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Volume 39, Issue 5 September 2012 , pp. 577-583
T. A. Miller (a1), K. P. White (a1) and D. C. Ross (a1) https://doi.org/10.1017/S0317167100015298 Published online: 02 December 2014
Abstract Piriformis Syndrome (PS) is an uncommon, controversial neuromuscular disorder that is presumed to be a compression neuropathy of the sciatic nerve at the level of the piriformis muscle (PM). The diagnosis is hampered by a lack of agreed upon clinical criteria and a lack of definitive investigations such as imaging or electrodiagnostic testing. Treatment has focused on stretching, physical therapies, local injections, including botulinum toxin, and surgical management. This article explores the various sources of controversy surrounding piriformis syndrome including diagnosis, investigation and management. We conclude with a proposal for diagnostic criteria which include signs and symptoms, imaging, and response to therapeutic injections.
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Corresponding author Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, St. Joseph's Health Care, Room 066, 21 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario, N6A 1Y6, Canada. Email:
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