defined objectives. Operation rooms are joint structures limited to a particular geographical area, but they do not always maintain a physical headquarters. Syrian opposition groups join “operations rooms” in order to coordinate their military campaigns jointly in an area without merging, thus preserving their status as separate fighting forces. Each operations room is typically launched with an announcement conveying a specific, stated objective and a list of groups that have joined. ENDNOTES 1. “Syria: Countrywide Conflict Report No. 5,” The Carter Center, February 2015, http://www.cartercenter.org/ resources/pdfs/peace/conflict_resolution/syria-conflict/ NationwideUpdate-Feb-28-2015.pdf. “Syria: Countrywide Conflict Report No. 4,” The Carter Center, September 11, 2014, http://www.cartercenter.org/resources/pdfs/peace/ conflict_resolution/syria-conflict/NationwideUpdateSept-18-2014.pdf. 2. Aron Lund, “The Revolutionary Command Council: Rebel Unity in Syria?” The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 1, 2014, http://carnegieendowment.org/ syriaincrisis/?fa=57350. Aron Lund, “The Levant Front: Can Aleppo’s Rebels Unite?” The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 26, 2014, http:// carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57605.
Layout by Casey Jaquez
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BACKGROUNDER | SY RI A N OPPOSITION GUIDE | JENNIFER CA FA RELL A A ND GENEV IEV E CASAGR A NDE | OCTOBER 7, 2015
List of Military Operations Rooms Included In This Document Operations Room
Anti Regime
Anti ISIS
Powerbroker
Potential Power Broker
Declared Objectives
Aleppo Province Aleppo Conquest Ansar alSharia
X
X
X
Euphrates Volcano
X
To “liberate” Aleppo City from the Syrian regime
X X
To seize Aleppo City from the Syrian regime and to develop a joint charter to administer the city under Sharia law
X
To fight against the “injustice” of ISIS and other Islamist and Kurdish factions
Idlib Province Jaysh alFatah Idlib Battle of Victory
To “liberate” Idlib Province from the Syrian regime X
X
To seize Jisr al-Shughour City from the Syrian regime
Hama Province Jaysh alFatah-Idlib
X
Jaysh alNasr
X
X
To seize the Sahel al-Ghab plain of northern Hama from the Syrian regime X
To “defend” the Syrian people and “liberate” Syria from the Syrian regime
Homs Province Victory of the Oppressed
X
X
To defeat the Syrian regime in Homs Province while supporting the local civilian population
Eastern Ghouta Unified Command
X
X
One Flag Alliance
X
To “overthrow” the Syrian regime in Damascus and its countryside
Jaysh alFatah Qalamoun
X
To “liberate” the Qalamoun region from Syrian regime and Hezbollah forces
Gathering of Western Qalamoun
X
Eastern Qalamoun Operations Room
X
Jaysh alHarmoun
X
Jaysh alFatah alJanoub
X
Southern Front
X
Damascus Province X
To break the siege on the Eastern Ghouta suburbs of Damascus, set up a unified legal body, and create an authority for strategic issues in Ghouta
X
X
X
To fight the Syrian regime and Hezbollah
To “overthrow” the Syrian regime and fight ISIS
Dera’a & Quneitra Province To “eliminate” the Syrian regime southwest of Damascus X
To “liberate” the Western Ghouta suburbs of Damascus
X
To “liberate Syria from tyranny and extremism” and to “defend the right of the Syrian people to choose a representative government”
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BACKGROUNDER | SY RI A N OPPOSITION GUIDE | JENNIFER CA FA RELL A A ND GENEV IEV E CASAGR A NDE | OCTOBER 7, 2015
ALEPPO
REBEL GROUPS INDEX
Liwa al-Haqq (Idlib, Hama)
101st Infantry Division (Idlib)
Liwa al-Houriya al-Islami (Idlib)
111st Infantry Division (Idlib, Hama)
Liwa al-Jihad fi Sabeel Allah
13th Division (Idlib)
Liwa al-Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih
16th Division
Liwa Amna’ ar-Raqqa
60th Infantry Division (Idlib)
Liwa Ansar al-Khilafa
Abu Amara Brigades
Liwa Ansar al-Sunna
Ahrar al-Sham (Idlib, Latakia, Hama, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Liwa Fursan al-Haqq (Idlib)
Al-Izza Gathering (Hama, Idlib)
Liwa Shuhada al-Atarib Liwa al-Sultan Murad
Al-Nakhba Forces
Liwa Thuwar ar-Raqqa
Caucasus Emirate in al-Sham (Latakia)
Nour al-Din al-Zenki
Fajr al-Khilafa Brigades
Saraya Jarablus
Fajr al-Sham Islamic Movement
Sham Legion (Idlib, Hama)
First Regiment
Siraya al-Ma’ad
Fistaqim Kama Umirat
Suqour al-Ghab (Idlib, Hama)
Furqan Brigades (Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Suqour al-Jabal (Idlib, Hama)
Harakat al-Thahur Baryis
Tahrir Brigade
Harakat Biyan
Thuwar al-Sham Brigades
Harakat Mujahidi al-Islam Jabhat al-Nusra (Idlib, Hama, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
People’s Protection Units (YPG)
Jabhat Ansar al-Din (Idlib)
IDLIB
Jama’at
101st Infantry Division (Aleppo)
Jaysh al-Sunna (Idlib, Hama)
111th Infantry Division (Aleppo, Hama)
Jaysh al-Islam (Idlib, Latakia, Damascus)
13th Division (Aleppo)
Jaysh al-Mujahideen (Latakia)
Ahrar al-Sham (Aleppo, Latakia, Hama, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Queneitra)
Jaysh al-Qasas Jaysh al-Thuwar (Idlib, Latakia, Homs, Hama) 4
(CLICK ABLE LINKS)
Jund al-Aqsa (Idlib, Latakia, Hama)
Ajnad al-Sham (Hama, Damascus, Dera’a & Queneitra) Fursan al-Haqq
Jund Allah
Jabhat al-Nusra (Aleppo, Hama, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (Idlib)
Jabhat Ansar al-Din (Aleppo)
Kita’ib al-Safwat al-Islamiya
Jama’at Ahadun Ahad (Latakia)
Kita’ib Shams al-Shamal
Jama’at Ansar al-Islam (Latakia)
Kitaba al-Suhaba
Jaysh al-Islam (Aleppo, Latakia, Damascus)
Levant Front
Jaysh al-Sunna (Aleppo)
Liwa al-Fateh
Jaysh al-Thuwar (Aleppo, Latakia, Homs, Hama) WWW.UNDERSTANDINGWAR.ORG WWW.UNDERSTANDINGWAR.ORG
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BACKGROUNDER | SY RI A N OPPOSITION GUIDE | JENNIFER CA FA RELL A A ND GENEV IEV E CASAGR A NDE | OCTOBER 7, 2015
Jund al-Aqsa (Aleppo, Latakia, Hama)
Liwa al-Adiyat (Latakia)
Junud al-Sham (Latakia)
Liwa al-Haqq (Hama, Aleppo)
Kata’ib Ansar al-Sham (Latakia)
Liwa al-Inqath al-Muqatila
Katiba al-Tawhid wal Jihad (Aleppo)
Sham Legion (Aleppo, Idlib)
Liwa al-Haqq (Aleppo, Hama)
Suqour al-Ghab (Aleppo, Idlib)
Liwa al-Houriya al-Islami (Aleppo)
Suqour al-Jabal (Aleppo, Idlib)
Sham Legion (Aleppo, Hama) Suqour al-Ghab (Aleppo, Hama)
HOMS
Suqour al-Jabal (Aleppo, Hama)
Ahrar al-Sham (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Hama, Damascus, Dera’a & Queneitra)
Turkistan Islamic Party (Latakia)
Ajnad Homs
LATAKIA
Jabhat al-Nusra (Aleppo, Idlib, Hama, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Ahrar al-Sham (Aleppo, Idlib, Hama, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Jaysh Ahl al-Sunna wal-Jama’a
Caucasus Emirate in al-Sham (Aleppo)
Jaysh al-Thuwar (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Hama)
First Coastal Division
Tahrir Homs
Jaysh al-Tawhid
Jabhat Ansar al-Din (Idlib) Jama’at Ahadun Ahad (Idlib)
DAMASCUS
Jama’at Ansar al-Islam (Idlib)
11 Division Special Forces
Jaysh al-Islam (Aleppo, Idlib, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Abu Obaida Battalion
Jaysh al-Mujahideen (Aleppo)
Ahrar al-Qalamoun Battalions
Jaysh al-Thuwar (Aleppo, Idlib, Homs, Hama) Jund al-Aqsa (Aleppo, Idlib, Hama)
Ahrar al-Sham (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Hama, Homs, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Junud al-Sham (Idlib)
Ajnad al-Sham (Idlib, Hama, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Katai’b Ansar al-Sham
Al-Sarkha Battalions
Liwa al-Adiyat (Hama)
Asoud al-Sunna Battalions
Turkistan Islamic Party (Idlib)
Originality and Development Front (Aleppo) Battalion 215
HAMA
Damascus Martyrs Brigade (Dera’a & Quneitra)
111th Infantry Division (Idlib)
Friends of the Prophet Mohammad Battalion
Ahrar al-Sham (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Furqan Brigades (Aleppo, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Ajnad al-Sham (Idlib, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Hamad Brigade
Al-Izza Gathering (Aleppo, Idlib)
Hawsh Arab Martyrs Gathering
Jabhat al-Nusra (Aleppo, Idlib, Homs, Damascus, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Ilwiya wa Kita’ib al-Sahaba (Dera’a & Quneitra)
Jabhat al-Sham
Jabhat al-Nusra (Aleppo, Idlib, Homs, Homa, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Jaysh al-Sunna (Idlib)
Jabhat Ansar al-Islam (Dera’a & Quenitra)
Jund al-Aqsa (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia)
Jaysh al-Ababil (Dera’a & Quenitra)
Fursan al-Sunna Battalion (Dera’a & Quneitra)
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BACKGROUNDER | SY RI A N OPPOSITION GUIDE | JENNIFER CA FA RELL A A ND GENEV IEV E CASAGR A NDE | OCTOBER 7, 2015
Jaysh al-Islam (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Dera’a & Quneitra)
Ansar al-Huda Gathering
Jaysh al-Qalamoun
Ansar al-Sunnah
Jaysh Tahirir al-Sham
Damascus Martyrs Brigade (Damascus)
Kata’ib al-Ansar
Fajr al-Islam Division
Katiba al-Mutahabeen Billah
Fajr al-Tawhid Division
Katiba Shaid Mamoud Murad
Fallujah Houran Division
Katiba Shuhada al-Nabek
First Army
Katiba Shuhada al-Sarkha
First Artillery Regiment
Katiba Yousef al-Sadiq
First Brigade
Kita’ib Aknaf Beit al-Maqdis (Dera’a & Quneitra)
First Corps
Liwa Ahrar Hafir
Firqat Usoud al-Sunnah
Liwa al-Izz
Furqan Brigades (Aleppo, Damascus)
Liwa Muatasim Billah (Dera’a & Quneitra)
Fursan al-Sunna Battalion (Damascus)
Liwa Rijal Allah
Hamza Division
Liwa Seif al-Haq
Harakat Muthanna al-Islamiya
Liwa Suqour al-Qalamoun
Harakat Shuhada al-Sham al-Islamiya
Liwa Suqour al-Umawayeen
Ilwiya wa Kita’ib al-Sahaba (Damascus)
Liwa Tahrir al-Qalamoun
Jabhat al-Nusra (Aleppo, Idlib, Hama, Homs, Damascus)
Liwa Tawhid al-Asima (Dera’a & Quneitra)
Jabhat al-Sham al-Muwahida
Liwa Thura al-Sha’ab
Jabhat Ansar al-Islam (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia Damascus)
Martyr Lieutenant Ahmed Abdou Brigades
Jaysh al-Ababil (Dera’a & Quenitra)
Marwan Hadid Briagde
Jaysh al-Islam (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Damascus)
Men of Qalamoun Battalion
Jaysh al-Yarmouk
Rahman Corps
Katibat Aswad al-Aqsad
Saif al-Islam Battalion
Katibat Fadayeen Houran
Sheild of Qalamoun Brigade
Kita’ib Aknaf Beit al-Maqdis (Damascus) Liwa Ahaya al-Jihad
DERA’A & QUNEITRA
Liwa Ahrar Inkhil
24th Infantry Division
Liwa Ahsa’ar al-Lajat
69th Special Forces Division
Liwa al-I’tisam Billah
Abu Obaida Battalion
Liwa al-Mughawir al-Awli
Ahrar al-Sham (Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Hama, Homs, Damascus)
Liwa al-Sayyid al-Messiyah
Ahrar Nawa Division
Liwa al-Shahid al-A’qeed Ahmed al-Omar
Ajnad al-Sham (Idlib, Hama, Damascus)
Liwa al-Umarayn al-Islami
Al-Sarkha Battalions (Damascus)
Liwa Amoud Houran
Alwiyat al-Omari
Liwa Ansar al-Haqq WWW.UNDERSTANDINGWAR.ORG
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BACKGROUNDER | SY RI A N OPPOSITION GUIDE | JENNIFER CA FA RELL A A ND GENEV IEV E CASAGR A NDE | OCTOBER 7, 2015
Liwa Fursan Houran Liwa Jaydour Houran Liwa Jebel al-Sheikh Liwa Khayalat al-Zaydi Liwa Mua’taz Billah Liwa Muatasim Billah (Damascus) Liwa Muhajireen wal-Ansar Liwa Omar bin al-Khatab Liwa Osama bin Zaid Liwa Shabab al-Sunnah Liwa Shuhada al-Islam Liwa Shuhada Houran Liwa Tawhid al-Asima (Damascus) Liwa Tawhid al-Janub Liwa Usoud al-Tawhid Liwa Tawhid Kita’ib Houran March 18 Division Martyr Lieutenant Ahmed Abdou Brigades (Damascus) Mashrou Benaa Umma Salah al-Din Division Seif al-Sham Brigades Shahid Ra’ed al-Masri Siyad al-Usoud Battalion Syrian Revolutionaries Front - Southern Sector Tahalaf Suqour al-Janoub Tajamu al-Mujahideen Nawa Usoud al-Harb Operations Room
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Aleppo Conquest
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X Jama'at
Jabhat al-Nusra subunit
Fajr alKhilafa Brigades
Also active in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room
Ahrar alSham
X
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
X
Abu Amara Brigades
Also active in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room Also active in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room
Harakat Mujahidi alIslam
Also active in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room Harakat Bayarik al-Islam
Jaysh alSunna
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Also active in Idlib and Hama
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
Jaysh alMujahideen
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
X
X
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Northern MOC; Qatar
Also active in Latakia
Fistaqim Kama Umirat Jaysh alIslam
Saudi Arabia
X
Levant Front
X
Turkey & Qatar
Islamic FrontAleppo
Levant Front absorbed Harakat Hazm fighters after the group, which received U.S. support, disbanded in Feb 2015
Turkey & Qatar Formerly component of Abu Amara brigades
Katiba al-Assir
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
Originality and Development Front
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
X
First Regiment
Financed by
Saudi Arabia Subunits receive support from a variety of actors, to include Qatar, Turkey, and the northern MOC Also active in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room
X
Sham Legion
X
X
Turkey & Qatar
Liwa alSultan Murad
X
16th Division
Notes
Northern MOC
Also active in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
Furqan Brigades Liwa alHaqq Liwa Ansar al-Khilafa Nour alDin alZenki
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Damascus-based. Exact contributions unknown
X X
Based in Idlib Also in Ansar al-Sharia Operations Room X
Northern MOC
Harakat al-Zahir Baybars Liwa Fursan alHaqq 101st Infantry Division Suqour alJabal 13th Division Suqour alGhab Al-Izza Gathering
Unknown group Northern MOC & Qatar
X
Allied
Notes
X
Northern MOC
X
Northern MOC
X
Northern MOC
X
Northern MOC
X
Northern MOC
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Also active in Idlib Also active in Idlib Also active in Idlib Also active in Idlib Also active in Idlib Also active in Hama and Idlib
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Local components of group
Rebel Group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Liwa Ansar al-Sunna
Financed by
Notes
Northern MOC
Thuwar alSham Brigades Liwa alFateh Liwa alSultan Muhammad al-Fatih 111st Infantry Division Based in Idlib and Hama al-Nakhba Forces
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Kita'ib alSafwat alIslamiya Harakat Biyan Liwa alHouriya alIslami Liwa Shuhada alAtarib 60th Infantry Division
Allied
X
Based in Idlib
Unknown group
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Ansar alSharia
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X Jabhat alNusra
X Jaysh al – Muhajireen walAnsar Katibat al – Tawhid walJihad
Jabhat Ansar alDin
X Also Active in Idlib
X X
Also Active in Idlib
X
Also Active in Idlib
Fajr al-Sham Islamic Movement Ahrar alSham
X
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
X
Abu Amara Brigades
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Also in Aleppo Conquest Operations Room Also in Aleppo Conquest Operations Room
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
First Regiment Liwa alSultan Murad Harakat Mujahidi al-Islam Fajr alKhilafa Brigades Liwa Ansar al-Khilafa Siraya alMa'ad Kitaba alSuhaba Jund Allah
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes Also in Aleppo Conquest Operations Room
X X
Northern MOC
Also in Aleppo Conquest Operations Room
Also in Aleppo Conquest Operations Room Also in Aleppo Conquest Operations Room Unknown group Unknown group Unknown group
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X
Euphrates Volcano Islamic FrontAleppo
X
Component of Levant Front
Tawhid Brigade Northern Sector Jaysh alThuwar
It is unclear if the Tawhid brigadenorthern sector is a component of the Islamic Front-Aleppo and therefore of the Levant Front. X
X
Jabhat alAkrad People’s Protection Unit (YPG) Kita'ib Shams alShamal Liwa Thuwar arRaqqa
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Aleppo (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Liwa alJihad fi Sabeel Allah Saraya Jarablus Tahrir Brigade Jaysh alQasas
Unknown group
Liwa Amna' ar-Raqqa
Unknown group
Free Floating Rebel Groups Jund alAqsa Caucasus Emirate in al - Sham
Allied
X
Also active in Latakia, Hama, and Idlib
X
Also active in Latakia
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
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Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Idlib Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Jaysh alFatah Idlib
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X Jabhat alNusra Jund alAqsa Ahrar alSham
X
X
X
X
X
X
Also active in Hama Province
Also active in Latakia, Hama, and Aleppo Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Suqour alSham Jaysh alSunna Ajnad alSham Sham Legion Liwa alHaq
Fully merged with Ahrar al-Sham X X
X
X
X
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Also active in Hama Also active in Hama, Damascus, Dera’a, and Quneitra Turkey & Qatar
Also active in Aleppo and Hama Also Active in Aleppo and Hama
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
18
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Idlib (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
X
X
Jaysh al-Mujahireen wal Ansar
X
X
Kata’ib al Tawhid wal Jihad
X
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Battle of Victory Jabhat alNusra
Ahrar alSham
X
Also active in Aleppo X
Turkey & Saudi Arabia Fully merged with Ahrar al-Sham
Suqour al-Sham Jabhat Ansar alDin
X
Also active in Aleppo
Harakat Sham al-Islam Junud alSham
X
Kata'ib Ansar alSham
X
X Also active in Latakia
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Also active in Latakia
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
19
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Idlib (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
Jama'at Ansar alIslam Turkistan Islamic Party Jaysh alIslam
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X X X
X
Free Floating Rebel Groups Jama'at Ahadun Ahad Liwa alHouriya al-Islami 111th Infantry Division Jaysh alThuwar Suqour al-Ghab
X
Allied
Also active in Latakia X
Also active in Aleppo Conquest
X
Also active in Aleppo Conquest
X
X
X
X
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Northern MOC
Also active in Aleppo
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
20
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Idlib (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
101st Infantry Division 13th Division
CrossPower-broker Province
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Northern MOC
Also active in Aleppo
X
Northern MOC
Also active in Aleppo
X
Northern MOC & Qatar Northern MOC Northern MOC
X X
Fursan alHaqq Suqour al-Jabal Al-Izza Gathering
X X X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Also active in Aleppo Also active in Aleppo Also active in Aleppo and Hama
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
21
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Latakia Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Power-broker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Free Floating Rebel Groups Jaysh alMujahireen wal - Ansar Junud alSham Jabhat Ansar alDin
X X
X
X Harakat Sham al-Islam
Kata'ib Ansar alSham
X
Turkistan Islamic Party Jama'at Ahadun Ahad Katai'b Ansar alSham
Allied
X
Also active in Idlib
X
Also active in Idlib
X
Also active in Idlib
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
22
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Latakia (cont.) Operations Room
Local components of group
Rebel Group Jama'at Ansar alIslam Ahrar alSham
CrossProvince
Power-broker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X Turkey & Saudi Arabia
X
Jund alAqsa Caucasus Emirate in al-Sham Jaysh alMujahideen Jaysh alIslam Jaysh alThuwar First Coastal Division Liwa alAdiyat
Allied
X
Also active in Idlib and Hama
X
Also active in Aleppo
X
Northern MOC & Qatar
X
Saudi Arabia
X
Also active in Aleppo
X Northern MOC
X
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Northern MOC
Independent
Also active in Hama
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
23
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Hama Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Jaysh alNasr
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X Suqour alGhab Liwa alAdiyat Jabhat alSham Suqour alJabal Liwa alInqath alMuqatila Al-Izza Gathering
Also active in Idlib and Aleppo
X X
Northern MOC
Also active in Latakia
Northern MOC
X
X
Jaysh alFatah Idlib
Northern MOC
Also active in Idlib and Aleppo
Northern MOC
Also active in Idlib and Aleppo
X Jabhat alNusra
X
Ahrar alSham
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
X X
Independent
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
24
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Hama (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Power-broker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Fully merged with Ahrar alSham. May no longer operate as distinct entity
Suqour al-Sham
Jund al-Aqsa Jaysh alSunna
Also active in Idlib and Latakia Also active in Aleppo and Idlib Also active in Idlib and Damascus, Dera’a, and Quneitra
X X
Ajnad alSham X Sham Legion Liwa alHaqq
Notes
Turkey & Qatar
X
Also active in Idlib and Aleppo
X
Free Floating Rebel Groups 111th Infantry Division Jaysh alThuwar
Also active in Aleppo Conquest X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
X
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
25
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Homs Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Jabhat alNusra
X
X
Ahrar alSham
X
X
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Victory of the Oppressed Joint
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Liwa al-Haqq (Homs) Ajnad Homs
X
Jaysh Ahl al-Sunna wal-Jama'a Jaysh alTawhid
Turkey & Qatar Kita'ib Saif alIslam Khtab Liwa 313 Jund Badr
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
26
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Homs (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powe rbroke r
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Liwa Hama alAqida Liwa Suqour Talbisa Liwa Suyuf alHaq Liwa Talbisa
Component group of Ahrar al-Sham
Liwa Ussoud alIslam
A leader of the group allegedly joined ISIS. Component group of Sham Legion
Tajamu' Ilwiya alIman Ballah
Free Floating Rebel Groups Tahrir Homs Jaysh alThuwar
Allied
Governs in Rastan alongside Jabhat al-Nusra
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
27
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Power-broker
Eastern Ghouta Unified Military Command
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
X Ahrar alSham Jaysh alIslam Ajnad alSham
Only operates in Eastern Ghouta Turkey & Saudi Arabia
X X
Notes
X Also active in Idlib, Hama, Dera’a, and Quneitra
X Liwa Fajr alUmma
Rahman Corps
X al-Habib alMustafa Brigade
One Flag Alliance
Only operates in Western Ghouta Jabhat alNusra
X
X
Ahrar alSham
X
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
28
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
Ajnad alSham
CrossProvince
Power-broker
X
X
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Ilwiya wa Kita'ib alSahaba
Also active in Dera’a and Quneitra
Fursan alSunna Battalion
Also active in Dera’a and Quneitra
Jabhat Ansar al-Islam
X
Southern MOC
Also active in Dera'a. Member of the Southern Front
Kita'ib Aknaf Beit al-Maqdis Liwa al-Izz Liwa Tawhid al-Asima Islamic Front
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
29
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossPower-broker Province
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Jaysh alFatah Qalamoun Jabhat alNusra
X
Ahrar alSham
X
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Liwa Muatasim Billah Jaysh alQalamoun
Unverified.
Marwan Hadid Briagde
Unverified. Appears linked to the Abdullah Azzam Brigades
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
30
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince Power-broker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes Unverified. Is a component of the Southern Front. It is unclear if currently active but last posted to Facebook on 7/26/15.
Gathering of Western Qalamoun 11 Division Special Forces Abu Obaida Battalion
Southern MOC
Component of the Southern Front
Southern MOC
Component of the Southern Front
Ahrar alQalamoun Battalions Rahman Corps
X al-Habib alMustafa Brigade
Al-Sarkha Battalions Asoud alSunna Battalions Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra 31
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince Power-broker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Battalion 215 Friends of the Prophet Mohammad Battalion Hamad Brigade Hawsh Arab Martyrs Gathering Katiba alMutahabeen Billah Kata'ib alAnsar
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
32
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Local Operations Rebel Group components of Room group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Katiba Shuhada alNabek Liwa Ahrar Hafir Liwa Rijal Allah Liwa Seif alHaq Liwa Suqour al-Qalamoun Liwa Suqour al-Umawayeen Liwa Tahrir al-Qalamoun Jaysh Tahirir al-Sham
Component of the Southern Front
Liwa Thura alSha'ab
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
33
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Local Operations Rebel Group components of Room group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Men of Qalamoun Battalion Saif al-Islam Battalion Sheild of Qalamoun Brigade Katiba Shaid Mamoud Murad Katiba Shuhada alSarkha Katiba Yousef al-Sadiq
Eastern Qalamoun Operations Room
X Jabhat alNusra
X
Ahrar al-Sham
X
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
34
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Damascus (cont.) Local Operations Rebel Group components of Room group Rahman Corps Jaysh al-Islam Martyr Lieutenant Ahmed Abdou Brigades Originality and Development Front
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
X
X X
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
X
Southern MOC
X
Notes
Component of the Southern Front
Also active in Aleppo
Jaysh Asoud alSharqiya
Free Floating Rebel Groups Furqan Brigades Damascus Martyrs Brigade
Southern MOC
X X
Component of the Southern Front Component of the Southern Front Component of the Southern Front
Jaysh al-Ababil
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
35
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes Active in Southwestern Damascus Countryside and Northern Quneitra Countryside
Jaysh alHarmoun Jabhat alNusra
X
X
Ahrar alSham
X
X
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Fursan alSunna Battalion
Also active in Damascus
Harakat Shuhada al-Sham al-Islamiya Liwa alSayyid alMessiyah Liwa Jabal al-Sheikh Liwa Omar bin al-Khatab Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra 36
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
X
X
X
X
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Turkey & Saudi Arabia
Also a signatory to the Fatah alSham Operations Room
Liwa Tawhid alAsima Liwa Osama bin Zaid Siyad alUsoud Battalion
Jaysh alFatah Southern Sector Jabhat alNusra Ahrar alSham Suqour al-Sham
Allied
Also a signatory to the Fatah alSham Operations Room
X
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
37
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Fatah alSham Joint Operations Room Harakat Muthanna alIslamiya Kita'ib Aknaf Beit al-Maqdis Jaysh al-Islam
X
X
Ajnad al-Sham
X
X
Abu Obaida Battalion Ilwiya wa Kita'ib al-Sahaba Ansar al-Huda Gathering
X
Also active in Idlib, Hama, Dera’a, and Quneitra
Also active in Damascus
Jama'at Basha'ir al-Islam Katibat Aswad alAqsad Liwa al-I'tisam Billah
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
A component of Ahrar alSham
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
38
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Liwa al-Shahid alA'qeed Ahmed alOmar Mashrou Benaa Umma Liwa Ahaya al-Jihad Liwa alUmarayn al-Islami Liwa Ansar al-Haqq Liwa Usoud al-Tawhid Tajamu alMujahideen Nawa
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
39
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local Crosscomponents of Province group
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
X
Southern MOC
Damascus-based. Exact contributions unknown
X
Southern MOC & Turkey
Southern Front
X Furqan Brigades Jabhat Ansar alIslam First Army
X
Southern MOC
Hamza Division First Artillery Regiment Syrian Revolutionaries Front - Southern Sector Tahalaf Suqour alJanoub
Southern MOC Southern MOC Southern MOC
X March 18 Division Fallujah Houran Division
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Also active in Damascus
Southern MOC Southern MOC
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
40
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Jaysh alYarmouk Firqat Usoud al-Sunnah Liwa Tawhid al-Janub Usoud alHarb Operations Room Liwa Mua'taz Billah Alwiyat alOmari Liwa Shabab al-Sunna Liwa Tawhid Kita'ib Houran
Group's leader Bashar Zoubi appears to have been sidelined by the MOC
Southern MOC
Southern MOC Southern MOC Southern MOC
Fajr al-Tawhid Division
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Southern MOC
Southern MOC
X
Allied
Notes
Southern MOC
X
First Corps
Financed by
Southern MOC Southern MOC
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
41
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
8th Infantry Brigade 19th Infantry Brigade 21st Infantry Division 99th Infantry Division Furqat Nasr Salah al-Din Division Liwa alHaramayn alShurayfayn Liwa Fursan alHouriya Liwa Asafa alJaboub al-Har Liwa Sajoul Liwa Jasahr alHouran 55th Infantry Brigade Liwa Saraya alKarama
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Financed by
Notes
Southern MOC
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
42
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
X
Southern MOC
Notes
Liwa Shuhada al-Harra Seif alSham Brigades 24th Infantry Division Ahrar Nawa Division Fajr alIslam Division Liwa alMughawir al-Awli Liwa Jaydour Houran Shahid Ra'ed alMasri Jabhat alSham alMuwahida
Southern MOC
Southern MOC
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
43
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
69th Special Forces Division Damascus Martyrs Brigade Jaysh alAbabil Liwa Ahrar Inkhil First Brigade Liwa Muatassim Billah Liwa Muhajireen wal-Ansar Liwa Amoud Houran Katibat Fadayeen Houran
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Financed by
Notes
Southern MOC
X
Component of the Southern Front Also active in Damascus
Southern MOC Southern MOC
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
44
Backgrounder | Syrian Opposition Guide | Jennifer Cafarella and Genevieve Casagrande | October 7, 2015
Dera'a & Quneitra (cont.) Operations Room
Rebel Group
Local components of group
CrossProvince
Powerbroker
Potential Powerbroker
Liwa Khayalat al-Zaydi Liwa Ahsa'ar alLajat Ansar alSunnah Liwa Fursan Houran Liwa Shuhada al-Islam Liwa Shuhada Houran
Financed by
Notes
Southern MOC
Allied
Separable from Jabhat Al-Nusra
Independent
Component of Jabhat al-Nusra
45