Western Michigan University
ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations
Graduate College
8-1992
Transformational Leadership: An Integrative Review of the Literature Joseph Mark Gasper Western Michigan University
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TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
by Joseph Mark Gasper
A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Department of Educational Leadership
Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 1992
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TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Joseph Mark Gasper, Ed.D. Western Michigan University, 1992 Transformational leadership was introduced by James MacGregor B u m s in 1978.
This new paradigm described the
leader and follower interaction as a mutually elevating process which Bernard Bass later described as performance beyond normal expectations.
Transformational leadership
theory has been expanded and extended by numerous authors and has been the focus of numerous research studies over the years. Bass and his colleagues have been the most prolific researchers on the subject.
The Multifactor Leadership
Questionnaire (MLQ) (Bass, 1985) was developed to measure the extent to which a leader demonstrates transformational and transactional
leadership.
The MLQ also provides a
measure of the relationship between demonstrated leadership style and perceived leader effectiveness, follower satis faction with the leader and the willingness of the follower to put forth extra effort for the leader. This study was undertaken for the purpose of expanding the knowledge of transformational leadership by examining the existing epistemology.
A variety of studies have been
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
conducted beyond the Bass vein of research that provide additional insight to and understanding of the construct. The primary goal of the study was to analyze and synthesize the body of transformational leadership research into a cohesive whole. The method employed was
an
integrative
literature
review.
This procedure included an exhaustive literature
search,
a
rigorous
coding
techniques and 3759 = 0.76 3579 = 0.27
3579 2710.10 968.31 2336.41 341.01
ConfidenceInterval 955S (sqrt) CI95 = z (+-) (1.96 (-:-) (n-3) "V CI95 (TFL) = .76 1.96 59.82 0.79 0.72 CI95 (TAL) - .27 1.96 59.82 0.30 0.24
Qt = (n-3)z2 - [(n-3)z2 (-:-) (n-3) = Qt Qt(TFL) = 2336.41 734463.69 3579 = 284.25 Qt(TAL) = 341.01 937614.57 3579 = 79.03
WithinGroupsVariance-TFL Qv = (n-3)z2 - [(n-3z)2(-:-) (n-3) Non-aili 262.24= 1406.38 242396 2118 Military 19.45 = 930.03 1330354 1461
WithinGroupsVariance-TAL Qv = (n-3)z2 Non-fflili 71.67 - 188.83 Military .87 = 152.17
BetveenGroupsVariance -TFL Qt - (QvNon-nil+QvMil) = Qb 284.25 - ( 262.24 t19.45 ) = 2.57ns
BetveenGroupsVariance-TAL Qt - (QvNon-ail rQvMil) = Qb 79.03 - ( 71.67¥ 0.87 ) = 6.49 p